Diagnosis, treatment and risk factors of Strongyloides stercoralis in schoolchildren in Cambodia.
BACKGROUND: Worldwide, an estimated 30 to 100 million people are infected with Strongyloides stercoralis, a soil-transmitted helminth. Information on the parasite is scarce in most settings. In semi-rural Cambodia, we determined infection rates and risk factors; compared two diagnostic methods (Koga...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:265d26f91e03436f82296c9def6d55ad 2023-05-15T15:16:17+02:00 Diagnosis, treatment and risk factors of Strongyloides stercoralis in schoolchildren in Cambodia. Virak Khieu Fabian Schär Hanspeter Marti Somphou Sayasone Socheat Duong Sinuon Muth Peter Odermatt 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002035 https://doaj.org/article/265d26f91e03436f82296c9def6d55ad EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3566990?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002035 https://doaj.org/article/265d26f91e03436f82296c9def6d55ad PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 7, Iss 2, p e2035 (2013) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2013 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002035 2022-12-31T09:26:33Z BACKGROUND: Worldwide, an estimated 30 to 100 million people are infected with Strongyloides stercoralis, a soil-transmitted helminth. Information on the parasite is scarce in most settings. In semi-rural Cambodia, we determined infection rates and risk factors; compared two diagnostic methods (Koga agar plate [KAP] culture and Baermann technique) for detecting S. stercoralis infections, using a multiple stool examination approach; and assessed efficacy of ivermectin treatment. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We performed a cross-sectional study in 458 children from four primary schools in semi-rural villages in Kandal province, using three diagnostic procedures (Kato-Katz, KAP culture and Baermann technique) on three stool samples. Infected children were treated with ivermectin (100 µg/kg/day for two days) and re-examined three weeks after treatment. Hookworm, S. stercoralis, Trichuris trichiura, and small trematode eggs were most prevalent, with 24.4% of children being infected with S. stercoralis. The sensitivity of KAP culture and Baermann technique was 88.4% and 75.0%, respectively and their negative predictive values were 96.4% and 92.5%, respectively. The cumulative prevalence of S. stercoralis increased from 18.6% to 24.4%, after analyzing three stool samples, which was close to the modeled 'true' prevalence of 24.8%. Children who reported defecating in latrines were significantly less infected with S. stercoralis than those who did not use latrines (p<0.001). Itchy skin and diarrhea were significantly associated with S. stercoralis infection. The cure rate of ivermectin was 98.3%. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: S. stercoralis infection is highly prevalent among semi-rural Cambodian schoolchildren. The sensitivity of KAP culture is higher than that of the Baermann technique. In the absence of a "gold standard", analysis of multiple stool samples by different diagnostic methods is required to achieve a satisfactory level of sensitivity. Almost three-quarters of the infections could have been avoided by proper ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Kap ENVELOPE(23.567,23.567,65.533,65.533) PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 7 2 e2035 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Virak Khieu Fabian Schär Hanspeter Marti Somphou Sayasone Socheat Duong Sinuon Muth Peter Odermatt Diagnosis, treatment and risk factors of Strongyloides stercoralis in schoolchildren in Cambodia. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
BACKGROUND: Worldwide, an estimated 30 to 100 million people are infected with Strongyloides stercoralis, a soil-transmitted helminth. Information on the parasite is scarce in most settings. In semi-rural Cambodia, we determined infection rates and risk factors; compared two diagnostic methods (Koga agar plate [KAP] culture and Baermann technique) for detecting S. stercoralis infections, using a multiple stool examination approach; and assessed efficacy of ivermectin treatment. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We performed a cross-sectional study in 458 children from four primary schools in semi-rural villages in Kandal province, using three diagnostic procedures (Kato-Katz, KAP culture and Baermann technique) on three stool samples. Infected children were treated with ivermectin (100 µg/kg/day for two days) and re-examined three weeks after treatment. Hookworm, S. stercoralis, Trichuris trichiura, and small trematode eggs were most prevalent, with 24.4% of children being infected with S. stercoralis. The sensitivity of KAP culture and Baermann technique was 88.4% and 75.0%, respectively and their negative predictive values were 96.4% and 92.5%, respectively. The cumulative prevalence of S. stercoralis increased from 18.6% to 24.4%, after analyzing three stool samples, which was close to the modeled 'true' prevalence of 24.8%. Children who reported defecating in latrines were significantly less infected with S. stercoralis than those who did not use latrines (p<0.001). Itchy skin and diarrhea were significantly associated with S. stercoralis infection. The cure rate of ivermectin was 98.3%. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: S. stercoralis infection is highly prevalent among semi-rural Cambodian schoolchildren. The sensitivity of KAP culture is higher than that of the Baermann technique. In the absence of a "gold standard", analysis of multiple stool samples by different diagnostic methods is required to achieve a satisfactory level of sensitivity. Almost three-quarters of the infections could have been avoided by proper ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Virak Khieu Fabian Schär Hanspeter Marti Somphou Sayasone Socheat Duong Sinuon Muth Peter Odermatt |
author_facet |
Virak Khieu Fabian Schär Hanspeter Marti Somphou Sayasone Socheat Duong Sinuon Muth Peter Odermatt |
author_sort |
Virak Khieu |
title |
Diagnosis, treatment and risk factors of Strongyloides stercoralis in schoolchildren in Cambodia. |
title_short |
Diagnosis, treatment and risk factors of Strongyloides stercoralis in schoolchildren in Cambodia. |
title_full |
Diagnosis, treatment and risk factors of Strongyloides stercoralis in schoolchildren in Cambodia. |
title_fullStr |
Diagnosis, treatment and risk factors of Strongyloides stercoralis in schoolchildren in Cambodia. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Diagnosis, treatment and risk factors of Strongyloides stercoralis in schoolchildren in Cambodia. |
title_sort |
diagnosis, treatment and risk factors of strongyloides stercoralis in schoolchildren in cambodia. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002035 https://doaj.org/article/265d26f91e03436f82296c9def6d55ad |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(23.567,23.567,65.533,65.533) |
geographic |
Arctic Kap |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Kap |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 7, Iss 2, p e2035 (2013) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3566990?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002035 https://doaj.org/article/265d26f91e03436f82296c9def6d55ad |
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002035 |
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PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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7 |
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2 |
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e2035 |
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