Variability in the Occurrence of Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean and Its Climatic and Hydrological Determinants
The main objective of this study was to investigate the variability in annual counts and the northern extent of cyclones in the North Atlantic in the years 1970–2019. Cyclones were divided into tropical cyclones (TCs), called hurricanes in the Atlantic, and extratropical cyclones (ETCs), transformed...
Published in: | Atmosphere |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2023
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14020312 https://doaj.org/article/264ec775154c4608a8bec1eb67b5b9af |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:264ec775154c4608a8bec1eb67b5b9af |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:264ec775154c4608a8bec1eb67b5b9af 2023-05-15T17:28:15+02:00 Variability in the Occurrence of Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean and Its Climatic and Hydrological Determinants Adam Szczapiński Ewa Bednorz Bartosz Czernecki 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14020312 https://doaj.org/article/264ec775154c4608a8bec1eb67b5b9af EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/2/312 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 doi:10.3390/atmos14020312 2073-4433 https://doaj.org/article/264ec775154c4608a8bec1eb67b5b9af Atmosphere, Vol 14, Iss 312, p 312 (2023) hurricanes extratropical cyclones North Atlantic NAO ENSO sea surface temperature Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14020312 2023-02-26T01:31:23Z The main objective of this study was to investigate the variability in annual counts and the northern extent of cyclones in the North Atlantic in the years 1970–2019. Cyclones were divided into tropical cyclones (TCs), called hurricanes in the Atlantic, and extratropical cyclones (ETCs), transformed from TCs. Linear regression methods and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were applied. The trend in numbers is upward for both types of cyclones. The maximum annual northern extent of TCs shows a decreasing trend, while that of ETCs is clearly increasing. Hurricane numbers show a moderate positive correlation (correlation coefficient 0.31) with the annual Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and a negative correlation (−0.34) with the annual North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index. For the SOI in the months of the second half of the year, there is a strong correlation (up to 0.51) with the number of TCs in September–October. The highest correlation (0.65) is observed between the number of TCs and the annual Atlantic Multi-decadal Index (AMO). The number of TCs have been shown to correlate positively with the water temperature of the North Atlantic and western Pacific, and negatively with the eastern Pacific Ocean. A significant relationship has also been recorded between SST and the maximum annual extent of extratropical cyclones to the north and east (correlation coefficient of 0.4 to 0.6). Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Pacific Soi ENVELOPE(30.704,30.704,66.481,66.481) Atmosphere 14 2 312 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
hurricanes extratropical cyclones North Atlantic NAO ENSO sea surface temperature Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
spellingShingle |
hurricanes extratropical cyclones North Atlantic NAO ENSO sea surface temperature Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 Adam Szczapiński Ewa Bednorz Bartosz Czernecki Variability in the Occurrence of Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean and Its Climatic and Hydrological Determinants |
topic_facet |
hurricanes extratropical cyclones North Atlantic NAO ENSO sea surface temperature Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
description |
The main objective of this study was to investigate the variability in annual counts and the northern extent of cyclones in the North Atlantic in the years 1970–2019. Cyclones were divided into tropical cyclones (TCs), called hurricanes in the Atlantic, and extratropical cyclones (ETCs), transformed from TCs. Linear regression methods and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were applied. The trend in numbers is upward for both types of cyclones. The maximum annual northern extent of TCs shows a decreasing trend, while that of ETCs is clearly increasing. Hurricane numbers show a moderate positive correlation (correlation coefficient 0.31) with the annual Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and a negative correlation (−0.34) with the annual North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index. For the SOI in the months of the second half of the year, there is a strong correlation (up to 0.51) with the number of TCs in September–October. The highest correlation (0.65) is observed between the number of TCs and the annual Atlantic Multi-decadal Index (AMO). The number of TCs have been shown to correlate positively with the water temperature of the North Atlantic and western Pacific, and negatively with the eastern Pacific Ocean. A significant relationship has also been recorded between SST and the maximum annual extent of extratropical cyclones to the north and east (correlation coefficient of 0.4 to 0.6). |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Adam Szczapiński Ewa Bednorz Bartosz Czernecki |
author_facet |
Adam Szczapiński Ewa Bednorz Bartosz Czernecki |
author_sort |
Adam Szczapiński |
title |
Variability in the Occurrence of Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean and Its Climatic and Hydrological Determinants |
title_short |
Variability in the Occurrence of Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean and Its Climatic and Hydrological Determinants |
title_full |
Variability in the Occurrence of Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean and Its Climatic and Hydrological Determinants |
title_fullStr |
Variability in the Occurrence of Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean and Its Climatic and Hydrological Determinants |
title_full_unstemmed |
Variability in the Occurrence of Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean and Its Climatic and Hydrological Determinants |
title_sort |
variability in the occurrence of tropical and extratropical cyclones in the atlantic ocean and its climatic and hydrological determinants |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14020312 https://doaj.org/article/264ec775154c4608a8bec1eb67b5b9af |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(30.704,30.704,66.481,66.481) |
geographic |
Pacific Soi |
geographic_facet |
Pacific Soi |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_source |
Atmosphere, Vol 14, Iss 312, p 312 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/2/312 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433 doi:10.3390/atmos14020312 2073-4433 https://doaj.org/article/264ec775154c4608a8bec1eb67b5b9af |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14020312 |
container_title |
Atmosphere |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
312 |
_version_ |
1766120805606883328 |