Estimating the extent of Antarctic summer sea ice during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration
In stark contrast to the sharp decline in Arctic sea ice, there has been a steady increase in ice extent around Antarctica during the last three decades, especially in the Weddell and Ross seas. In general, climate models do not to capture this trend and a lack of information about sea ice coverage...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2721-2016 https://doaj.org/article/2560f0e69c324a0dbc609b72297f6a6d |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:2560f0e69c324a0dbc609b72297f6a6d 2023-05-15T13:35:38+02:00 Estimating the extent of Antarctic summer sea ice during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration T. Edinburgh J. J. Day 2016-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2721-2016 https://doaj.org/article/2560f0e69c324a0dbc609b72297f6a6d EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.the-cryosphere.net/10/2721/2016/tc-10-2721-2016.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 1994-0416 1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-10-2721-2016 https://doaj.org/article/2560f0e69c324a0dbc609b72297f6a6d The Cryosphere, Vol 10, Iss 6, Pp 2721-2730 (2016) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2016 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2721-2016 2022-12-31T04:02:32Z In stark contrast to the sharp decline in Arctic sea ice, there has been a steady increase in ice extent around Antarctica during the last three decades, especially in the Weddell and Ross seas. In general, climate models do not to capture this trend and a lack of information about sea ice coverage in the pre-satellite period limits our ability to quantify the sensitivity of sea ice to climate change and robustly validate climate models. However, evidence of the presence and nature of sea ice was often recorded during early Antarctic exploration, though these sources have not previously been explored or exploited until now. We have analysed observations of the summer sea ice edge from the ship logbooks of explorers such as Robert Falcon Scott, Ernest Shackleton and their contemporaries during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration (1897–1917), and in this study we compare these to satellite observations from the period 1989–2014, offering insight into the ice conditions of this period, from direct observations, for the first time. This comparison shows that the summer sea ice edge was between 1.0 and 1.7° further north in the Weddell Sea during this period but that ice conditions were surprisingly comparable to the present day in other sectors. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Climate change Sea ice The Cryosphere Weddell Sea Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Antarctic Weddell Sea Shackleton Weddell The Cryosphere 10 6 2721 2730 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 T. Edinburgh J. J. Day Estimating the extent of Antarctic summer sea ice during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
In stark contrast to the sharp decline in Arctic sea ice, there has been a steady increase in ice extent around Antarctica during the last three decades, especially in the Weddell and Ross seas. In general, climate models do not to capture this trend and a lack of information about sea ice coverage in the pre-satellite period limits our ability to quantify the sensitivity of sea ice to climate change and robustly validate climate models. However, evidence of the presence and nature of sea ice was often recorded during early Antarctic exploration, though these sources have not previously been explored or exploited until now. We have analysed observations of the summer sea ice edge from the ship logbooks of explorers such as Robert Falcon Scott, Ernest Shackleton and their contemporaries during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration (1897–1917), and in this study we compare these to satellite observations from the period 1989–2014, offering insight into the ice conditions of this period, from direct observations, for the first time. This comparison shows that the summer sea ice edge was between 1.0 and 1.7° further north in the Weddell Sea during this period but that ice conditions were surprisingly comparable to the present day in other sectors. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
T. Edinburgh J. J. Day |
author_facet |
T. Edinburgh J. J. Day |
author_sort |
T. Edinburgh |
title |
Estimating the extent of Antarctic summer sea ice during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration |
title_short |
Estimating the extent of Antarctic summer sea ice during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration |
title_full |
Estimating the extent of Antarctic summer sea ice during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration |
title_fullStr |
Estimating the extent of Antarctic summer sea ice during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration |
title_full_unstemmed |
Estimating the extent of Antarctic summer sea ice during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration |
title_sort |
estimating the extent of antarctic summer sea ice during the heroic age of antarctic exploration |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2721-2016 https://doaj.org/article/2560f0e69c324a0dbc609b72297f6a6d |
geographic |
Arctic Antarctic Weddell Sea Shackleton Weddell |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Antarctic Weddell Sea Shackleton Weddell |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Climate change Sea ice The Cryosphere Weddell Sea |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Climate change Sea ice The Cryosphere Weddell Sea |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 10, Iss 6, Pp 2721-2730 (2016) |
op_relation |
http://www.the-cryosphere.net/10/2721/2016/tc-10-2721-2016.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 1994-0416 1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-10-2721-2016 https://doaj.org/article/2560f0e69c324a0dbc609b72297f6a6d |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2721-2016 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
2721 |
op_container_end_page |
2730 |
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1766068091994767360 |