Harmonic content of the synchronous generator stator current in the case of unit transformer saturation due to geomagnetically induced currents
The study investigates the features of the operation of off-the-grid power systems. Such power systems are commonly used for supplying power to consumers spread throughout the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, and their unique operating conditions are due to the effect of geomagnetically induce...
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2023
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:24cd9faa96604535a6eca5da5a165ede 2024-02-27T08:38:23+00:00 Harmonic content of the synchronous generator stator current in the case of unit transformer saturation due to geomagnetically induced currents Vakhnina Vera Kuvshinov Aleksei Chernenko Aleksei Pudovinnikov Roman 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202347001024 https://doaj.org/article/24cd9faa96604535a6eca5da5a165ede EN FR eng fre EDP Sciences https://www.e3s-conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/pdf/2023/107/e3sconf_esr2023_01024.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/2267-1242 2267-1242 doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202347001024 https://doaj.org/article/24cd9faa96604535a6eca5da5a165ede E3S Web of Conferences, Vol 470, p 01024 (2023) Environmental sciences GE1-350 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202347001024 2024-01-28T01:41:55Z The study investigates the features of the operation of off-the-grid power systems. Such power systems are commonly used for supplying power to consumers spread throughout the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, and their unique operating conditions are due to the effect of geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) resulting from geomagnetic disturbances. We argue that the cause of stator current deviations from the pure sine wave are unit transformers. Their low-voltage windings are directly connected to stator windings of synchronous generators, and GICs run through grounded high-voltage windings. To support our claim, we simulated the effect of a test GIC event. Its amplitude in each of high-voltage phase windings of the unit transformer was 100 A, and the duration was 20 seconds (power transformers of the Hydro-Québec power grid were exposed to geomagnetically induced currents of a similar intensity during the geomagnetic storm on March 13-14, 1989). The spike targeted the "generator (TVF-100-2) - transformer (TDTs-125000/220/10.5)" unit that fed a major consumer node (Рnom = 83.125 MW, Qnom = 29.75 Mvar, cosφ=0.95) through a 160 km long double-circuit overhead line. Our study demonstrated that the effect of GICs on the operation of synchronous generators started from the moment of saturation of the unit transformer's core due to the inverse transformation of magnetizing current harmonics in the stator winding circuit. The harmonics introduced significant deviations from the pure sine wave into the curve of instantaneous stator currents. We calculated the nonlinear distortion factor of the stator current, which reached an unacceptably high value of THD=55.59%, 10 seconds into the test GIC event. The study showed that the 2nd and 4th harmonics of the unit transformer magnetizing current were responsible for the great bulk of deviations from the pure sine wave of the stator current. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic The Spike ENVELOPE(-37.317,-37.317,-54.017,-54.017) E3S Web of Conferences 470 01024 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English French |
topic |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Vakhnina Vera Kuvshinov Aleksei Chernenko Aleksei Pudovinnikov Roman Harmonic content of the synchronous generator stator current in the case of unit transformer saturation due to geomagnetically induced currents |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
description |
The study investigates the features of the operation of off-the-grid power systems. Such power systems are commonly used for supplying power to consumers spread throughout the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, and their unique operating conditions are due to the effect of geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) resulting from geomagnetic disturbances. We argue that the cause of stator current deviations from the pure sine wave are unit transformers. Their low-voltage windings are directly connected to stator windings of synchronous generators, and GICs run through grounded high-voltage windings. To support our claim, we simulated the effect of a test GIC event. Its amplitude in each of high-voltage phase windings of the unit transformer was 100 A, and the duration was 20 seconds (power transformers of the Hydro-Québec power grid were exposed to geomagnetically induced currents of a similar intensity during the geomagnetic storm on March 13-14, 1989). The spike targeted the "generator (TVF-100-2) - transformer (TDTs-125000/220/10.5)" unit that fed a major consumer node (Рnom = 83.125 MW, Qnom = 29.75 Mvar, cosφ=0.95) through a 160 km long double-circuit overhead line. Our study demonstrated that the effect of GICs on the operation of synchronous generators started from the moment of saturation of the unit transformer's core due to the inverse transformation of magnetizing current harmonics in the stator winding circuit. The harmonics introduced significant deviations from the pure sine wave into the curve of instantaneous stator currents. We calculated the nonlinear distortion factor of the stator current, which reached an unacceptably high value of THD=55.59%, 10 seconds into the test GIC event. The study showed that the 2nd and 4th harmonics of the unit transformer magnetizing current were responsible for the great bulk of deviations from the pure sine wave of the stator current. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Vakhnina Vera Kuvshinov Aleksei Chernenko Aleksei Pudovinnikov Roman |
author_facet |
Vakhnina Vera Kuvshinov Aleksei Chernenko Aleksei Pudovinnikov Roman |
author_sort |
Vakhnina Vera |
title |
Harmonic content of the synchronous generator stator current in the case of unit transformer saturation due to geomagnetically induced currents |
title_short |
Harmonic content of the synchronous generator stator current in the case of unit transformer saturation due to geomagnetically induced currents |
title_full |
Harmonic content of the synchronous generator stator current in the case of unit transformer saturation due to geomagnetically induced currents |
title_fullStr |
Harmonic content of the synchronous generator stator current in the case of unit transformer saturation due to geomagnetically induced currents |
title_full_unstemmed |
Harmonic content of the synchronous generator stator current in the case of unit transformer saturation due to geomagnetically induced currents |
title_sort |
harmonic content of the synchronous generator stator current in the case of unit transformer saturation due to geomagnetically induced currents |
publisher |
EDP Sciences |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202347001024 https://doaj.org/article/24cd9faa96604535a6eca5da5a165ede |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-37.317,-37.317,-54.017,-54.017) |
geographic |
Arctic The Spike |
geographic_facet |
Arctic The Spike |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
E3S Web of Conferences, Vol 470, p 01024 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://www.e3s-conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/pdf/2023/107/e3sconf_esr2023_01024.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/2267-1242 2267-1242 doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202347001024 https://doaj.org/article/24cd9faa96604535a6eca5da5a165ede |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202347001024 |
container_title |
E3S Web of Conferences |
container_volume |
470 |
container_start_page |
01024 |
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1792045281180647424 |