Ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the California sea hare (Aplysia californica)
Behavioural impairment following exposure to ocean acidification-relevant CO2 levels has been noted in a broad array of taxa. The underlying cause of these disruptions is thought to stem from alterations of ion gradients (HCO3−/Cl−) across neuronal cell membranes that occur as a consequence of maint...
Published in: | Royal Society Open Science |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
The Royal Society
2019
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191041 https://doaj.org/article/24252cc439e549e89237465d9faa0e52 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:24252cc439e549e89237465d9faa0e52 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:24252cc439e549e89237465d9faa0e52 2023-05-15T17:50:26+02:00 Ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the California sea hare (Aplysia californica) Rebecca L. Zlatkin Rachael M. Heuer 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191041 https://doaj.org/article/24252cc439e549e89237465d9faa0e52 EN eng The Royal Society https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.191041 https://doaj.org/toc/2054-5703 2054-5703 doi:10.1098/rsos.191041 https://doaj.org/article/24252cc439e549e89237465d9faa0e52 Royal Society Open Science, Vol 6, Iss 10 (2019) co2 mollusc carbon dioxide climate change Science Q article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191041 2023-01-08T01:23:57Z Behavioural impairment following exposure to ocean acidification-relevant CO2 levels has been noted in a broad array of taxa. The underlying cause of these disruptions is thought to stem from alterations of ion gradients (HCO3−/Cl−) across neuronal cell membranes that occur as a consequence of maintaining pH homeostasis via the accumulation of HCO3−. While behavioural impacts are widely documented, few studies have measured acid–base parameters in species showing behavioural disruptions. In addition, current studies examining mechanisms lack resolution in targeting specific neural pathways corresponding to a given behaviour. With these considerations in mind, acid–base parameters and behaviour were measured in a model organism used for decades as a research model to study learning, the California sea hare (Aplysia californica). Aplysia exposed to elevated CO2 increased haemolymph HCO3−, achieving full and partial pH compensation at 1200 and 3000 µatm CO2, respectively. Increased CO2 did not affect self-righting behaviour. In contrast, both levels of elevated CO2 reduced the time of the tail-withdrawal reflex, suggesting a reduction in antipredator response. Overall, these results confirm that Aplysia are promising models to examine mechanisms underlying CO2-induced behavioural disruptions since they regulate HCO3− and have behaviours linked to neural networks amenable to electrophysiological testing. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Royal Society Open Science 6 10 191041 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
co2 mollusc carbon dioxide climate change Science Q |
spellingShingle |
co2 mollusc carbon dioxide climate change Science Q Rebecca L. Zlatkin Rachael M. Heuer Ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the California sea hare (Aplysia californica) |
topic_facet |
co2 mollusc carbon dioxide climate change Science Q |
description |
Behavioural impairment following exposure to ocean acidification-relevant CO2 levels has been noted in a broad array of taxa. The underlying cause of these disruptions is thought to stem from alterations of ion gradients (HCO3−/Cl−) across neuronal cell membranes that occur as a consequence of maintaining pH homeostasis via the accumulation of HCO3−. While behavioural impacts are widely documented, few studies have measured acid–base parameters in species showing behavioural disruptions. In addition, current studies examining mechanisms lack resolution in targeting specific neural pathways corresponding to a given behaviour. With these considerations in mind, acid–base parameters and behaviour were measured in a model organism used for decades as a research model to study learning, the California sea hare (Aplysia californica). Aplysia exposed to elevated CO2 increased haemolymph HCO3−, achieving full and partial pH compensation at 1200 and 3000 µatm CO2, respectively. Increased CO2 did not affect self-righting behaviour. In contrast, both levels of elevated CO2 reduced the time of the tail-withdrawal reflex, suggesting a reduction in antipredator response. Overall, these results confirm that Aplysia are promising models to examine mechanisms underlying CO2-induced behavioural disruptions since they regulate HCO3− and have behaviours linked to neural networks amenable to electrophysiological testing. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rebecca L. Zlatkin Rachael M. Heuer |
author_facet |
Rebecca L. Zlatkin Rachael M. Heuer |
author_sort |
Rebecca L. Zlatkin |
title |
Ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the California sea hare (Aplysia californica) |
title_short |
Ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the California sea hare (Aplysia californica) |
title_full |
Ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the California sea hare (Aplysia californica) |
title_fullStr |
Ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the California sea hare (Aplysia californica) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the California sea hare (Aplysia californica) |
title_sort |
ocean acidification affects acid–base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the california sea hare (aplysia californica) |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191041 https://doaj.org/article/24252cc439e549e89237465d9faa0e52 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Royal Society Open Science, Vol 6, Iss 10 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.191041 https://doaj.org/toc/2054-5703 2054-5703 doi:10.1098/rsos.191041 https://doaj.org/article/24252cc439e549e89237465d9faa0e52 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191041 |
container_title |
Royal Society Open Science |
container_volume |
6 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
191041 |
_version_ |
1766157196581666816 |