Non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters
Abstract Complex interactions between protected populations may challenge the recovery of whole ecosystems. In California, white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) mistargeting southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) are an emergent impact to sea otter recovery, inhibiting the broader ecosystem res...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:227d69584f074e2db5116d023604081c 2023-05-15T16:05:18+02:00 Non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters Jerry H. Moxley Teri E. Nicholson Kyle S. Van Houtan Salvador J. Jorgensen 2019-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5209 https://doaj.org/article/227d69584f074e2db5116d023604081c EN eng Wiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5209 https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758 2045-7758 doi:10.1002/ece3.5209 https://doaj.org/article/227d69584f074e2db5116d023604081c Ecology and Evolution, Vol 9, Iss 11, Pp 6378-6388 (2019) community structure complex interactions nonconsumptive effects prey mistargeting protected species Ecology QH540-549.5 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5209 2022-12-31T15:32:45Z Abstract Complex interactions between protected populations may challenge the recovery of whole ecosystems. In California, white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) mistargeting southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) are an emergent impact to sea otter recovery, inhibiting the broader ecosystem restoration sea otters might provide. Here, we integrate and analyze tracking and stranding data to compare the phenology of interactions between white sharks and their targeted prey (elephant seals, Mirounga angustirostris) with those of mistargeted prey (sea otters, humans). Pronounced seasonal peaks in shark bites to otters and humans overlap in the late boreal summer, immediately before the annual adult white shark migration to elephant seal rookeries. From 1997 to 2017, the seasonal period when sharks bite otters expanded from 2 to 8 months of the year and occurred primarily in regions where kelp cover declined. Immature and male otters, demographics most associated with range expansion, were disproportionately impacted. While sea otters are understood to play a keystone role in kelp forests, recent ecosystem shifts are revealing unprecedented bottom‐up and top‐down interactions. Such shifts challenge ecosystem management programs that rely on static models of species interactions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Elephant Seal Elephant Seals Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Ecology and Evolution 9 11 6378 6388 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
community structure complex interactions nonconsumptive effects prey mistargeting protected species Ecology QH540-549.5 |
spellingShingle |
community structure complex interactions nonconsumptive effects prey mistargeting protected species Ecology QH540-549.5 Jerry H. Moxley Teri E. Nicholson Kyle S. Van Houtan Salvador J. Jorgensen Non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters |
topic_facet |
community structure complex interactions nonconsumptive effects prey mistargeting protected species Ecology QH540-549.5 |
description |
Abstract Complex interactions between protected populations may challenge the recovery of whole ecosystems. In California, white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) mistargeting southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) are an emergent impact to sea otter recovery, inhibiting the broader ecosystem restoration sea otters might provide. Here, we integrate and analyze tracking and stranding data to compare the phenology of interactions between white sharks and their targeted prey (elephant seals, Mirounga angustirostris) with those of mistargeted prey (sea otters, humans). Pronounced seasonal peaks in shark bites to otters and humans overlap in the late boreal summer, immediately before the annual adult white shark migration to elephant seal rookeries. From 1997 to 2017, the seasonal period when sharks bite otters expanded from 2 to 8 months of the year and occurred primarily in regions where kelp cover declined. Immature and male otters, demographics most associated with range expansion, were disproportionately impacted. While sea otters are understood to play a keystone role in kelp forests, recent ecosystem shifts are revealing unprecedented bottom‐up and top‐down interactions. Such shifts challenge ecosystem management programs that rely on static models of species interactions. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jerry H. Moxley Teri E. Nicholson Kyle S. Van Houtan Salvador J. Jorgensen |
author_facet |
Jerry H. Moxley Teri E. Nicholson Kyle S. Van Houtan Salvador J. Jorgensen |
author_sort |
Jerry H. Moxley |
title |
Non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters |
title_short |
Non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters |
title_full |
Non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters |
title_fullStr |
Non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters |
title_full_unstemmed |
Non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters |
title_sort |
non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5209 https://doaj.org/article/227d69584f074e2db5116d023604081c |
genre |
Elephant Seal Elephant Seals |
genre_facet |
Elephant Seal Elephant Seals |
op_source |
Ecology and Evolution, Vol 9, Iss 11, Pp 6378-6388 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5209 https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758 2045-7758 doi:10.1002/ece3.5209 https://doaj.org/article/227d69584f074e2db5116d023604081c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5209 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
6378 |
op_container_end_page |
6388 |
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1766401208366399488 |