Spatial and temporal patterns of snowmelt refreezing in a Himalayan catchment
Recent progress has been made in quantifying snowmelt in the Himalaya. Although the conditions are favorable for refreezing, little is known about the spatial variability of meltwater refreezing, hindering a complete understanding of seasonal snowmelt dynamics. This study aims to improve our underst...
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Cambridge University Press
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:2257278e2d7d42eebc5ccaf55355c228 2023-05-15T16:57:35+02:00 Spatial and temporal patterns of snowmelt refreezing in a Himalayan catchment Sanne B. M. Veldhuijsen Remco J. de Kok Emmy E. Stigter Jakob F. Steiner Tuomo M. Saloranta Walter W. Immerzeel 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2021.101 https://doaj.org/article/2257278e2d7d42eebc5ccaf55355c228 EN eng Cambridge University Press https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022143021001015/type/journal_article https://doaj.org/toc/0022-1430 https://doaj.org/toc/1727-5652 doi:10.1017/jog.2021.101 0022-1430 1727-5652 https://doaj.org/article/2257278e2d7d42eebc5ccaf55355c228 Journal of Glaciology, Vol 68, Pp 369-389 (2022) Catchment Himalaya modeling refreezing snow hydrology snowmelt Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2021.101 2023-03-12T01:30:54Z Recent progress has been made in quantifying snowmelt in the Himalaya. Although the conditions are favorable for refreezing, little is known about the spatial variability of meltwater refreezing, hindering a complete understanding of seasonal snowmelt dynamics. This study aims to improve our understanding about how refreezing varies in space and time. We simulated refreezing with the seNorge (v2.0) snow model for the Langtang catchment, Nepalese Himalaya, covering a 5-year period. Meteorological forcing data were derived from a unique elaborate network of meteorological stations and high-resolution meteorological simulations. The results show that the annual catchment average refreezing amounts to 122 mm w.e. (21% of the melt), and varies strongly in space depending on elevation and aspect. In addition, there is a seasonal altitudinal variability related to air temperature and snow depth, with most refreezing during the early melt season. Substantial intra-annual variability resulted from fluctuations in snowfall. Daily refreezing simulations decreased by 84% (annual catchment average of 19 mm w.e.) compared to hourly simulations, emphasizing the importance of using sub-daily time steps to capture melt–refreeze cycles. Climate sensitivity experiments revealed that refreezing is highly sensitive to changes in air temperature as a 2°C increase leads to a refreezing decrease of 35%. Article in Journal/Newspaper Journal of Glaciology Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Journal of Glaciology 68 268 369 389 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Catchment Himalaya modeling refreezing snow hydrology snowmelt Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
spellingShingle |
Catchment Himalaya modeling refreezing snow hydrology snowmelt Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 Sanne B. M. Veldhuijsen Remco J. de Kok Emmy E. Stigter Jakob F. Steiner Tuomo M. Saloranta Walter W. Immerzeel Spatial and temporal patterns of snowmelt refreezing in a Himalayan catchment |
topic_facet |
Catchment Himalaya modeling refreezing snow hydrology snowmelt Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
description |
Recent progress has been made in quantifying snowmelt in the Himalaya. Although the conditions are favorable for refreezing, little is known about the spatial variability of meltwater refreezing, hindering a complete understanding of seasonal snowmelt dynamics. This study aims to improve our understanding about how refreezing varies in space and time. We simulated refreezing with the seNorge (v2.0) snow model for the Langtang catchment, Nepalese Himalaya, covering a 5-year period. Meteorological forcing data were derived from a unique elaborate network of meteorological stations and high-resolution meteorological simulations. The results show that the annual catchment average refreezing amounts to 122 mm w.e. (21% of the melt), and varies strongly in space depending on elevation and aspect. In addition, there is a seasonal altitudinal variability related to air temperature and snow depth, with most refreezing during the early melt season. Substantial intra-annual variability resulted from fluctuations in snowfall. Daily refreezing simulations decreased by 84% (annual catchment average of 19 mm w.e.) compared to hourly simulations, emphasizing the importance of using sub-daily time steps to capture melt–refreeze cycles. Climate sensitivity experiments revealed that refreezing is highly sensitive to changes in air temperature as a 2°C increase leads to a refreezing decrease of 35%. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sanne B. M. Veldhuijsen Remco J. de Kok Emmy E. Stigter Jakob F. Steiner Tuomo M. Saloranta Walter W. Immerzeel |
author_facet |
Sanne B. M. Veldhuijsen Remco J. de Kok Emmy E. Stigter Jakob F. Steiner Tuomo M. Saloranta Walter W. Immerzeel |
author_sort |
Sanne B. M. Veldhuijsen |
title |
Spatial and temporal patterns of snowmelt refreezing in a Himalayan catchment |
title_short |
Spatial and temporal patterns of snowmelt refreezing in a Himalayan catchment |
title_full |
Spatial and temporal patterns of snowmelt refreezing in a Himalayan catchment |
title_fullStr |
Spatial and temporal patterns of snowmelt refreezing in a Himalayan catchment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Spatial and temporal patterns of snowmelt refreezing in a Himalayan catchment |
title_sort |
spatial and temporal patterns of snowmelt refreezing in a himalayan catchment |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2021.101 https://doaj.org/article/2257278e2d7d42eebc5ccaf55355c228 |
genre |
Journal of Glaciology |
genre_facet |
Journal of Glaciology |
op_source |
Journal of Glaciology, Vol 68, Pp 369-389 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022143021001015/type/journal_article https://doaj.org/toc/0022-1430 https://doaj.org/toc/1727-5652 doi:10.1017/jog.2021.101 0022-1430 1727-5652 https://doaj.org/article/2257278e2d7d42eebc5ccaf55355c228 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2021.101 |
container_title |
Journal of Glaciology |
container_volume |
68 |
container_issue |
268 |
container_start_page |
369 |
op_container_end_page |
389 |
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1766049152742981632 |