Enzymatic Transesterification of Atlantic Salmon ( Salmo salar ) Oil with Isoamyl Alcohol

• Published in: Materials
• Main Authors: Milda Gumbytė, Violeta Makareviciene, Egle Sendzikiene
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2023
• Subjects: salmon oil; transesterification; isoamyl alcohol; optimization; response surface methodology; Technology; T; Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering; TK1-9971; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General); TA1-2040; Microscopy; QH201-278.5; Descriptive and experimental mechanics; QC120-168.85; Atlantic salmon; Salmo salar
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16031185; https://doaj.org/article/22271bf76eb34dd090f29d320cdbe845

In this experimental study, biodiesel was synthesized from the salmon oil using the Lipozyme ® RM IM (Bagsværd, Denmark) as a biocatalyst. Isoamyl alcohol was used as an acyl acceptor in the transesterification process. The aim of this study is to select the best process conditions, aiming to obtain the highest transesterification degree that meets the requirements of the EN 14214 standard. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for statistical analysis and optimization of process parameters. A four-factor experimental design was modelled by central compositional design (CCD) to investigate the effects of biocatalyst concentration, isoamyl alcohol-to-oil molar ratio, temperature, and duration on transesterification degree. It was determined that the optimal parameters for biodiesel synthesis were the following: an enzyme concentration of 11% (wt. of oil mass); a process temperature of 45 °C; a process duration of 4 h; and an alcohol-to-oil molar ratio of 6:1. The transesterification degree of biodiesel reached 87.23%. The stepwise addition of isoamyl alcohol during the transesterification process further increased the degree of transesterification to 96.5%.