Indoor residual spraying for malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa 1997 to 2017: an adjusted retrospective analysis
Abstract Background Indoor residual spraying (IRS) is a key tool for controlling and eliminating malaria by targeting vectors. To support the development of effective intervention strategies it is important to understand the impact of vector control tools on malaria incidence and on the spread of in...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:20b051fba4cb4c42b3ff2bce3cde6c1c 2023-05-15T15:15:28+02:00 Indoor residual spraying for malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa 1997 to 2017: an adjusted retrospective analysis Julie-Anne A. Tangena Chantal M. J. Hendriks Maria Devine Meghan Tammaro Anna E. Trett Ignatius Williams Adilson José DePina Achamylesh Sisay Ramandimbiarijaona Herizo Hmooda Toto Kafy Elizabeth Chizema Allan Were Jennifer Rozier Michael Coleman Catherine L. Moyes 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03216-6 https://doaj.org/article/20b051fba4cb4c42b3ff2bce3cde6c1c EN eng BMC http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-020-03216-6 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-020-03216-6 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/20b051fba4cb4c42b3ff2bce3cde6c1c Malaria Journal, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2020) Indoor residual spraying Malaria control Carbamates Organochlorines Organophosphates Pyrethroids Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03216-6 2022-12-31T01:48:59Z Abstract Background Indoor residual spraying (IRS) is a key tool for controlling and eliminating malaria by targeting vectors. To support the development of effective intervention strategies it is important to understand the impact of vector control tools on malaria incidence and on the spread of insecticide resistance. In 2006, the World Health Organization (WHO) stated that countries should report on coverage and impact of IRS, yet IRS coverage data are still sparse and unspecific. Here, the subnational coverage of IRS across sub-Saharan Africa for the four main insecticide classes from 1997 to 2017 were estimated. Methods Data on IRS deployment were collated from a variety of sources, including the President’s Malaria Initiative spray reports and National Malaria Control Programme reports, for all 46 malaria-endemic countries in sub-Saharan Africa from 1997 to 2017. The data were mapped to the applicable administrative divisions and the proportion of households sprayed for each of the four main insecticide classes; carbamates, organochlorines, organophosphates and pyrethroids was calculated. Results The number of countries implementing IRS increased considerably over time, although the focal nature of deployment means the number of people protected remains low. From 1997 to 2010, DDT and pyrethroids were commonly used, then partly replaced by carbamates from 2011 and by organophosphates from 2013. IRS deployment since the publication of resistance management guidelines has typically avoided overlap between pyrethroid IRS and ITN use. However, annual rotations of insecticide classes with differing modes of action are not routinely used. Conclusion This study highlights the gaps between policy and practice, emphasizing the continuing potential of IRS to drive resistance. The data presented here can improve studies on the impact of IRS on malaria incidence and help to guide future malaria control efforts. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 19 1 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Indoor residual spraying Malaria control Carbamates Organochlorines Organophosphates Pyrethroids Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
spellingShingle |
Indoor residual spraying Malaria control Carbamates Organochlorines Organophosphates Pyrethroids Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Julie-Anne A. Tangena Chantal M. J. Hendriks Maria Devine Meghan Tammaro Anna E. Trett Ignatius Williams Adilson José DePina Achamylesh Sisay Ramandimbiarijaona Herizo Hmooda Toto Kafy Elizabeth Chizema Allan Were Jennifer Rozier Michael Coleman Catherine L. Moyes Indoor residual spraying for malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa 1997 to 2017: an adjusted retrospective analysis |
topic_facet |
Indoor residual spraying Malaria control Carbamates Organochlorines Organophosphates Pyrethroids Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background Indoor residual spraying (IRS) is a key tool for controlling and eliminating malaria by targeting vectors. To support the development of effective intervention strategies it is important to understand the impact of vector control tools on malaria incidence and on the spread of insecticide resistance. In 2006, the World Health Organization (WHO) stated that countries should report on coverage and impact of IRS, yet IRS coverage data are still sparse and unspecific. Here, the subnational coverage of IRS across sub-Saharan Africa for the four main insecticide classes from 1997 to 2017 were estimated. Methods Data on IRS deployment were collated from a variety of sources, including the President’s Malaria Initiative spray reports and National Malaria Control Programme reports, for all 46 malaria-endemic countries in sub-Saharan Africa from 1997 to 2017. The data were mapped to the applicable administrative divisions and the proportion of households sprayed for each of the four main insecticide classes; carbamates, organochlorines, organophosphates and pyrethroids was calculated. Results The number of countries implementing IRS increased considerably over time, although the focal nature of deployment means the number of people protected remains low. From 1997 to 2010, DDT and pyrethroids were commonly used, then partly replaced by carbamates from 2011 and by organophosphates from 2013. IRS deployment since the publication of resistance management guidelines has typically avoided overlap between pyrethroid IRS and ITN use. However, annual rotations of insecticide classes with differing modes of action are not routinely used. Conclusion This study highlights the gaps between policy and practice, emphasizing the continuing potential of IRS to drive resistance. The data presented here can improve studies on the impact of IRS on malaria incidence and help to guide future malaria control efforts. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Julie-Anne A. Tangena Chantal M. J. Hendriks Maria Devine Meghan Tammaro Anna E. Trett Ignatius Williams Adilson José DePina Achamylesh Sisay Ramandimbiarijaona Herizo Hmooda Toto Kafy Elizabeth Chizema Allan Were Jennifer Rozier Michael Coleman Catherine L. Moyes |
author_facet |
Julie-Anne A. Tangena Chantal M. J. Hendriks Maria Devine Meghan Tammaro Anna E. Trett Ignatius Williams Adilson José DePina Achamylesh Sisay Ramandimbiarijaona Herizo Hmooda Toto Kafy Elizabeth Chizema Allan Were Jennifer Rozier Michael Coleman Catherine L. Moyes |
author_sort |
Julie-Anne A. Tangena |
title |
Indoor residual spraying for malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa 1997 to 2017: an adjusted retrospective analysis |
title_short |
Indoor residual spraying for malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa 1997 to 2017: an adjusted retrospective analysis |
title_full |
Indoor residual spraying for malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa 1997 to 2017: an adjusted retrospective analysis |
title_fullStr |
Indoor residual spraying for malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa 1997 to 2017: an adjusted retrospective analysis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Indoor residual spraying for malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa 1997 to 2017: an adjusted retrospective analysis |
title_sort |
indoor residual spraying for malaria control in sub-saharan africa 1997 to 2017: an adjusted retrospective analysis |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03216-6 https://doaj.org/article/20b051fba4cb4c42b3ff2bce3cde6c1c |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2020) |
op_relation |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-020-03216-6 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-020-03216-6 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/20b051fba4cb4c42b3ff2bce3cde6c1c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03216-6 |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766345835109416960 |