Comparison of the effects of reef and anthropogenic soundscapes on oyster larvae settlement

• Published in: Scientific Reports
• Main Authors: Sarah Schmidlin, Clea Parcerisas, Jeroen Hubert, Maryann S. Watson, Jan Mees, Dick Botteldooren, Paul Devos, Elisabeth Debusschere, Pascal I. Hablützel
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Nature Portfolio 2024
• Subjects: Larvae settlement; Underwater noise; Noise pollution; Soundscapes; Settlement cue; Oyster reef ecology; Medicine; R; Science; Q; Pacific oyster
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-63322-2; https://doaj.org/article/1f8ea33c38ed4128ac4637c5883882bc

Abstract Settlement is a critical period in the life cycle of marine invertebrates with a planktonic larval stage. For reef-building invertebrates such as oysters and corals, settlement rates are predictive for long-term reef survival. Increasing evidence suggests that marine invertebrates use information from ocean soundscapes to inform settlement decisions. Sessile marine invertebrates with a planktonic stage are particularly reliant on environmental cues to direct them to ideal habitats. As gregarious settlers, oysters prefer to settle amongst members of the same species. It has been hypothesized that oyster larvae from species Crassostrea virginica and Ostrea angasi use distinct conspecific oyster reef sounds to navigate to ideal habitats. In controlled laboratory experiments we exposed Pacific Oyster Magallana gigas larvae to anthropogenic sounds from conspecific oyster reefs, vessels, combined reef-vessel sounds as well as off-reef and no speaker controls. Our findings show that sounds recorded at conspecific reefs induced higher percentages of settlement by about 1.44 and 1.64 times compared to off-reef and no speaker controls, respectively. In contrast, the settlement increase compared to the no speaker control was non-significant for vessel sounds (1.21 fold), combined reef-vessel sounds (1.30 fold), and off-reef sounds (1.18 fold). This study serves as a foundational stepping stone for exploring larval sound feature preferences within this species.