Modeling the Multidimensional Predictors of Multisite Musculoskeletal Pain Across Adulthood—A Generalized Estimating Equations Approach
Background: Multisite pain is commonly chronic and often lacks its initial role as a potential tissue damage signal. Chronic pain among working-age individuals is a risk for disability and imposes a major burden on health care systems and society. As effective treatments for chronic pain are largely...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:1da5b5e1763c4a9ca51551476ce198e9 2023-05-15T17:42:49+02:00 Modeling the Multidimensional Predictors of Multisite Musculoskeletal Pain Across Adulthood—A Generalized Estimating Equations Approach Ville-Heikki Ahlholm Viljami Rönkkö Leena Ala-Mursula Jaro Karppinen Petteri Oura 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.709778 https://doaj.org/article/1da5b5e1763c4a9ca51551476ce198e9 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.709778/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-2565 2296-2565 doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.709778 https://doaj.org/article/1da5b5e1763c4a9ca51551476ce198e9 Frontiers in Public Health, Vol 9 (2021) musculoskeletal pain lifestyle socioeconomic occupational exposure psychological factors epidemiology Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.709778 2022-12-31T12:51:02Z Background: Multisite pain is commonly chronic and often lacks its initial role as a potential tissue damage signal. Chronic pain among working-age individuals is a risk for disability and imposes a major burden on health care systems and society. As effective treatments for chronic pain are largely lacking, better identification of the factors associated with pain over working years is needed.Methods: Members of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 participated in data collection at the ages of 31 (n = 4,028) and 46 (n = 3,429). Using these two time points, we performed a multivariable analysis of the association of socioeconomic, occupational, psychological and lifestyle factors (i.e., low education, living alone, low household income, unemployment, occupational physical exposures [hard physical labor, leaning forward, back twisting, constant moving, lifting loads of ≥ 1 kg], physical inactivity, regular smoking, regular drinking, overweight, and psychiatric symptoms) with the number of musculoskeletal pain sites (i.e., upper extremity, lower extremity, lower back, and the neck-shoulder region; totalling 0–4 pain sites). The data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations.Results: At the age of 31, multisite pain was reported by 72.5% of men and 78.6% of women. At the age of 46, the prevalence of multisite pain was 75.7% among men and 82.7% among women. Among men, the number of pain sites was positively associated with age (rate ratio 1.05, 95% confidence interval 1.01–1.08), low household income (1.05, 1.01–1.08), unemployment (1.13, 1.06–1.19), any occupational exposure (1.17, 1.12–1.22), regular smoking (1.06, 1.02–1.11), and psychiatric symptoms (1.21, 1.17–1.26). Among women, the number of pain sites was positively associated with age (1.06, 1.04–1.10), unemployment (1.10, 1.05–1.15), any occupational exposure (1.10, 1.06–1.13), regular smoking (1.06, 1.02–1.10), overweight (1.08, 1.05–1.11), and psychiatric symptoms (1.19, 1.15–1.22); living alone was negatively associated with the number of ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Northern Finland Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Frontiers in Public Health 9 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
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English |
topic |
musculoskeletal pain lifestyle socioeconomic occupational exposure psychological factors epidemiology Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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musculoskeletal pain lifestyle socioeconomic occupational exposure psychological factors epidemiology Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Ville-Heikki Ahlholm Viljami Rönkkö Leena Ala-Mursula Jaro Karppinen Petteri Oura Modeling the Multidimensional Predictors of Multisite Musculoskeletal Pain Across Adulthood—A Generalized Estimating Equations Approach |
topic_facet |
musculoskeletal pain lifestyle socioeconomic occupational exposure psychological factors epidemiology Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Background: Multisite pain is commonly chronic and often lacks its initial role as a potential tissue damage signal. Chronic pain among working-age individuals is a risk for disability and imposes a major burden on health care systems and society. As effective treatments for chronic pain are largely lacking, better identification of the factors associated with pain over working years is needed.Methods: Members of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 participated in data collection at the ages of 31 (n = 4,028) and 46 (n = 3,429). Using these two time points, we performed a multivariable analysis of the association of socioeconomic, occupational, psychological and lifestyle factors (i.e., low education, living alone, low household income, unemployment, occupational physical exposures [hard physical labor, leaning forward, back twisting, constant moving, lifting loads of ≥ 1 kg], physical inactivity, regular smoking, regular drinking, overweight, and psychiatric symptoms) with the number of musculoskeletal pain sites (i.e., upper extremity, lower extremity, lower back, and the neck-shoulder region; totalling 0–4 pain sites). The data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations.Results: At the age of 31, multisite pain was reported by 72.5% of men and 78.6% of women. At the age of 46, the prevalence of multisite pain was 75.7% among men and 82.7% among women. Among men, the number of pain sites was positively associated with age (rate ratio 1.05, 95% confidence interval 1.01–1.08), low household income (1.05, 1.01–1.08), unemployment (1.13, 1.06–1.19), any occupational exposure (1.17, 1.12–1.22), regular smoking (1.06, 1.02–1.11), and psychiatric symptoms (1.21, 1.17–1.26). Among women, the number of pain sites was positively associated with age (1.06, 1.04–1.10), unemployment (1.10, 1.05–1.15), any occupational exposure (1.10, 1.06–1.13), regular smoking (1.06, 1.02–1.10), overweight (1.08, 1.05–1.11), and psychiatric symptoms (1.19, 1.15–1.22); living alone was negatively associated with the number of ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ville-Heikki Ahlholm Viljami Rönkkö Leena Ala-Mursula Jaro Karppinen Petteri Oura |
author_facet |
Ville-Heikki Ahlholm Viljami Rönkkö Leena Ala-Mursula Jaro Karppinen Petteri Oura |
author_sort |
Ville-Heikki Ahlholm |
title |
Modeling the Multidimensional Predictors of Multisite Musculoskeletal Pain Across Adulthood—A Generalized Estimating Equations Approach |
title_short |
Modeling the Multidimensional Predictors of Multisite Musculoskeletal Pain Across Adulthood—A Generalized Estimating Equations Approach |
title_full |
Modeling the Multidimensional Predictors of Multisite Musculoskeletal Pain Across Adulthood—A Generalized Estimating Equations Approach |
title_fullStr |
Modeling the Multidimensional Predictors of Multisite Musculoskeletal Pain Across Adulthood—A Generalized Estimating Equations Approach |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modeling the Multidimensional Predictors of Multisite Musculoskeletal Pain Across Adulthood—A Generalized Estimating Equations Approach |
title_sort |
modeling the multidimensional predictors of multisite musculoskeletal pain across adulthood—a generalized estimating equations approach |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.709778 https://doaj.org/article/1da5b5e1763c4a9ca51551476ce198e9 |
genre |
Northern Finland |
genre_facet |
Northern Finland |
op_source |
Frontiers in Public Health, Vol 9 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.709778/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-2565 2296-2565 doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.709778 https://doaj.org/article/1da5b5e1763c4a9ca51551476ce198e9 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.709778 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Public Health |
container_volume |
9 |
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1766144744996470784 |