Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology
The life course perspective, the risky families model, and stress-and-coping models provide the rationale for assessing the role of smoking as a mediator in the association between childhood adversity and anxious and depressive symptomatology (ADS) in adulthood. However, no previous study has assess...
Published in: | Frontiers in Psychology |
---|---|
Main Author: | |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2017
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317 https://doaj.org/article/1d955ad0b7f94604a84ffdaad750ae61 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:1d955ad0b7f94604a84ffdaad750ae61 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:1d955ad0b7f94604a84ffdaad750ae61 2023-05-15T18:34:22+02:00 Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology Mashhood Ahmed Sheikh 2017-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317 https://doaj.org/article/1d955ad0b7f94604a84ffdaad750ae61 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-1078 1664-1078 doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317 https://doaj.org/article/1d955ad0b7f94604a84ffdaad750ae61 Frontiers in Psychology, Vol 8 (2017) direct effect proportion of mediated effect decomposition mediation confounding anxiety Psychology BF1-990 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317 2022-12-31T15:01:36Z The life course perspective, the risky families model, and stress-and-coping models provide the rationale for assessing the role of smoking as a mediator in the association between childhood adversity and anxious and depressive symptomatology (ADS) in adulthood. However, no previous study has assessed the independent mediating role of smoking in the association between childhood adversity and ADS in adulthood. Moreover, the importance of mediator-response confounding variables has rarely been demonstrated empirically in social and psychiatric epidemiology. The aim of this paper was to (i) assess the mediating role of smoking in adulthood in the association between childhood adversity and ADS in adulthood, and (ii) assess the change in estimates due to different mediator-response confounding factors (education, alcohol intake, and social support). The present analysis used data collected from 1994 to 2008 within the framework of the Tromsø Study (N = 4,530), a representative prospective cohort study of men and women. Seven childhood adversities (low mother's education, low father's education, low financial conditions, exposure to passive smoke, psychological abuse, physical abuse, and substance abuse distress) were used to create a childhood adversity score. Smoking status was measured at a mean age of 54.7 years (Tromsø IV), and ADS in adulthood was measured at a mean age of 61.7 years (Tromsø V). Mediation analysis was used to assess the indirect effect and the proportion of mediated effect (%) of childhood adversity on ADS in adulthood via smoking in adulthood. The test-retest reliability of smoking was good (Kappa: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.63; 0.71) in this sample. Childhood adversity was associated with a 10% increased risk of smoking in adulthood (Relative risk: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03; 1.18), and both childhood adversity and smoking in adulthood were associated with greater levels of ADS in adulthood (p < 0.001). Smoking in adulthood did not significantly mediate the association between childhood adversity and ADS in ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Tromsø Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Tromsø Frontiers in Psychology 8 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
direct effect proportion of mediated effect decomposition mediation confounding anxiety Psychology BF1-990 |
spellingShingle |
direct effect proportion of mediated effect decomposition mediation confounding anxiety Psychology BF1-990 Mashhood Ahmed Sheikh Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology |
topic_facet |
direct effect proportion of mediated effect decomposition mediation confounding anxiety Psychology BF1-990 |
description |
The life course perspective, the risky families model, and stress-and-coping models provide the rationale for assessing the role of smoking as a mediator in the association between childhood adversity and anxious and depressive symptomatology (ADS) in adulthood. However, no previous study has assessed the independent mediating role of smoking in the association between childhood adversity and ADS in adulthood. Moreover, the importance of mediator-response confounding variables has rarely been demonstrated empirically in social and psychiatric epidemiology. The aim of this paper was to (i) assess the mediating role of smoking in adulthood in the association between childhood adversity and ADS in adulthood, and (ii) assess the change in estimates due to different mediator-response confounding factors (education, alcohol intake, and social support). The present analysis used data collected from 1994 to 2008 within the framework of the Tromsø Study (N = 4,530), a representative prospective cohort study of men and women. Seven childhood adversities (low mother's education, low father's education, low financial conditions, exposure to passive smoke, psychological abuse, physical abuse, and substance abuse distress) were used to create a childhood adversity score. Smoking status was measured at a mean age of 54.7 years (Tromsø IV), and ADS in adulthood was measured at a mean age of 61.7 years (Tromsø V). Mediation analysis was used to assess the indirect effect and the proportion of mediated effect (%) of childhood adversity on ADS in adulthood via smoking in adulthood. The test-retest reliability of smoking was good (Kappa: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.63; 0.71) in this sample. Childhood adversity was associated with a 10% increased risk of smoking in adulthood (Relative risk: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03; 1.18), and both childhood adversity and smoking in adulthood were associated with greater levels of ADS in adulthood (p < 0.001). Smoking in adulthood did not significantly mediate the association between childhood adversity and ADS in ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mashhood Ahmed Sheikh |
author_facet |
Mashhood Ahmed Sheikh |
author_sort |
Mashhood Ahmed Sheikh |
title |
Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology |
title_short |
Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology |
title_full |
Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology |
title_fullStr |
Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology |
title_full_unstemmed |
Confounding and Statistical Significance of Indirect Effects: Childhood Adversity, Education, Smoking, and Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology |
title_sort |
confounding and statistical significance of indirect effects: childhood adversity, education, smoking, and anxious and depressive symptomatology |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317 https://doaj.org/article/1d955ad0b7f94604a84ffdaad750ae61 |
geographic |
Tromsø |
geographic_facet |
Tromsø |
genre |
Tromsø |
genre_facet |
Tromsø |
op_source |
Frontiers in Psychology, Vol 8 (2017) |
op_relation |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-1078 1664-1078 doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317 https://doaj.org/article/1d955ad0b7f94604a84ffdaad750ae61 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01317 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Psychology |
container_volume |
8 |
_version_ |
1766219083205836800 |