Identification and Distribution of Novel Cressdnaviruses and Circular molecules in Four Penguin Species in South Georgia and the Antarctic Peninsula
There is growing interest in uncovering the viral diversity present in wild animal species. The remote Antarctic region is home to a wealth of uncovered microbial diversity, some of which is associated with its megafauna, including penguin species, the dominant avian biota. Penguins interface with a...
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MDPI AG
2020
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/v12091029 https://doaj.org/article/1d7a2a4b8dad40dd8e8a492bd1394bcb |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:1d7a2a4b8dad40dd8e8a492bd1394bcb 2023-05-15T14:02:16+02:00 Identification and Distribution of Novel Cressdnaviruses and Circular molecules in Four Penguin Species in South Georgia and the Antarctic Peninsula Hila Levy Rafaela S. Fontenele Ciara Harding Crystal Suazo Simona Kraberger Kara Schmidlin Anni Djurhuus Caitlin E. Black Tom Hart Adrian L. Smith Arvind Varsani 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/v12091029 https://doaj.org/article/1d7a2a4b8dad40dd8e8a492bd1394bcb EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/9/1029 https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4915 doi:10.3390/v12091029 1999-4915 https://doaj.org/article/1d7a2a4b8dad40dd8e8a492bd1394bcb Viruses, Vol 12, Iss 1029, p 1029 (2020) Cressdnaviricota circular molecules penguins viruses Antarctica Pygoscelis antarcticus Microbiology QR1-502 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/v12091029 2022-12-31T12:23:58Z There is growing interest in uncovering the viral diversity present in wild animal species. The remote Antarctic region is home to a wealth of uncovered microbial diversity, some of which is associated with its megafauna, including penguin species, the dominant avian biota. Penguins interface with a number of other biota in their roles as marine mesopredators and several species overlap in their ranges and habitats. To characterize the circular single-stranded viruses related to those in the phylum Cressdnaviricota from these environmental sentinel species, cloacal swabs ( n = 95) were obtained from King Penguins in South Georgia, and congeneric Adélie Penguins, Chinstrap Penguins, and Gentoo Penguins across the South Shetland Islands and Antarctic Peninsula. Using a combination of high-throughput sequencing, abutting primers-based PCR recovery of circular genomic elements, cloning, and Sanger sequencing, we detected 97 novel sequences comprising 40 ssDNA viral genomes and 57 viral-like circular molecules from 45 individual penguins. We present their detection patterns, with Chinstrap Penguins harboring the highest number of new sequences. The novel Antarctic viruses identified appear to be host-specific, while one circular molecule was shared between sympatric Chinstrap and Gentoo Penguins. We also report viral genotype sharing between three adult-chick pairs, one in each Pygoscelid species. Sequence similarity network approaches coupled with Maximum likelihood phylogenies of the clusters indicate the 40 novel viral genomes do not fall within any known viral families and likely fall within the recently established phylum Cressdnaviricota based on their replication-associated protein sequences. Similarly, 83 capsid protein sequences encoded by the viruses or viral-like circular molecules identified in this study do not cluster with any of those encoded by classified viral groups. Further research is warranted to expand knowledge of the Antarctic virome and would help elucidate the importance of viral-like ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica antarcticus King Penguins South Shetland Islands Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula South Shetland Islands Viruses 12 9 1029 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Cressdnaviricota circular molecules penguins viruses Antarctica Pygoscelis antarcticus Microbiology QR1-502 |
spellingShingle |
Cressdnaviricota circular molecules penguins viruses Antarctica Pygoscelis antarcticus Microbiology QR1-502 Hila Levy Rafaela S. Fontenele Ciara Harding Crystal Suazo Simona Kraberger Kara Schmidlin Anni Djurhuus Caitlin E. Black Tom Hart Adrian L. Smith Arvind Varsani Identification and Distribution of Novel Cressdnaviruses and Circular molecules in Four Penguin Species in South Georgia and the Antarctic Peninsula |
topic_facet |
Cressdnaviricota circular molecules penguins viruses Antarctica Pygoscelis antarcticus Microbiology QR1-502 |
description |
There is growing interest in uncovering the viral diversity present in wild animal species. The remote Antarctic region is home to a wealth of uncovered microbial diversity, some of which is associated with its megafauna, including penguin species, the dominant avian biota. Penguins interface with a number of other biota in their roles as marine mesopredators and several species overlap in their ranges and habitats. To characterize the circular single-stranded viruses related to those in the phylum Cressdnaviricota from these environmental sentinel species, cloacal swabs ( n = 95) were obtained from King Penguins in South Georgia, and congeneric Adélie Penguins, Chinstrap Penguins, and Gentoo Penguins across the South Shetland Islands and Antarctic Peninsula. Using a combination of high-throughput sequencing, abutting primers-based PCR recovery of circular genomic elements, cloning, and Sanger sequencing, we detected 97 novel sequences comprising 40 ssDNA viral genomes and 57 viral-like circular molecules from 45 individual penguins. We present their detection patterns, with Chinstrap Penguins harboring the highest number of new sequences. The novel Antarctic viruses identified appear to be host-specific, while one circular molecule was shared between sympatric Chinstrap and Gentoo Penguins. We also report viral genotype sharing between three adult-chick pairs, one in each Pygoscelid species. Sequence similarity network approaches coupled with Maximum likelihood phylogenies of the clusters indicate the 40 novel viral genomes do not fall within any known viral families and likely fall within the recently established phylum Cressdnaviricota based on their replication-associated protein sequences. Similarly, 83 capsid protein sequences encoded by the viruses or viral-like circular molecules identified in this study do not cluster with any of those encoded by classified viral groups. Further research is warranted to expand knowledge of the Antarctic virome and would help elucidate the importance of viral-like ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hila Levy Rafaela S. Fontenele Ciara Harding Crystal Suazo Simona Kraberger Kara Schmidlin Anni Djurhuus Caitlin E. Black Tom Hart Adrian L. Smith Arvind Varsani |
author_facet |
Hila Levy Rafaela S. Fontenele Ciara Harding Crystal Suazo Simona Kraberger Kara Schmidlin Anni Djurhuus Caitlin E. Black Tom Hart Adrian L. Smith Arvind Varsani |
author_sort |
Hila Levy |
title |
Identification and Distribution of Novel Cressdnaviruses and Circular molecules in Four Penguin Species in South Georgia and the Antarctic Peninsula |
title_short |
Identification and Distribution of Novel Cressdnaviruses and Circular molecules in Four Penguin Species in South Georgia and the Antarctic Peninsula |
title_full |
Identification and Distribution of Novel Cressdnaviruses and Circular molecules in Four Penguin Species in South Georgia and the Antarctic Peninsula |
title_fullStr |
Identification and Distribution of Novel Cressdnaviruses and Circular molecules in Four Penguin Species in South Georgia and the Antarctic Peninsula |
title_full_unstemmed |
Identification and Distribution of Novel Cressdnaviruses and Circular molecules in Four Penguin Species in South Georgia and the Antarctic Peninsula |
title_sort |
identification and distribution of novel cressdnaviruses and circular molecules in four penguin species in south georgia and the antarctic peninsula |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/v12091029 https://doaj.org/article/1d7a2a4b8dad40dd8e8a492bd1394bcb |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula South Shetland Islands |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula South Shetland Islands |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica antarcticus King Penguins South Shetland Islands |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica antarcticus King Penguins South Shetland Islands |
op_source |
Viruses, Vol 12, Iss 1029, p 1029 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/9/1029 https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4915 doi:10.3390/v12091029 1999-4915 https://doaj.org/article/1d7a2a4b8dad40dd8e8a492bd1394bcb |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/v12091029 |
container_title |
Viruses |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
1029 |
_version_ |
1766272414321213440 |