In Vivo Characterization of a Bank Vole-Derived Cowpox Virus Isolate in Natural Hosts and the Rat Model
Cowpox virus (CPXV) belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus in the Poxviridae family and is endemic in western Eurasia. Based on seroprevalence studies in different voles from continental Europe and UK, voles are suspected to be the major reservoir host. Recently, a CPXV was isolated from a bank vole ( M...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:1d322dd47fb742829f7c30cdcdb2cb27 2023-05-15T15:56:38+02:00 In Vivo Characterization of a Bank Vole-Derived Cowpox Virus Isolate in Natural Hosts and the Rat Model Saskia Weber Kathrin Jeske Rainer G. Ulrich Christian Imholt Jens Jacob Martin Beer Donata Hoffmann 2020-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/v12020237 https://doaj.org/article/1d322dd47fb742829f7c30cdcdb2cb27 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/2/237 https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4915 1999-4915 doi:10.3390/v12020237 https://doaj.org/article/1d322dd47fb742829f7c30cdcdb2cb27 Viruses, Vol 12, Iss 2, p 237 (2020) cowpox virus (cpxv) orthopoxvirus bank vole ( myodes glareolus ) common vole ( microtus arvalis ) reservoir host animal model Microbiology QR1-502 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/v12020237 2022-12-31T14:44:04Z Cowpox virus (CPXV) belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus in the Poxviridae family and is endemic in western Eurasia. Based on seroprevalence studies in different voles from continental Europe and UK, voles are suspected to be the major reservoir host. Recently, a CPXV was isolated from a bank vole ( Myodes glareolus ) in Germany that showed a high genetic similarity to another isolate originating from a Cotton-top tamarin ( Saguinus oedipus ). Here we characterize this first bank vole-derived CPXV isolate in comparison to the related tamarin-derived isolate. Both isolates grouped genetically within the provisionally called CPXV-like 3 clade. Previous phylogenetic analysis indicated that CPXV is polyphyletic and CPXV-like 3 clade represents probably a different species if categorized by the rules used for other orthopoxviruses. Experimental infection studies with bank voles, common voles ( Microtus arvalis ) and Wistar rats showed very clear differences. The bank vole isolate was avirulent in both common voles and Wistar rats with seroconversion seen only in the rats. In contrast, inoculated bank voles exhibited viral shedding and seroconversion for both tested CPXV isolates. In addition, bank voles infected with the tamarin-derived isolate experienced a marked weight loss. Our findings allow for the conclusion that CPXV isolates might differ in their replication capacity in different vole species and rats depending on their original host. Moreover, the results indicate host-specific differences concerning CPXV-specific virulence. Further experiments are needed to identify individual virulence and host factors involved in the susceptibility and outcome of CPXV-infections in the different reservoir hosts. Article in Journal/Newspaper Common vole Microtus arvalis Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Viruses 12 2 237 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
cowpox virus (cpxv) orthopoxvirus bank vole ( myodes glareolus ) common vole ( microtus arvalis ) reservoir host animal model Microbiology QR1-502 |
spellingShingle |
cowpox virus (cpxv) orthopoxvirus bank vole ( myodes glareolus ) common vole ( microtus arvalis ) reservoir host animal model Microbiology QR1-502 Saskia Weber Kathrin Jeske Rainer G. Ulrich Christian Imholt Jens Jacob Martin Beer Donata Hoffmann In Vivo Characterization of a Bank Vole-Derived Cowpox Virus Isolate in Natural Hosts and the Rat Model |
topic_facet |
cowpox virus (cpxv) orthopoxvirus bank vole ( myodes glareolus ) common vole ( microtus arvalis ) reservoir host animal model Microbiology QR1-502 |
description |
Cowpox virus (CPXV) belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus in the Poxviridae family and is endemic in western Eurasia. Based on seroprevalence studies in different voles from continental Europe and UK, voles are suspected to be the major reservoir host. Recently, a CPXV was isolated from a bank vole ( Myodes glareolus ) in Germany that showed a high genetic similarity to another isolate originating from a Cotton-top tamarin ( Saguinus oedipus ). Here we characterize this first bank vole-derived CPXV isolate in comparison to the related tamarin-derived isolate. Both isolates grouped genetically within the provisionally called CPXV-like 3 clade. Previous phylogenetic analysis indicated that CPXV is polyphyletic and CPXV-like 3 clade represents probably a different species if categorized by the rules used for other orthopoxviruses. Experimental infection studies with bank voles, common voles ( Microtus arvalis ) and Wistar rats showed very clear differences. The bank vole isolate was avirulent in both common voles and Wistar rats with seroconversion seen only in the rats. In contrast, inoculated bank voles exhibited viral shedding and seroconversion for both tested CPXV isolates. In addition, bank voles infected with the tamarin-derived isolate experienced a marked weight loss. Our findings allow for the conclusion that CPXV isolates might differ in their replication capacity in different vole species and rats depending on their original host. Moreover, the results indicate host-specific differences concerning CPXV-specific virulence. Further experiments are needed to identify individual virulence and host factors involved in the susceptibility and outcome of CPXV-infections in the different reservoir hosts. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Saskia Weber Kathrin Jeske Rainer G. Ulrich Christian Imholt Jens Jacob Martin Beer Donata Hoffmann |
author_facet |
Saskia Weber Kathrin Jeske Rainer G. Ulrich Christian Imholt Jens Jacob Martin Beer Donata Hoffmann |
author_sort |
Saskia Weber |
title |
In Vivo Characterization of a Bank Vole-Derived Cowpox Virus Isolate in Natural Hosts and the Rat Model |
title_short |
In Vivo Characterization of a Bank Vole-Derived Cowpox Virus Isolate in Natural Hosts and the Rat Model |
title_full |
In Vivo Characterization of a Bank Vole-Derived Cowpox Virus Isolate in Natural Hosts and the Rat Model |
title_fullStr |
In Vivo Characterization of a Bank Vole-Derived Cowpox Virus Isolate in Natural Hosts and the Rat Model |
title_full_unstemmed |
In Vivo Characterization of a Bank Vole-Derived Cowpox Virus Isolate in Natural Hosts and the Rat Model |
title_sort |
in vivo characterization of a bank vole-derived cowpox virus isolate in natural hosts and the rat model |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/v12020237 https://doaj.org/article/1d322dd47fb742829f7c30cdcdb2cb27 |
genre |
Common vole Microtus arvalis |
genre_facet |
Common vole Microtus arvalis |
op_source |
Viruses, Vol 12, Iss 2, p 237 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/2/237 https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4915 1999-4915 doi:10.3390/v12020237 https://doaj.org/article/1d322dd47fb742829f7c30cdcdb2cb27 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/v12020237 |
container_title |
Viruses |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
237 |
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1766392029526360064 |