Contributions of Nordic anthropogenic emissions on air pollution and premature mortality over the Nordic region and the Arctic
This modeling study presents the sectoral contributions of anthropogenic emissions in the four Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden) on air pollution levels and the associated health impacts and costs over the Nordic and the Arctic regions for the year 2015. The Danish Eulerian Hemi...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:1cc6aeb768864bf7b8c1eaac44f91894 2023-05-15T15:03:36+02:00 Contributions of Nordic anthropogenic emissions on air pollution and premature mortality over the Nordic region and the Arctic U. Im J. H. Christensen O.-K. Nielsen M. Sand R. Makkonen C. Geels C. Anderson J. Kukkonen S. Lopez-Aparicio J. Brandt 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12975-2019 https://doaj.org/article/1cc6aeb768864bf7b8c1eaac44f91894 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/12975/2019/acp-19-12975-2019.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7316 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7324 doi:10.5194/acp-19-12975-2019 1680-7316 1680-7324 https://doaj.org/article/1cc6aeb768864bf7b8c1eaac44f91894 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 19, Pp 12975-12992 (2019) Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12975-2019 2022-12-31T00:40:08Z This modeling study presents the sectoral contributions of anthropogenic emissions in the four Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden) on air pollution levels and the associated health impacts and costs over the Nordic and the Arctic regions for the year 2015. The Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model (DEHM) has been used on a 50 km resolution over Europe in tagged mode in order to calculate the response of a 30 % reduction of each emission sector in each Nordic country individually. The emission sectors considered in the study were energy production, non-industrial/commercial heating, industry, traffic, off-road mobile sources and waste management/agriculture. In total, 28 simulations were carried out. Following the air pollution modeling, the Economic Valuation of Air Pollution (EVA) model has been used to calculate the associated premature mortality and their costs. Results showed that more than 80 % of the PM 2.5 concentration was attributed to transport from outside these four countries, implying an effort outside the Nordic region in order to decrease the pollutant levels over the area. The leading emission sector in each country was found to be non-industrial combustion (contributing by more than 60 % to the total PM 2.5 mass coming from the country itself), except for Sweden, where industry contributed to PM 2.5 with a comparable amount to non-industrial combustion. In addition to non-industrial combustion, the next most important source categories were industry, agriculture and traffic. The main chemical constituent of PM 2.5 concentrations that comes from the country itself is calculated to be organic carbon in all countries, which suggested that non-industrial wood burning was the dominant national source of pollution in the Nordic countries. We have estimated the total number of premature mortality cases due to air pollution to be around 4000 in Denmark and Sweden and around 2000 in Finland and Norway. These premature mortality cases led to a total cost of EUR 7 billion in the selected ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Norway Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19 20 12975 12992 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
topic |
Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 |
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Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 U. Im J. H. Christensen O.-K. Nielsen M. Sand R. Makkonen C. Geels C. Anderson J. Kukkonen S. Lopez-Aparicio J. Brandt Contributions of Nordic anthropogenic emissions on air pollution and premature mortality over the Nordic region and the Arctic |
topic_facet |
Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 |
description |
This modeling study presents the sectoral contributions of anthropogenic emissions in the four Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden) on air pollution levels and the associated health impacts and costs over the Nordic and the Arctic regions for the year 2015. The Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model (DEHM) has been used on a 50 km resolution over Europe in tagged mode in order to calculate the response of a 30 % reduction of each emission sector in each Nordic country individually. The emission sectors considered in the study were energy production, non-industrial/commercial heating, industry, traffic, off-road mobile sources and waste management/agriculture. In total, 28 simulations were carried out. Following the air pollution modeling, the Economic Valuation of Air Pollution (EVA) model has been used to calculate the associated premature mortality and their costs. Results showed that more than 80 % of the PM 2.5 concentration was attributed to transport from outside these four countries, implying an effort outside the Nordic region in order to decrease the pollutant levels over the area. The leading emission sector in each country was found to be non-industrial combustion (contributing by more than 60 % to the total PM 2.5 mass coming from the country itself), except for Sweden, where industry contributed to PM 2.5 with a comparable amount to non-industrial combustion. In addition to non-industrial combustion, the next most important source categories were industry, agriculture and traffic. The main chemical constituent of PM 2.5 concentrations that comes from the country itself is calculated to be organic carbon in all countries, which suggested that non-industrial wood burning was the dominant national source of pollution in the Nordic countries. We have estimated the total number of premature mortality cases due to air pollution to be around 4000 in Denmark and Sweden and around 2000 in Finland and Norway. These premature mortality cases led to a total cost of EUR 7 billion in the selected ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
U. Im J. H. Christensen O.-K. Nielsen M. Sand R. Makkonen C. Geels C. Anderson J. Kukkonen S. Lopez-Aparicio J. Brandt |
author_facet |
U. Im J. H. Christensen O.-K. Nielsen M. Sand R. Makkonen C. Geels C. Anderson J. Kukkonen S. Lopez-Aparicio J. Brandt |
author_sort |
U. Im |
title |
Contributions of Nordic anthropogenic emissions on air pollution and premature mortality over the Nordic region and the Arctic |
title_short |
Contributions of Nordic anthropogenic emissions on air pollution and premature mortality over the Nordic region and the Arctic |
title_full |
Contributions of Nordic anthropogenic emissions on air pollution and premature mortality over the Nordic region and the Arctic |
title_fullStr |
Contributions of Nordic anthropogenic emissions on air pollution and premature mortality over the Nordic region and the Arctic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Contributions of Nordic anthropogenic emissions on air pollution and premature mortality over the Nordic region and the Arctic |
title_sort |
contributions of nordic anthropogenic emissions on air pollution and premature mortality over the nordic region and the arctic |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12975-2019 https://doaj.org/article/1cc6aeb768864bf7b8c1eaac44f91894 |
geographic |
Arctic Norway |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Norway |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 19, Pp 12975-12992 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/19/12975/2019/acp-19-12975-2019.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7316 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7324 doi:10.5194/acp-19-12975-2019 1680-7316 1680-7324 https://doaj.org/article/1cc6aeb768864bf7b8c1eaac44f91894 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12975-2019 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
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19 |
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20 |
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12975 |
op_container_end_page |
12992 |
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