Design and Application of a Standalone Hybrid Wind–Solar System for Automatic Observation Systems Used in the Polar Region

• Published in: Applied Sciences
• Main Authors: Guangyu Zuo, Yinke Dou, Xiaomin Chang, Yan Chen
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2018
• Subjects: hybrid wind–solar system; low-temperature energy storage; circuit design; application; Technology; T; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General); TA1-2040; Biology (General); QH301-705.5; Physics; QC1-999; Chemistry; QD1-999; Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Zhongshan; Zhongshan Station; Antarc*; Antarctica
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.3390/app8122376; https://doaj.org/article/1b3e7d11bd3f48198b2f73e344ddcc66

Continuous power supply for unmanned and automatic observation systems without suitable energy-storage capabilities in the polar regions is an urgent problem and challenge. However, few power-supply systems can stably operate over the long term in extreme environments, despite excellent performance under normal environments. In this study, a standalone hybrid wind⁻solar system is proposed, based on operation analysis of the observing system in the Arctic Ocean, the polar environments, and renewable-energy distribution in the polar regions. Energy-storage technology suitable for cold regions is introduced to support the standalone hybrid wind⁻solar system. Mathematical models of the power system at low temperature are also proposed. The low-temperature performance and characteristics of lead⁻acid battery are comprehensively elucidated, and a dedicated charging strategy is developed. A hybrid wind⁻solar charging circuit is developed using a solar charging circuit, a wind turbine charging circuit, a driver circuit, a detection circuit, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) circuit, and an auxiliary circuit. The low temperature stability of charging circuit is test from −50 °C to 30 °C. Temperature correction algorithm is designed to improve the efficiency of the power supply system. The power generation energy of the power system was simulated based on the monthly average renewable energy data of Zhongshan Station. A case study was applied to examine the technical feasibility of the power system in Antarctica. The five-month application results indicate that the power system based on renewable energy can maintain stable performance and provide sufficient power for the observing system in low ambient temperatures. Therefore, this power system is an ideal solution to achieve an environmentally friendly and reliable energy supply in the polar regions.