The Roles of Orbital and Meltwater Climate Forcings on the Southern Ocean Dynamics during the Last Deglaciation
The last deglacial climate evolution, from 19 to 9 thousand years before the present, represents the vital role of feedback in the Earth’s climate system. The Southern Ocean played a fundamental role by exchanging nutrients and carbon-rich deep ocean water with the surface during the last deglaciati...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:1b3ab1836b404289b7eaa1b2e00515e7 2023-05-15T13:34:10+02:00 The Roles of Orbital and Meltwater Climate Forcings on the Southern Ocean Dynamics during the Last Deglaciation Gagan Mandal Jia-Yuh Yu Shih-Yu Lee 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052927 https://doaj.org/article/1b3ab1836b404289b7eaa1b2e00515e7 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/5/2927 https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050 doi:10.3390/su14052927 2071-1050 https://doaj.org/article/1b3ab1836b404289b7eaa1b2e00515e7 Sustainability, Vol 14, Iss 2927, p 2927 (2022) Southern Ocean upwelling sea ice windstress orbital forcing meltwater forcing surface buoyancy forcing Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052927 2022-12-31T15:43:40Z The last deglacial climate evolution, from 19 to 9 thousand years before the present, represents the vital role of feedback in the Earth’s climate system. The Southern Ocean played a fundamental role by exchanging nutrients and carbon-rich deep ocean water with the surface during the last deglaciation. This study employs a fully coupled Earth system model to investigate the evolution of Southern Ocean dynamics and the roles of changes in orbital and meltwater forcings during the last deglaciation. The simulation supports that the Southern Ocean upwelling was primarily driven by windstress. The results show that the melting and formation of Antarctic sea ice feedback influenced Southern Ocean surface buoyancy flux. The increase in Antarctic sea ice melt-induced freshwater flux resulted in a steepened north-south surface salinity gradient in the Southern Ocean, which enhanced the upwelling. The single-forcing experiments indicate that the deglacial changes in orbital insolation influenced the Southern Ocean upwelling. The experiments also highlight the dominant role of Northern Hemisphere meltwater discharge in the upper and lower branch of the Meridional Overturning Circulation. Furthermore, orbital forcing shows lesser deglacial Antarctic sea ice retreat than the Northern Hemisphere meltwater forcing, which follows the bipolar seesaw mechanism. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Southern Ocean Sustainability 14 5 2927 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Southern Ocean upwelling sea ice windstress orbital forcing meltwater forcing surface buoyancy forcing Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
spellingShingle |
Southern Ocean upwelling sea ice windstress orbital forcing meltwater forcing surface buoyancy forcing Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Gagan Mandal Jia-Yuh Yu Shih-Yu Lee The Roles of Orbital and Meltwater Climate Forcings on the Southern Ocean Dynamics during the Last Deglaciation |
topic_facet |
Southern Ocean upwelling sea ice windstress orbital forcing meltwater forcing surface buoyancy forcing Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
description |
The last deglacial climate evolution, from 19 to 9 thousand years before the present, represents the vital role of feedback in the Earth’s climate system. The Southern Ocean played a fundamental role by exchanging nutrients and carbon-rich deep ocean water with the surface during the last deglaciation. This study employs a fully coupled Earth system model to investigate the evolution of Southern Ocean dynamics and the roles of changes in orbital and meltwater forcings during the last deglaciation. The simulation supports that the Southern Ocean upwelling was primarily driven by windstress. The results show that the melting and formation of Antarctic sea ice feedback influenced Southern Ocean surface buoyancy flux. The increase in Antarctic sea ice melt-induced freshwater flux resulted in a steepened north-south surface salinity gradient in the Southern Ocean, which enhanced the upwelling. The single-forcing experiments indicate that the deglacial changes in orbital insolation influenced the Southern Ocean upwelling. The experiments also highlight the dominant role of Northern Hemisphere meltwater discharge in the upper and lower branch of the Meridional Overturning Circulation. Furthermore, orbital forcing shows lesser deglacial Antarctic sea ice retreat than the Northern Hemisphere meltwater forcing, which follows the bipolar seesaw mechanism. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gagan Mandal Jia-Yuh Yu Shih-Yu Lee |
author_facet |
Gagan Mandal Jia-Yuh Yu Shih-Yu Lee |
author_sort |
Gagan Mandal |
title |
The Roles of Orbital and Meltwater Climate Forcings on the Southern Ocean Dynamics during the Last Deglaciation |
title_short |
The Roles of Orbital and Meltwater Climate Forcings on the Southern Ocean Dynamics during the Last Deglaciation |
title_full |
The Roles of Orbital and Meltwater Climate Forcings on the Southern Ocean Dynamics during the Last Deglaciation |
title_fullStr |
The Roles of Orbital and Meltwater Climate Forcings on the Southern Ocean Dynamics during the Last Deglaciation |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Roles of Orbital and Meltwater Climate Forcings on the Southern Ocean Dynamics during the Last Deglaciation |
title_sort |
roles of orbital and meltwater climate forcings on the southern ocean dynamics during the last deglaciation |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052927 https://doaj.org/article/1b3ab1836b404289b7eaa1b2e00515e7 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Sustainability, Vol 14, Iss 2927, p 2927 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/5/2927 https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050 doi:10.3390/su14052927 2071-1050 https://doaj.org/article/1b3ab1836b404289b7eaa1b2e00515e7 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/su14052927 |
container_title |
Sustainability |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
2927 |
_version_ |
1766049556982661120 |