Systematic review on antigens for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis, with a focus on East Africa.
Background Accurate and accessible diagnosis is key for the control of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Yet, current diagnostic tests for VL have severe limitations: they are invasive or not suitable as point of care (POC) test or their performance is suboptimal in East Africa. We analysed the antigens...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:17aae76ee07d4e1f8de6e6a434c62191 2023-05-15T15:18:24+02:00 Systematic review on antigens for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis, with a focus on East Africa. Vera Kühne Zahra Rezaei Paul Pitzinger Philippe Büscher 2019-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007658 https://doaj.org/article/17aae76ee07d4e1f8de6e6a434c62191 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007658 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007658 https://doaj.org/article/17aae76ee07d4e1f8de6e6a434c62191 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 8, p e0007658 (2019) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007658 2022-12-31T06:00:22Z Background Accurate and accessible diagnosis is key for the control of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Yet, current diagnostic tests for VL have severe limitations: they are invasive or not suitable as point of care (POC) test or their performance is suboptimal in East Africa. We analysed the antigens in the VL serodiagnostics development pipeline to identify shortcomings and to propose strategies in the development of an alternative POC test for VL in East Africa. Objectives The objective of this study was to identify and to analyse all antigens for VL serodiagnosis that have been published before 2018 in order to identify candidates and gaps in the pipeline for a new POC test in East Africa. Methods A systematic literature search was performed on PubMed for original research articles on Leishmania-specific antigens for antibody detection of VL in humans. From each article, the following information was extracted: the antigen name, test format and characteristics, its reported sensitivity and specificity and study cohort specifications. Results One hundred and seven articles containing information about 96 tests based on 89 different antigens were included in this study. Eighty six of these tests, comprising 80 antigens, were evaluated in phase I and II studies only. Only 20 antigens, all of which are native, contain a carbohydrate and/or lipid moiety. Twenty-four antigens, of which 7 are non-native, are composed of antigen mixtures. Nineteen tests, comprising 18 antigens, have been evaluated on East African specimens, of which only 2 (rK28 based immunochromatographic test and intact promastigote based indirect fluorescent antibody technique) consistently showed sensitivities above 94 and specificities above 97% in a phase III study and one in a phase II study (dot blot with SLA). Only rK28 is a non-native mixture of antigens which we consider suitable for further evaluation and implementation. Conclusions The development pipeline for an alternative serodiagnostic test for VL is almost empty. Most antigens are not ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 13 8 e0007658 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Vera Kühne Zahra Rezaei Paul Pitzinger Philippe Büscher Systematic review on antigens for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis, with a focus on East Africa. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Background Accurate and accessible diagnosis is key for the control of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Yet, current diagnostic tests for VL have severe limitations: they are invasive or not suitable as point of care (POC) test or their performance is suboptimal in East Africa. We analysed the antigens in the VL serodiagnostics development pipeline to identify shortcomings and to propose strategies in the development of an alternative POC test for VL in East Africa. Objectives The objective of this study was to identify and to analyse all antigens for VL serodiagnosis that have been published before 2018 in order to identify candidates and gaps in the pipeline for a new POC test in East Africa. Methods A systematic literature search was performed on PubMed for original research articles on Leishmania-specific antigens for antibody detection of VL in humans. From each article, the following information was extracted: the antigen name, test format and characteristics, its reported sensitivity and specificity and study cohort specifications. Results One hundred and seven articles containing information about 96 tests based on 89 different antigens were included in this study. Eighty six of these tests, comprising 80 antigens, were evaluated in phase I and II studies only. Only 20 antigens, all of which are native, contain a carbohydrate and/or lipid moiety. Twenty-four antigens, of which 7 are non-native, are composed of antigen mixtures. Nineteen tests, comprising 18 antigens, have been evaluated on East African specimens, of which only 2 (rK28 based immunochromatographic test and intact promastigote based indirect fluorescent antibody technique) consistently showed sensitivities above 94 and specificities above 97% in a phase III study and one in a phase II study (dot blot with SLA). Only rK28 is a non-native mixture of antigens which we consider suitable for further evaluation and implementation. Conclusions The development pipeline for an alternative serodiagnostic test for VL is almost empty. Most antigens are not ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Vera Kühne Zahra Rezaei Paul Pitzinger Philippe Büscher |
author_facet |
Vera Kühne Zahra Rezaei Paul Pitzinger Philippe Büscher |
author_sort |
Vera Kühne |
title |
Systematic review on antigens for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis, with a focus on East Africa. |
title_short |
Systematic review on antigens for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis, with a focus on East Africa. |
title_full |
Systematic review on antigens for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis, with a focus on East Africa. |
title_fullStr |
Systematic review on antigens for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis, with a focus on East Africa. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Systematic review on antigens for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis, with a focus on East Africa. |
title_sort |
systematic review on antigens for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis, with a focus on east africa. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007658 https://doaj.org/article/17aae76ee07d4e1f8de6e6a434c62191 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 8, p e0007658 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007658 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007658 https://doaj.org/article/17aae76ee07d4e1f8de6e6a434c62191 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007658 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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13 |
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e0007658 |
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