Modeling the Vegetation Dynamics of Northern Shrubs and Mosses in the ORCHIDEE Land Surface Model
Abstract Parameterizations of plant competition processes involving shrubs, mosses, grasses, and trees were introduced with the recently implemented shrubs and mosses plant functional types in the ORCHIDEE dynamic global vegetation model in order to improve the representation of high latitude vegeta...
Published in: | Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems |
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American Geophysical Union (AGU)
2019
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:149042de6e0e4d0babb1278b2bbf4bdc 2023-05-15T14:31:25+02:00 Modeling the Vegetation Dynamics of Northern Shrubs and Mosses in the ORCHIDEE Land Surface Model Arsène Druel Philippe Ciais Gerhard Krinner Philippe Peylin 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001531 https://doaj.org/article/149042de6e0e4d0babb1278b2bbf4bdc EN eng American Geophysical Union (AGU) https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001531 https://doaj.org/toc/1942-2466 1942-2466 doi:10.1029/2018MS001531 https://doaj.org/article/149042de6e0e4d0babb1278b2bbf4bdc Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol 11, Iss 7, Pp 2020-2035 (2019) land surface modeling dynamical vegetation boreal Arctic greening competition Physical geography GB3-5030 Oceanography GC1-1581 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001531 2022-12-30T22:20:09Z Abstract Parameterizations of plant competition processes involving shrubs, mosses, grasses, and trees were introduced with the recently implemented shrubs and mosses plant functional types in the ORCHIDEE dynamic global vegetation model in order to improve the representation of high latitude vegetation dynamics. Competition is based on light capture for growth, net primary productivity, and survival to cold‐induced mortality during winter. Trees are assumed to outcompete shrubs and grasses for light, and shrubs outcompete grasses. Shrubs are modeled to have a higher survival than trees to extremely cold winters because of thermic protection by snow. The fractional coverage of each plant type is based on their respective net primary productivity and winter mortality of trees and shrubs. Gridded simulations were carried out for the historical period and the 21st century following the RCP4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. We evaluate the simulated present‐day vegetation with an observation‐based distribution map and literature data of boreal shrubs. The simulation produces a realistic present‐day boreal vegetation distribution, with shrubs, mosses north of trees and grasses. Nevertheless, the model underestimated local shrub expansion compared to observations from selected sites in the Arctic during the last 30 years suggesting missing processes (nutrients and microscale effects). The RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 projections show a substantial decrease of bare soil, an increase in tree and moss cover and an increase of shrub net primary productivity. Finally, the impact of new vegetation types and associated processes is discussed in the context of climate feedbacks. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Greening Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 11 7 2020 2035 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
land surface modeling dynamical vegetation boreal Arctic greening competition Physical geography GB3-5030 Oceanography GC1-1581 |
spellingShingle |
land surface modeling dynamical vegetation boreal Arctic greening competition Physical geography GB3-5030 Oceanography GC1-1581 Arsène Druel Philippe Ciais Gerhard Krinner Philippe Peylin Modeling the Vegetation Dynamics of Northern Shrubs and Mosses in the ORCHIDEE Land Surface Model |
topic_facet |
land surface modeling dynamical vegetation boreal Arctic greening competition Physical geography GB3-5030 Oceanography GC1-1581 |
description |
Abstract Parameterizations of plant competition processes involving shrubs, mosses, grasses, and trees were introduced with the recently implemented shrubs and mosses plant functional types in the ORCHIDEE dynamic global vegetation model in order to improve the representation of high latitude vegetation dynamics. Competition is based on light capture for growth, net primary productivity, and survival to cold‐induced mortality during winter. Trees are assumed to outcompete shrubs and grasses for light, and shrubs outcompete grasses. Shrubs are modeled to have a higher survival than trees to extremely cold winters because of thermic protection by snow. The fractional coverage of each plant type is based on their respective net primary productivity and winter mortality of trees and shrubs. Gridded simulations were carried out for the historical period and the 21st century following the RCP4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. We evaluate the simulated present‐day vegetation with an observation‐based distribution map and literature data of boreal shrubs. The simulation produces a realistic present‐day boreal vegetation distribution, with shrubs, mosses north of trees and grasses. Nevertheless, the model underestimated local shrub expansion compared to observations from selected sites in the Arctic during the last 30 years suggesting missing processes (nutrients and microscale effects). The RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 projections show a substantial decrease of bare soil, an increase in tree and moss cover and an increase of shrub net primary productivity. Finally, the impact of new vegetation types and associated processes is discussed in the context of climate feedbacks. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Arsène Druel Philippe Ciais Gerhard Krinner Philippe Peylin |
author_facet |
Arsène Druel Philippe Ciais Gerhard Krinner Philippe Peylin |
author_sort |
Arsène Druel |
title |
Modeling the Vegetation Dynamics of Northern Shrubs and Mosses in the ORCHIDEE Land Surface Model |
title_short |
Modeling the Vegetation Dynamics of Northern Shrubs and Mosses in the ORCHIDEE Land Surface Model |
title_full |
Modeling the Vegetation Dynamics of Northern Shrubs and Mosses in the ORCHIDEE Land Surface Model |
title_fullStr |
Modeling the Vegetation Dynamics of Northern Shrubs and Mosses in the ORCHIDEE Land Surface Model |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modeling the Vegetation Dynamics of Northern Shrubs and Mosses in the ORCHIDEE Land Surface Model |
title_sort |
modeling the vegetation dynamics of northern shrubs and mosses in the orchidee land surface model |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union (AGU) |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001531 https://doaj.org/article/149042de6e0e4d0babb1278b2bbf4bdc |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Greening Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic Greening Arctic |
op_source |
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol 11, Iss 7, Pp 2020-2035 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001531 https://doaj.org/toc/1942-2466 1942-2466 doi:10.1029/2018MS001531 https://doaj.org/article/149042de6e0e4d0babb1278b2bbf4bdc |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001531 |
container_title |
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
2020 |
op_container_end_page |
2035 |
_version_ |
1766305059172253696 |