Small cave bear (U. ex gr. savini-rossicus) as a game species of prehistoric man
Imanay Cave is located in the Southern Urals (53°02' N, 56°26' E), at 420 m.a.s.l. A 9.5 m2 trench was excavated in the grotto in the inner part of the cave to examine the sediments. The accretion thickness was 1.2 m. The taphocoenosis of the Imanay Cave is of the Pleistocene age and conta...
Published in: | VESTNIK ARHEOLOGII, ANTROPOLOGII I ETNOGRAFII |
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Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RA
2021
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.20874/2071-0437-2021-53-2-1 https://doaj.org/article/144dd88ceb0d41e4b32d2bc0fce85720 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:144dd88ceb0d41e4b32d2bc0fce85720 2023-05-15T13:13:49+02:00 Small cave bear (U. ex gr. savini-rossicus) as a game species of prehistoric man Gimranov D.O. Kosintsev P.A. Bachura O.P. Zhilin M.G. Kotov V.G. Rumyantsev M.M. 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.20874/2071-0437-2021-53-2-1 https://doaj.org/article/144dd88ceb0d41e4b32d2bc0fce85720 RU rus Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RA http://www.ipdn.ru/_private/a53/5-14.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1811-7465 https://doaj.org/toc/2071-0437 doi:10.20874/2071-0437-2021-53-2-1 1811-7465 2071-0437 https://doaj.org/article/144dd88ceb0d41e4b32d2bc0fce85720 Вестник археологии, антропологии и этнографии, Iss 2(53), Pp 5-14 (2021) small cave bear late pleistocene middle paleolithic hunting south urals imanay cave Archaeology CC1-960 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.20874/2071-0437-2021-53-2-1 2022-12-31T16:19:27Z Imanay Cave is located in the Southern Urals (53°02' N, 56°26' E), at 420 m.a.s.l. A 9.5 m2 trench was excavated in the grotto in the inner part of the cave to examine the sediments. The accretion thickness was 1.2 m. The taphocoenosis of the Imanay Cave is of the Pleistocene age and contains about 10,000 specimens of bone remains of large mammals. They mostly belong to small cave bear (U. ex gr. savini-rossicus), and the remaining bones — to species of the mammoth faunal complex (Lepus sp., Castor fiber, Marmota bobak, Canis lupus, Cuon alpinus, Vulpes vulpes, V. corsac, Meles sp., Gulo gulo, Martes sp., Mustela sp., Ursus kanivetz, U. arctos, U. thibetanus, Panthera ex gr. fossilis-spelaea, Mammuthus primigenius, Equus ferus, Coelodonta antiquitatis, Alces alces, Bison priscus, Saiga tatarica, Ovis ammon). In the layer with the bones, Middle Paleolithic stone artifacts were found, including several bifacial points. These tools have analogies in the Middle Paleolithic sites of the Caucasus region and Crimea. During excavations of the cave, the skull of a cave bear with artificial damage was found. The study of the artificial perforation on the skull was the purpose of the present paper. On the basis of dimensional and morphological features, it was established that the skull belongs to a small cave bear (U. ex gr. savini-rossicus). The skull was directly AMS radiocarbon dated to 34 940 ± 140 BP, IGANAMS-5652. Analysis of the growth layers in the teeth revealed that the animal died in winter at an age of 9-10 years. Trace evidence analysis showed, that the hole in the parietal region of the skull was made by a sharp bifacial flint point similar to the Middle Paleolithic points found in the cultural layer of the cave. The animal was killed during winter hibernation, most probably by stabbing with a spear. This is the first direct evidence of human hunting of a small cave bear. With the abundance of cave bear bones, the skull with the hole in it is the only evidence of human impact on this animal. There are no ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Alces alces Canis lupus Gulo gulo Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Flint ENVELOPE(-65.417,-65.417,-67.333,-67.333) Grotto ENVELOPE(-64.252,-64.252,-65.242,-65.242) The Grotto ENVELOPE(-55.565,-55.565,51.350,51.350) VESTNIK ARHEOLOGII, ANTROPOLOGII I ETNOGRAFII 2 (53) 5 14 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
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topic |
small cave bear late pleistocene middle paleolithic hunting south urals imanay cave Archaeology CC1-960 |
spellingShingle |
small cave bear late pleistocene middle paleolithic hunting south urals imanay cave Archaeology CC1-960 Gimranov D.O. Kosintsev P.A. Bachura O.P. Zhilin M.G. Kotov V.G. Rumyantsev M.M. Small cave bear (U. ex gr. savini-rossicus) as a game species of prehistoric man |
topic_facet |
small cave bear late pleistocene middle paleolithic hunting south urals imanay cave Archaeology CC1-960 |
description |
Imanay Cave is located in the Southern Urals (53°02' N, 56°26' E), at 420 m.a.s.l. A 9.5 m2 trench was excavated in the grotto in the inner part of the cave to examine the sediments. The accretion thickness was 1.2 m. The taphocoenosis of the Imanay Cave is of the Pleistocene age and contains about 10,000 specimens of bone remains of large mammals. They mostly belong to small cave bear (U. ex gr. savini-rossicus), and the remaining bones — to species of the mammoth faunal complex (Lepus sp., Castor fiber, Marmota bobak, Canis lupus, Cuon alpinus, Vulpes vulpes, V. corsac, Meles sp., Gulo gulo, Martes sp., Mustela sp., Ursus kanivetz, U. arctos, U. thibetanus, Panthera ex gr. fossilis-spelaea, Mammuthus primigenius, Equus ferus, Coelodonta antiquitatis, Alces alces, Bison priscus, Saiga tatarica, Ovis ammon). In the layer with the bones, Middle Paleolithic stone artifacts were found, including several bifacial points. These tools have analogies in the Middle Paleolithic sites of the Caucasus region and Crimea. During excavations of the cave, the skull of a cave bear with artificial damage was found. The study of the artificial perforation on the skull was the purpose of the present paper. On the basis of dimensional and morphological features, it was established that the skull belongs to a small cave bear (U. ex gr. savini-rossicus). The skull was directly AMS radiocarbon dated to 34 940 ± 140 BP, IGANAMS-5652. Analysis of the growth layers in the teeth revealed that the animal died in winter at an age of 9-10 years. Trace evidence analysis showed, that the hole in the parietal region of the skull was made by a sharp bifacial flint point similar to the Middle Paleolithic points found in the cultural layer of the cave. The animal was killed during winter hibernation, most probably by stabbing with a spear. This is the first direct evidence of human hunting of a small cave bear. With the abundance of cave bear bones, the skull with the hole in it is the only evidence of human impact on this animal. There are no ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gimranov D.O. Kosintsev P.A. Bachura O.P. Zhilin M.G. Kotov V.G. Rumyantsev M.M. |
author_facet |
Gimranov D.O. Kosintsev P.A. Bachura O.P. Zhilin M.G. Kotov V.G. Rumyantsev M.M. |
author_sort |
Gimranov D.O. |
title |
Small cave bear (U. ex gr. savini-rossicus) as a game species of prehistoric man |
title_short |
Small cave bear (U. ex gr. savini-rossicus) as a game species of prehistoric man |
title_full |
Small cave bear (U. ex gr. savini-rossicus) as a game species of prehistoric man |
title_fullStr |
Small cave bear (U. ex gr. savini-rossicus) as a game species of prehistoric man |
title_full_unstemmed |
Small cave bear (U. ex gr. savini-rossicus) as a game species of prehistoric man |
title_sort |
small cave bear (u. ex gr. savini-rossicus) as a game species of prehistoric man |
publisher |
Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RA |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.20874/2071-0437-2021-53-2-1 https://doaj.org/article/144dd88ceb0d41e4b32d2bc0fce85720 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-65.417,-65.417,-67.333,-67.333) ENVELOPE(-64.252,-64.252,-65.242,-65.242) ENVELOPE(-55.565,-55.565,51.350,51.350) |
geographic |
Flint Grotto The Grotto |
geographic_facet |
Flint Grotto The Grotto |
genre |
Alces alces Canis lupus Gulo gulo |
genre_facet |
Alces alces Canis lupus Gulo gulo |
op_source |
Вестник археологии, антропологии и этнографии, Iss 2(53), Pp 5-14 (2021) |
op_relation |
http://www.ipdn.ru/_private/a53/5-14.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1811-7465 https://doaj.org/toc/2071-0437 doi:10.20874/2071-0437-2021-53-2-1 1811-7465 2071-0437 https://doaj.org/article/144dd88ceb0d41e4b32d2bc0fce85720 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.20874/2071-0437-2021-53-2-1 |
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VESTNIK ARHEOLOGII, ANTROPOLOGII I ETNOGRAFII |
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14 |
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