Interaction between maternally derived antibodies and heterogeneity in exposure combined to determine time-to-first Plasmodium falciparum infection in Kenyan infants
Abstract Background Studies of the association between the level of anti-malarial antibody and protection from malaria infection can yield conflicting results if they fail to take into account differences in the malaria transmission rate. This can occur because high malaria exposure may drive high a...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:139e27fbf6cf4d70981db0531bc0fa76 2023-05-15T15:15:13+02:00 Interaction between maternally derived antibodies and heterogeneity in exposure combined to determine time-to-first Plasmodium falciparum infection in Kenyan infants Arnold Reynaldi Arlene E. Dent Timothy E. Schlub Sidney Ogolla Rosemary Rochford Miles P. Davenport 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2657-6 https://doaj.org/article/139e27fbf6cf4d70981db0531bc0fa76 EN eng BMC http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-019-2657-6 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-019-2657-6 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/139e27fbf6cf4d70981db0531bc0fa76 Malaria Journal, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2019) Plasmodium falciparum malaria Antibody Immunity Heterogeneity in exposure Newborns Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2657-6 2022-12-31T14:56:58Z Abstract Background Studies of the association between the level of anti-malarial antibody and protection from malaria infection can yield conflicting results if they fail to take into account differences in the malaria transmission rate. This can occur because high malaria exposure may drive high antibody responses, leading to an apparent positive association between immune response and infection rate. The neonatal period provides a unique window to study the protective effects of antibodies, because waning maternally-derived antibodies lead to different levels of protection with time. Methods This study uses data from two well-defined infant cohorts in Western Kenya with different burdens of malaria transmission. Survival models were used to assess how the magnitude of maternally derived malaria-specific IgG antibody (to 24 malaria antigens measured using Luminex beads) affected the time-to-first Plasmodium falciparum infection (detected by PCR). In addition, mathematical models were used to assess how the frequency of malaria infection varied between the cohorts with different exposure levels. Results Despite differences in underlying malaria incidence in the two regions, there was no difference in time-to-first malaria infection between the cohorts. However, there was a significant period of protection observed in children with high initial MSP1 (42 kDa fragment)-specific antibody levels, but this protection was not observed in children with low antibody levels. Children from the high transmission cohort had both longer initial periods of protection from malaria (attributable to higher initial antibody levels), but more rapid time-to-first-infection once malaria specific maternal antibodies declined below protective levels (attributable to higher exposure rates). Conclusion This study demonstrates the complex interaction between passive (maternally-derived) immunity and the degree of malaria exposure in infants. Children from regions of high malaria transmission had higher levels of maternally-derived ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 18 1 |
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English |
topic |
Plasmodium falciparum malaria Antibody Immunity Heterogeneity in exposure Newborns Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
spellingShingle |
Plasmodium falciparum malaria Antibody Immunity Heterogeneity in exposure Newborns Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Arnold Reynaldi Arlene E. Dent Timothy E. Schlub Sidney Ogolla Rosemary Rochford Miles P. Davenport Interaction between maternally derived antibodies and heterogeneity in exposure combined to determine time-to-first Plasmodium falciparum infection in Kenyan infants |
topic_facet |
Plasmodium falciparum malaria Antibody Immunity Heterogeneity in exposure Newborns Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background Studies of the association between the level of anti-malarial antibody and protection from malaria infection can yield conflicting results if they fail to take into account differences in the malaria transmission rate. This can occur because high malaria exposure may drive high antibody responses, leading to an apparent positive association between immune response and infection rate. The neonatal period provides a unique window to study the protective effects of antibodies, because waning maternally-derived antibodies lead to different levels of protection with time. Methods This study uses data from two well-defined infant cohorts in Western Kenya with different burdens of malaria transmission. Survival models were used to assess how the magnitude of maternally derived malaria-specific IgG antibody (to 24 malaria antigens measured using Luminex beads) affected the time-to-first Plasmodium falciparum infection (detected by PCR). In addition, mathematical models were used to assess how the frequency of malaria infection varied between the cohorts with different exposure levels. Results Despite differences in underlying malaria incidence in the two regions, there was no difference in time-to-first malaria infection between the cohorts. However, there was a significant period of protection observed in children with high initial MSP1 (42 kDa fragment)-specific antibody levels, but this protection was not observed in children with low antibody levels. Children from the high transmission cohort had both longer initial periods of protection from malaria (attributable to higher initial antibody levels), but more rapid time-to-first-infection once malaria specific maternal antibodies declined below protective levels (attributable to higher exposure rates). Conclusion This study demonstrates the complex interaction between passive (maternally-derived) immunity and the degree of malaria exposure in infants. Children from regions of high malaria transmission had higher levels of maternally-derived ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Arnold Reynaldi Arlene E. Dent Timothy E. Schlub Sidney Ogolla Rosemary Rochford Miles P. Davenport |
author_facet |
Arnold Reynaldi Arlene E. Dent Timothy E. Schlub Sidney Ogolla Rosemary Rochford Miles P. Davenport |
author_sort |
Arnold Reynaldi |
title |
Interaction between maternally derived antibodies and heterogeneity in exposure combined to determine time-to-first Plasmodium falciparum infection in Kenyan infants |
title_short |
Interaction between maternally derived antibodies and heterogeneity in exposure combined to determine time-to-first Plasmodium falciparum infection in Kenyan infants |
title_full |
Interaction between maternally derived antibodies and heterogeneity in exposure combined to determine time-to-first Plasmodium falciparum infection in Kenyan infants |
title_fullStr |
Interaction between maternally derived antibodies and heterogeneity in exposure combined to determine time-to-first Plasmodium falciparum infection in Kenyan infants |
title_full_unstemmed |
Interaction between maternally derived antibodies and heterogeneity in exposure combined to determine time-to-first Plasmodium falciparum infection in Kenyan infants |
title_sort |
interaction between maternally derived antibodies and heterogeneity in exposure combined to determine time-to-first plasmodium falciparum infection in kenyan infants |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2657-6 https://doaj.org/article/139e27fbf6cf4d70981db0531bc0fa76 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2019) |
op_relation |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-019-2657-6 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-019-2657-6 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/139e27fbf6cf4d70981db0531bc0fa76 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2657-6 |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
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18 |
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1 |
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1766345583887384576 |