LATERAL FLOW ASSAY FOR CRYPTOCOCCAL ANTIGEN: AN IMPORTANT ADVANCE TO IMPROVE THE CONTINUUM OF HIV CARE AND REDUCE CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS-RELATED MORTALITY
SUMMARYAIDS-related cryptococcal meningitis continues to cause a substantial burden of death in low and middle income countries. The diagnostic use for detection of cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide antigen (CrAg) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid by latex agglutination test (CrAg-latex) or enzyme...
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Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:13960321a1bb49f1a24ff434ec919bb9 2024-09-09T19:27:04+00:00 LATERAL FLOW ASSAY FOR CRYPTOCOCCAL ANTIGEN: AN IMPORTANT ADVANCE TO IMPROVE THE CONTINUUM OF HIV CARE AND REDUCE CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS-RELATED MORTALITY Jose E. VIDAL David R. BOULWARE 2015-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-46652015000700008 https://doaj.org/article/13960321a1bb49f1a24ff434ec919bb9 EN eng Universidade de São Paulo (USP) http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0036-46652015000800038&lng=en&tlng=en https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9946 1678-9946 doi:10.1590/S0036-46652015000700008 https://doaj.org/article/13960321a1bb49f1a24ff434ec919bb9 Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Vol 57, Iss suppl 19, Pp 38-45 (2015) Cryptococcal meningitis Cryptococcus Diagnosis Lateral flow assay Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-46652015000700008 2024-08-05T17:49:31Z SUMMARYAIDS-related cryptococcal meningitis continues to cause a substantial burden of death in low and middle income countries. The diagnostic use for detection of cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide antigen (CrAg) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid by latex agglutination test (CrAg-latex) or enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) has been available for over decades. Better diagnostics in asymptomatic and symptomatic phases of cryptococcosis are key components to reduce mortality. Recently, the cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay (CrAg LFA) was included in the armamentarium for diagnosis. Unlike the other tests, the CrAg LFA is a dipstick immunochromatographic assay, in a format similar to the home pregnancy test, and requires little or no lab infrastructure. This test meets all of the World Health Organization ASSURED criteria (Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User friendly, Rapid/robust, Equipment-free, and Delivered). CrAg LFA in serum, plasma, whole blood, or cerebrospinal fluid is useful for the diagnosis of disease caused by Cryptococcusspecies. The CrAg LFA has better analytical sensitivity for C. gattii than CrAg-latex or EIA. Prevention of cryptococcal disease is new application of CrAg LFA via screening of blood for subclinical infection in asymptomatic HIV-infected persons with CD4 counts < 100 cells/mL who are not receiving effective antiretroviral therapy. CrAg screening of leftover plasma specimens after CD4 testing can identify persons with asymptomatic infection who urgently require pre-emptive fluconazole, who will otherwise progress to symptomatic infection and/or die. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Eia ENVELOPE(7.755,7.755,63.024,63.024) Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 57 suppl 19 38 45 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Cryptococcal meningitis Cryptococcus Diagnosis Lateral flow assay Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
spellingShingle |
Cryptococcal meningitis Cryptococcus Diagnosis Lateral flow assay Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Jose E. VIDAL David R. BOULWARE LATERAL FLOW ASSAY FOR CRYPTOCOCCAL ANTIGEN: AN IMPORTANT ADVANCE TO IMPROVE THE CONTINUUM OF HIV CARE AND REDUCE CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS-RELATED MORTALITY |
topic_facet |
Cryptococcal meningitis Cryptococcus Diagnosis Lateral flow assay Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
SUMMARYAIDS-related cryptococcal meningitis continues to cause a substantial burden of death in low and middle income countries. The diagnostic use for detection of cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide antigen (CrAg) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid by latex agglutination test (CrAg-latex) or enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) has been available for over decades. Better diagnostics in asymptomatic and symptomatic phases of cryptococcosis are key components to reduce mortality. Recently, the cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay (CrAg LFA) was included in the armamentarium for diagnosis. Unlike the other tests, the CrAg LFA is a dipstick immunochromatographic assay, in a format similar to the home pregnancy test, and requires little or no lab infrastructure. This test meets all of the World Health Organization ASSURED criteria (Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User friendly, Rapid/robust, Equipment-free, and Delivered). CrAg LFA in serum, plasma, whole blood, or cerebrospinal fluid is useful for the diagnosis of disease caused by Cryptococcusspecies. The CrAg LFA has better analytical sensitivity for C. gattii than CrAg-latex or EIA. Prevention of cryptococcal disease is new application of CrAg LFA via screening of blood for subclinical infection in asymptomatic HIV-infected persons with CD4 counts < 100 cells/mL who are not receiving effective antiretroviral therapy. CrAg screening of leftover plasma specimens after CD4 testing can identify persons with asymptomatic infection who urgently require pre-emptive fluconazole, who will otherwise progress to symptomatic infection and/or die. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jose E. VIDAL David R. BOULWARE |
author_facet |
Jose E. VIDAL David R. BOULWARE |
author_sort |
Jose E. VIDAL |
title |
LATERAL FLOW ASSAY FOR CRYPTOCOCCAL ANTIGEN: AN IMPORTANT ADVANCE TO IMPROVE THE CONTINUUM OF HIV CARE AND REDUCE CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS-RELATED MORTALITY |
title_short |
LATERAL FLOW ASSAY FOR CRYPTOCOCCAL ANTIGEN: AN IMPORTANT ADVANCE TO IMPROVE THE CONTINUUM OF HIV CARE AND REDUCE CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS-RELATED MORTALITY |
title_full |
LATERAL FLOW ASSAY FOR CRYPTOCOCCAL ANTIGEN: AN IMPORTANT ADVANCE TO IMPROVE THE CONTINUUM OF HIV CARE AND REDUCE CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS-RELATED MORTALITY |
title_fullStr |
LATERAL FLOW ASSAY FOR CRYPTOCOCCAL ANTIGEN: AN IMPORTANT ADVANCE TO IMPROVE THE CONTINUUM OF HIV CARE AND REDUCE CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS-RELATED MORTALITY |
title_full_unstemmed |
LATERAL FLOW ASSAY FOR CRYPTOCOCCAL ANTIGEN: AN IMPORTANT ADVANCE TO IMPROVE THE CONTINUUM OF HIV CARE AND REDUCE CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS-RELATED MORTALITY |
title_sort |
lateral flow assay for cryptococcal antigen: an important advance to improve the continuum of hiv care and reduce cryptococcal meningitis-related mortality |
publisher |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-46652015000700008 https://doaj.org/article/13960321a1bb49f1a24ff434ec919bb9 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(7.755,7.755,63.024,63.024) |
geographic |
Arctic Eia |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Eia |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Vol 57, Iss suppl 19, Pp 38-45 (2015) |
op_relation |
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0036-46652015000800038&lng=en&tlng=en https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9946 1678-9946 doi:10.1590/S0036-46652015000700008 https://doaj.org/article/13960321a1bb49f1a24ff434ec919bb9 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-46652015000700008 |
container_title |
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo |
container_volume |
57 |
container_issue |
suppl 19 |
container_start_page |
38 |
op_container_end_page |
45 |
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1809896567693377536 |