Bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (Ursus arctos L.) in Bulgaria
We present an improved table of the footprint dimensions of the Bulgarian/ Eastern European brown bear (Ursus arctos L.). Our results demonstrated congruence between the length of the hind paw footprint and the width of the fore one, as well as correlation between footprint size, age, and sex of the...
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
2016
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doaj.org/article/134414ba250e44789a5c775360a06ba0 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:134414ba250e44789a5c775360a06ba0 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:134414ba250e44789a5c775360a06ba0 2023-05-15T18:41:48+02:00 Bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (Ursus arctos L.) in Bulgaria Nikolai Spassov Geko Spiridonov Vasil Ivanov Lyudmil Asenov 2016-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doaj.org/article/134414ba250e44789a5c775360a06ba0 EN eng Bulgarian Academy of Sciences https://www.nmnhs.com/historia-naturalis-bulgarica/article.php?id=000391000232016 https://doaj.org/toc/0205-3640 0205-3640 https://doaj.org/article/134414ba250e44789a5c775360a06ba0 Historia naturalis bulgarica, Vol 23, Pp 119-126 (2016) Science Q article 2016 ftdoajarticles 2022-12-31T13:31:31Z We present an improved table of the footprint dimensions of the Bulgarian/ Eastern European brown bear (Ursus arctos L.). Our results demonstrated congruence between the length of the hind paw footprint and the width of the fore one, as well as correlation between footprint size, age, and sex of the individuals. Six categories of bear fore paw and respectively hind paw footprints were identified according to their dimensions, which are related to their body sizes (influenced also by sex and age). The table could be useful for identification of the individuals by their footprints and could be utilised in the National monitoring of the bear in Bulgaria. Examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of using size parameters of footprints for determination of local population numbers and structure. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ursus arctos Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Science Q |
spellingShingle |
Science Q Nikolai Spassov Geko Spiridonov Vasil Ivanov Lyudmil Asenov Bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (Ursus arctos L.) in Bulgaria |
topic_facet |
Science Q |
description |
We present an improved table of the footprint dimensions of the Bulgarian/ Eastern European brown bear (Ursus arctos L.). Our results demonstrated congruence between the length of the hind paw footprint and the width of the fore one, as well as correlation between footprint size, age, and sex of the individuals. Six categories of bear fore paw and respectively hind paw footprints were identified according to their dimensions, which are related to their body sizes (influenced also by sex and age). The table could be useful for identification of the individuals by their footprints and could be utilised in the National monitoring of the bear in Bulgaria. Examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of using size parameters of footprints for determination of local population numbers and structure. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Nikolai Spassov Geko Spiridonov Vasil Ivanov Lyudmil Asenov |
author_facet |
Nikolai Spassov Geko Spiridonov Vasil Ivanov Lyudmil Asenov |
author_sort |
Nikolai Spassov |
title |
Bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (Ursus arctos L.) in Bulgaria |
title_short |
Bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (Ursus arctos L.) in Bulgaria |
title_full |
Bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (Ursus arctos L.) in Bulgaria |
title_fullStr |
Bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (Ursus arctos L.) in Bulgaria |
title_full_unstemmed |
Bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (Ursus arctos L.) in Bulgaria |
title_sort |
bear footprints and their use for monitoring and estimating numbers of brown bears (ursus arctos l.) in bulgaria |
publisher |
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/134414ba250e44789a5c775360a06ba0 |
genre |
Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Ursus arctos |
op_source |
Historia naturalis bulgarica, Vol 23, Pp 119-126 (2016) |
op_relation |
https://www.nmnhs.com/historia-naturalis-bulgarica/article.php?id=000391000232016 https://doaj.org/toc/0205-3640 0205-3640 https://doaj.org/article/134414ba250e44789a5c775360a06ba0 |
_version_ |
1766231347851952128 |