Epidemiology of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in Bolivian patients at high risk of complications.
BACKGROUND:Strongyloidiasis can be fatal in immunocompromised patients, but few epidemiological studies investigated the burden of this neglected tropical disease among these populations, particularly in low- and middle-income countries such as Bolivia. This study aimed to fill in this gap by estima...
Published in: | PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:12fbfd752c0f43acacdcacaf34d49ad8 2023-05-15T15:12:34+02:00 Epidemiology of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in Bolivian patients at high risk of complications. Laurent Gétaz Rosario Castro Pablo Zamora Marcelo Kramer Nestor Gareca Maria Del Carmen Torrico-Espinoza José Macias Susana Lisarazu-Velásquez Gloria Rodriguez Carola Valencia-Rivero Thomas Perneger François Chappuis 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007028 https://doaj.org/article/12fbfd752c0f43acacdcacaf34d49ad8 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6353209?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007028 https://doaj.org/article/12fbfd752c0f43acacdcacaf34d49ad8 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 1, p e0007028 (2019) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007028 2022-12-31T13:05:54Z BACKGROUND:Strongyloidiasis can be fatal in immunocompromised patients, but few epidemiological studies investigated the burden of this neglected tropical disease among these populations, particularly in low- and middle-income countries such as Bolivia. This study aimed to fill in this gap by estimating prevalence rate and risk factors associated with strongyloidiasis among patients at high risk of complications. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was carried out in Santa Cruz (elevation 400 meters, tropical climate) and Cochabamba (elevation 2,500 meters, temperate climate), among patients with cancer, HIV infection and rheumatic or hematologic disease, using four coproparasitological techniques and one serological (ELISA) test. RESULTS:In total, 1,151 patients participated in this study, including individuals who were HIV-positive (30%) or with rheumatic (29%), oncologic (32%) or hematologic (9%) diseases. The serological and coproparasitological prevalence was 23.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 20.7-25.5; n = 265/1151) and 7.6% (95% CI, 6.2-9.3; n = 88/1151), respectively, with an estimated actual prevalence of 20.2% (95% CI, 17.9-22.5). Positive serology and positive coproparasitology were associated with younger age and lower education levels. There was no significant difference in prevalence between Cochabamba and Santa Cruz as defined by coproparasitology (6.4% vs. 8.9%; p = 0.11) or serology (24.0% vs. 22.0%; p = 0.4). Among 64 patients in Cochabamba who had never travelled to the tropical lowlands, 5 (7.8%) had a positive coproparasitology. CONCLUSIONS:Strongyloidiasis is widely prevalent in Bolivia among vulnerable patients at increased risk of life-threatening complications. Transmission of the parasite occurs both in tropical lowlands and temperate elevation (≥ 2,500 m). Control strategies to prevent transmission and complications of this serious parasitic disease should be urgently reinforced. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 13 1 e0007028 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Laurent Gétaz Rosario Castro Pablo Zamora Marcelo Kramer Nestor Gareca Maria Del Carmen Torrico-Espinoza José Macias Susana Lisarazu-Velásquez Gloria Rodriguez Carola Valencia-Rivero Thomas Perneger François Chappuis Epidemiology of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in Bolivian patients at high risk of complications. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
BACKGROUND:Strongyloidiasis can be fatal in immunocompromised patients, but few epidemiological studies investigated the burden of this neglected tropical disease among these populations, particularly in low- and middle-income countries such as Bolivia. This study aimed to fill in this gap by estimating prevalence rate and risk factors associated with strongyloidiasis among patients at high risk of complications. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was carried out in Santa Cruz (elevation 400 meters, tropical climate) and Cochabamba (elevation 2,500 meters, temperate climate), among patients with cancer, HIV infection and rheumatic or hematologic disease, using four coproparasitological techniques and one serological (ELISA) test. RESULTS:In total, 1,151 patients participated in this study, including individuals who were HIV-positive (30%) or with rheumatic (29%), oncologic (32%) or hematologic (9%) diseases. The serological and coproparasitological prevalence was 23.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 20.7-25.5; n = 265/1151) and 7.6% (95% CI, 6.2-9.3; n = 88/1151), respectively, with an estimated actual prevalence of 20.2% (95% CI, 17.9-22.5). Positive serology and positive coproparasitology were associated with younger age and lower education levels. There was no significant difference in prevalence between Cochabamba and Santa Cruz as defined by coproparasitology (6.4% vs. 8.9%; p = 0.11) or serology (24.0% vs. 22.0%; p = 0.4). Among 64 patients in Cochabamba who had never travelled to the tropical lowlands, 5 (7.8%) had a positive coproparasitology. CONCLUSIONS:Strongyloidiasis is widely prevalent in Bolivia among vulnerable patients at increased risk of life-threatening complications. Transmission of the parasite occurs both in tropical lowlands and temperate elevation (≥ 2,500 m). Control strategies to prevent transmission and complications of this serious parasitic disease should be urgently reinforced. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Laurent Gétaz Rosario Castro Pablo Zamora Marcelo Kramer Nestor Gareca Maria Del Carmen Torrico-Espinoza José Macias Susana Lisarazu-Velásquez Gloria Rodriguez Carola Valencia-Rivero Thomas Perneger François Chappuis |
author_facet |
Laurent Gétaz Rosario Castro Pablo Zamora Marcelo Kramer Nestor Gareca Maria Del Carmen Torrico-Espinoza José Macias Susana Lisarazu-Velásquez Gloria Rodriguez Carola Valencia-Rivero Thomas Perneger François Chappuis |
author_sort |
Laurent Gétaz |
title |
Epidemiology of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in Bolivian patients at high risk of complications. |
title_short |
Epidemiology of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in Bolivian patients at high risk of complications. |
title_full |
Epidemiology of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in Bolivian patients at high risk of complications. |
title_fullStr |
Epidemiology of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in Bolivian patients at high risk of complications. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Epidemiology of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in Bolivian patients at high risk of complications. |
title_sort |
epidemiology of strongyloides stercoralis infection in bolivian patients at high risk of complications. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007028 https://doaj.org/article/12fbfd752c0f43acacdcacaf34d49ad8 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 1, p e0007028 (2019) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6353209?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007028 https://doaj.org/article/12fbfd752c0f43acacdcacaf34d49ad8 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007028 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
e0007028 |
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1766343233181319168 |