Evaluation of oxfendazole in the treatment of zoonotic Onchocerca lupi infection in dogs.

The genus Onchocerca encompasses parasitic nematodes including Onchocerca volvulus, causative agent of river blindness in humans, and the zoonotic Onchocerca lupi infecting dogs and cats. In dogs, O. lupi adult worms cause ocular lesions of various degrees while humans may bear the brunt of zoonotic...

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Published in:PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Main Authors: Vito Colella, Carla Maia, André Pereira, Nuno Gonçalves, Marta Caruso, Coralie Martin, Luís Cardoso, Lenea Campino, Ivan Scandale, Domenico Otranto
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2018
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006218
https://doaj.org/article/11d708d390434aed85c33049a5d23bee
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spelling ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:11d708d390434aed85c33049a5d23bee 2023-05-15T15:17:43+02:00 Evaluation of oxfendazole in the treatment of zoonotic Onchocerca lupi infection in dogs. Vito Colella Carla Maia André Pereira Nuno Gonçalves Marta Caruso Coralie Martin Luís Cardoso Lenea Campino Ivan Scandale Domenico Otranto 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006218 https://doaj.org/article/11d708d390434aed85c33049a5d23bee EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5805361?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006218 https://doaj.org/article/11d708d390434aed85c33049a5d23bee PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 12, Iss 1, p e0006218 (2018) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006218 2022-12-31T10:28:41Z The genus Onchocerca encompasses parasitic nematodes including Onchocerca volvulus, causative agent of river blindness in humans, and the zoonotic Onchocerca lupi infecting dogs and cats. In dogs, O. lupi adult worms cause ocular lesions of various degrees while humans may bear the brunt of zoonotic onchocercosis with patients requiring neurosurgical intervention because of central nervous system localization of nematodes. Though the zoonotic potential of O. lupi has been well recognized from human cases in Europe, the United States and the Middle East, a proper therapy for curing this parasitic infection in dogs is lacking. To evaluate the efficacy of oxfendazole, 11 out of the 21 client-owned dogs (21/123; 17.1%) positive for skin-dwelling O. lupi microfilariae (mfs), were enrolled in the efficacy study and were treated with oxfendazole (50 mg/kg) per OS once a day for 5 (G2) or 10 (G3) consecutive days or were left untreated (G1). The efficacy of oxfendazole in the reduction of O. lupi mfs was evaluated by microfilarial count and by assessing the percentage of mfs reduction and mean microfilaricidal efficacy, whereas the efficacy in the reduction of ocular lesions was evaluated by ultrasound imaging. All dogs where subjected to follow-ups at 30 (D30), 90 (D90) and 180 (D180) days post-treatment. The percentage of reduction of mfs was 78% for G2 and 12.5% for G3 at D180. The mean microfilaricidal efficacy of oxfendazole in the treatment of canine onchocercosis by O. lupi at D30, D90 and D180 was 41%, 81% and 90%, in G2 and 40%, 65% and 70%, in G3, respectively. Retrobulbar lesions did not reduce from D0 to D180 in control group (dogs in G1), whereas all treated dogs (in G2 and G3) had slightly decreased ocular lesions. Percentage of reduction of ocular lesions by ultrasound examination was 50% and 47.5% in G2 and G3 at D180, respectively. Despite the decrease in ocular lesions in all treated dogs (G2 and G3), oxfendazole was ineffective in reducing ocular lesions and skin-dwelling O. lupi mfs in treated dogs ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 12 1 e0006218
institution Open Polar
collection Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles
op_collection_id ftdoajarticles
language English
topic Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
RC955-962
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
spellingShingle Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
RC955-962
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
Vito Colella
Carla Maia
André Pereira
Nuno Gonçalves
Marta Caruso
Coralie Martin
Luís Cardoso
Lenea Campino
Ivan Scandale
Domenico Otranto
Evaluation of oxfendazole in the treatment of zoonotic Onchocerca lupi infection in dogs.
topic_facet Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
RC955-962
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
description The genus Onchocerca encompasses parasitic nematodes including Onchocerca volvulus, causative agent of river blindness in humans, and the zoonotic Onchocerca lupi infecting dogs and cats. In dogs, O. lupi adult worms cause ocular lesions of various degrees while humans may bear the brunt of zoonotic onchocercosis with patients requiring neurosurgical intervention because of central nervous system localization of nematodes. Though the zoonotic potential of O. lupi has been well recognized from human cases in Europe, the United States and the Middle East, a proper therapy for curing this parasitic infection in dogs is lacking. To evaluate the efficacy of oxfendazole, 11 out of the 21 client-owned dogs (21/123; 17.1%) positive for skin-dwelling O. lupi microfilariae (mfs), were enrolled in the efficacy study and were treated with oxfendazole (50 mg/kg) per OS once a day for 5 (G2) or 10 (G3) consecutive days or were left untreated (G1). The efficacy of oxfendazole in the reduction of O. lupi mfs was evaluated by microfilarial count and by assessing the percentage of mfs reduction and mean microfilaricidal efficacy, whereas the efficacy in the reduction of ocular lesions was evaluated by ultrasound imaging. All dogs where subjected to follow-ups at 30 (D30), 90 (D90) and 180 (D180) days post-treatment. The percentage of reduction of mfs was 78% for G2 and 12.5% for G3 at D180. The mean microfilaricidal efficacy of oxfendazole in the treatment of canine onchocercosis by O. lupi at D30, D90 and D180 was 41%, 81% and 90%, in G2 and 40%, 65% and 70%, in G3, respectively. Retrobulbar lesions did not reduce from D0 to D180 in control group (dogs in G1), whereas all treated dogs (in G2 and G3) had slightly decreased ocular lesions. Percentage of reduction of ocular lesions by ultrasound examination was 50% and 47.5% in G2 and G3 at D180, respectively. Despite the decrease in ocular lesions in all treated dogs (G2 and G3), oxfendazole was ineffective in reducing ocular lesions and skin-dwelling O. lupi mfs in treated dogs ...
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Vito Colella
Carla Maia
André Pereira
Nuno Gonçalves
Marta Caruso
Coralie Martin
Luís Cardoso
Lenea Campino
Ivan Scandale
Domenico Otranto
author_facet Vito Colella
Carla Maia
André Pereira
Nuno Gonçalves
Marta Caruso
Coralie Martin
Luís Cardoso
Lenea Campino
Ivan Scandale
Domenico Otranto
author_sort Vito Colella
title Evaluation of oxfendazole in the treatment of zoonotic Onchocerca lupi infection in dogs.
title_short Evaluation of oxfendazole in the treatment of zoonotic Onchocerca lupi infection in dogs.
title_full Evaluation of oxfendazole in the treatment of zoonotic Onchocerca lupi infection in dogs.
title_fullStr Evaluation of oxfendazole in the treatment of zoonotic Onchocerca lupi infection in dogs.
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of oxfendazole in the treatment of zoonotic Onchocerca lupi infection in dogs.
title_sort evaluation of oxfendazole in the treatment of zoonotic onchocerca lupi infection in dogs.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate 2018
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006218
https://doaj.org/article/11d708d390434aed85c33049a5d23bee
geographic Arctic
geographic_facet Arctic
genre Arctic
genre_facet Arctic
op_source PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 12, Iss 1, p e0006218 (2018)
op_relation http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5805361?pdf=render
https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727
https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735
1935-2727
1935-2735
doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006218
https://doaj.org/article/11d708d390434aed85c33049a5d23bee
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006218
container_title PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
container_volume 12
container_issue 1
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