Retrieval of Water Vapour Profiles from GLORIA Nadir Observations
We present the first analysis of water vapour profiles derived from nadir measurements by the infrared imaging Fourier transform spectrometer GLORIA (Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere). The measurements were performed on 27 September 2017, during the WISE (Wave driven IS...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:11ce63fefbd843aa92cbbf5a7a3f9bec 2023-05-15T17:35:17+02:00 Retrieval of Water Vapour Profiles from GLORIA Nadir Observations Nils König Gerald Wetzel Michael Höpfner Felix Friedl-Vallon Sören Johansson Anne Kleinert Matthias Schneider Benjamin Ertl Jörn Ungermann 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183675 https://doaj.org/article/11ce63fefbd843aa92cbbf5a7a3f9bec EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3675 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs13183675 2072-4292 https://doaj.org/article/11ce63fefbd843aa92cbbf5a7a3f9bec Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 3675, p 3675 (2021) atmospheric remote sensing water vapour nadir viewing limb viewing infrared Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy Science Q article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183675 2022-12-30T20:18:16Z We present the first analysis of water vapour profiles derived from nadir measurements by the infrared imaging Fourier transform spectrometer GLORIA (Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere). The measurements were performed on 27 September 2017, during the WISE (Wave driven ISentropic Exchange) campaign aboard the HALO aircraft over the North Atlantic in an area between 37°–50°N and 20°–28°W. From each nadir recording of the 2-D imaging spectrometer, the spectral radiances of all non-cloudy pixels have been averaged after application of a newly developed cloud filter. From these mid-infrared nadir spectra, vertical profiles of H <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math> O have been retrieved with a vertical resolution corresponding to five degrees of freedom below the aircraft. Uncertainties in radiometric calibration, temperature and spectroscopy have been identified as dominating error sources. Comparing retrievals resulting from two different a priori assumptions (constant exponential vs. ERA 5 reanalysis data) revealed parts of the flight where the observations clearly show inconsistencies with the ERA 5 water vapour fields. Further, a water vapour inversion at around 6 km altitude could be identified in the nadir retrievals and confirmed by a nearby radiosonde ascent. An intercomparison of multiple water vapour profiles from GLORIA in nadir and limb observational modes, IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer) satellite data from two different retrieval processors, and radiosonde measurements shows a broad consistency between the profiles. The comparison shows how fine vertical structures are represented by nadir sounders as well as the influence of a priori information on the retrievals. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Remote Sensing 13 18 3675 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
atmospheric remote sensing water vapour nadir viewing limb viewing infrared Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy Science Q |
spellingShingle |
atmospheric remote sensing water vapour nadir viewing limb viewing infrared Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy Science Q Nils König Gerald Wetzel Michael Höpfner Felix Friedl-Vallon Sören Johansson Anne Kleinert Matthias Schneider Benjamin Ertl Jörn Ungermann Retrieval of Water Vapour Profiles from GLORIA Nadir Observations |
topic_facet |
atmospheric remote sensing water vapour nadir viewing limb viewing infrared Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy Science Q |
description |
We present the first analysis of water vapour profiles derived from nadir measurements by the infrared imaging Fourier transform spectrometer GLORIA (Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere). The measurements were performed on 27 September 2017, during the WISE (Wave driven ISentropic Exchange) campaign aboard the HALO aircraft over the North Atlantic in an area between 37°–50°N and 20°–28°W. From each nadir recording of the 2-D imaging spectrometer, the spectral radiances of all non-cloudy pixels have been averaged after application of a newly developed cloud filter. From these mid-infrared nadir spectra, vertical profiles of H <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math> O have been retrieved with a vertical resolution corresponding to five degrees of freedom below the aircraft. Uncertainties in radiometric calibration, temperature and spectroscopy have been identified as dominating error sources. Comparing retrievals resulting from two different a priori assumptions (constant exponential vs. ERA 5 reanalysis data) revealed parts of the flight where the observations clearly show inconsistencies with the ERA 5 water vapour fields. Further, a water vapour inversion at around 6 km altitude could be identified in the nadir retrievals and confirmed by a nearby radiosonde ascent. An intercomparison of multiple water vapour profiles from GLORIA in nadir and limb observational modes, IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer) satellite data from two different retrieval processors, and radiosonde measurements shows a broad consistency between the profiles. The comparison shows how fine vertical structures are represented by nadir sounders as well as the influence of a priori information on the retrievals. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Nils König Gerald Wetzel Michael Höpfner Felix Friedl-Vallon Sören Johansson Anne Kleinert Matthias Schneider Benjamin Ertl Jörn Ungermann |
author_facet |
Nils König Gerald Wetzel Michael Höpfner Felix Friedl-Vallon Sören Johansson Anne Kleinert Matthias Schneider Benjamin Ertl Jörn Ungermann |
author_sort |
Nils König |
title |
Retrieval of Water Vapour Profiles from GLORIA Nadir Observations |
title_short |
Retrieval of Water Vapour Profiles from GLORIA Nadir Observations |
title_full |
Retrieval of Water Vapour Profiles from GLORIA Nadir Observations |
title_fullStr |
Retrieval of Water Vapour Profiles from GLORIA Nadir Observations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Retrieval of Water Vapour Profiles from GLORIA Nadir Observations |
title_sort |
retrieval of water vapour profiles from gloria nadir observations |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183675 https://doaj.org/article/11ce63fefbd843aa92cbbf5a7a3f9bec |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 3675, p 3675 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3675 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs13183675 2072-4292 https://doaj.org/article/11ce63fefbd843aa92cbbf5a7a3f9bec |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183675 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
18 |
container_start_page |
3675 |
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1766134400153550848 |