Development of ELISA-based methods to measure the anti-malarial drug chloroquine in plasma and in pharmaceutical formulations
Abstract Background In Central and South America and Eastern and Southern Africa, Plasmodium vivax infections accounts for 71-81% and 5% of malaria cases, respectively. In these areas, chloroquine (CQ) remains the treatment of choice for P. vivax malaria. In addition, CQ has recently proven to be an...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:10ebf3707e42496186f5aa843b7fd0ed 2023-05-15T15:17:20+02:00 Development of ELISA-based methods to measure the anti-malarial drug chloroquine in plasma and in pharmaceutical formulations Ronn Anita Bygbjerg Ib C Recke Camilla Hoegberg Lotte C Alifrangis Michael Khalil Insaf F Koch Claus 2011-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-249 https://doaj.org/article/10ebf3707e42496186f5aa843b7fd0ed EN eng BMC http://www.malariajournal.com/content/10/1/249 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-10-249 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/10ebf3707e42496186f5aa843b7fd0ed Malaria Journal, Vol 10, Iss 1, p 249 (2011) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2011 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-249 2022-12-30T22:43:11Z Abstract Background In Central and South America and Eastern and Southern Africa, Plasmodium vivax infections accounts for 71-81% and 5% of malaria cases, respectively. In these areas, chloroquine (CQ) remains the treatment of choice for P. vivax malaria. In addition, CQ has recently proven to be an effective HIV-1 therapeutic agent. There is a dire need to continue monitoring quality of CQ as there is a major influx of substandard and fake formulations into malaria-endemic countries. The use of fake/substandard drugs will result in sub-therapeutic levels endangering the patient and possibly select for parasite resistance. The aim of this study was to develop an inexpensive, simple antibody-based ELISA to measure CQ concentrations in tablets and in plasma. Methods A monoclonal antibody (MAb) that reacts with the N-side chain of the CQ molecule was prepared by use of a CQ analogue. A specific and reliable ELISA for detection of CQ was developed. The developed assay was validated by measuring CQ in tablets sold in Denmark, India and Sudan. Furthermore, kinetics of CQ concentrations in plasma of four volunteers, who ingested two tablets of Malarex ® containing, 250 mg CQ base, were measured before drug intake, three hours later and thereafter at days 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28. The same plasma samples were simultaneously measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results The ELISA proved an easy-to-handle and very sensitive tool for the detection of CQ with a lower limit of detection at 3.9 ng/ml. ELISA levels of CQ in plasma showed high agreement with the levels obtained by HPLC (r = 0.98). The specificity in the negative control group was 100%. Conclusion The developed ELISA can be used for quality screening of CQ in pharmaceutical formulations and for drug monitoring in malaria and in other infectious diseases, such as HIV, where CQ proved to be an effective therapeutic agent. The methodology has been exploited to develop monoclonal antibodies for the drugs used in artemisinin-based combination ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 10 1 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Ronn Anita Bygbjerg Ib C Recke Camilla Hoegberg Lotte C Alifrangis Michael Khalil Insaf F Koch Claus Development of ELISA-based methods to measure the anti-malarial drug chloroquine in plasma and in pharmaceutical formulations |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background In Central and South America and Eastern and Southern Africa, Plasmodium vivax infections accounts for 71-81% and 5% of malaria cases, respectively. In these areas, chloroquine (CQ) remains the treatment of choice for P. vivax malaria. In addition, CQ has recently proven to be an effective HIV-1 therapeutic agent. There is a dire need to continue monitoring quality of CQ as there is a major influx of substandard and fake formulations into malaria-endemic countries. The use of fake/substandard drugs will result in sub-therapeutic levels endangering the patient and possibly select for parasite resistance. The aim of this study was to develop an inexpensive, simple antibody-based ELISA to measure CQ concentrations in tablets and in plasma. Methods A monoclonal antibody (MAb) that reacts with the N-side chain of the CQ molecule was prepared by use of a CQ analogue. A specific and reliable ELISA for detection of CQ was developed. The developed assay was validated by measuring CQ in tablets sold in Denmark, India and Sudan. Furthermore, kinetics of CQ concentrations in plasma of four volunteers, who ingested two tablets of Malarex ® containing, 250 mg CQ base, were measured before drug intake, three hours later and thereafter at days 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28. The same plasma samples were simultaneously measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results The ELISA proved an easy-to-handle and very sensitive tool for the detection of CQ with a lower limit of detection at 3.9 ng/ml. ELISA levels of CQ in plasma showed high agreement with the levels obtained by HPLC (r = 0.98). The specificity in the negative control group was 100%. Conclusion The developed ELISA can be used for quality screening of CQ in pharmaceutical formulations and for drug monitoring in malaria and in other infectious diseases, such as HIV, where CQ proved to be an effective therapeutic agent. The methodology has been exploited to develop monoclonal antibodies for the drugs used in artemisinin-based combination ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ronn Anita Bygbjerg Ib C Recke Camilla Hoegberg Lotte C Alifrangis Michael Khalil Insaf F Koch Claus |
author_facet |
Ronn Anita Bygbjerg Ib C Recke Camilla Hoegberg Lotte C Alifrangis Michael Khalil Insaf F Koch Claus |
author_sort |
Ronn Anita |
title |
Development of ELISA-based methods to measure the anti-malarial drug chloroquine in plasma and in pharmaceutical formulations |
title_short |
Development of ELISA-based methods to measure the anti-malarial drug chloroquine in plasma and in pharmaceutical formulations |
title_full |
Development of ELISA-based methods to measure the anti-malarial drug chloroquine in plasma and in pharmaceutical formulations |
title_fullStr |
Development of ELISA-based methods to measure the anti-malarial drug chloroquine in plasma and in pharmaceutical formulations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Development of ELISA-based methods to measure the anti-malarial drug chloroquine in plasma and in pharmaceutical formulations |
title_sort |
development of elisa-based methods to measure the anti-malarial drug chloroquine in plasma and in pharmaceutical formulations |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-249 https://doaj.org/article/10ebf3707e42496186f5aa843b7fd0ed |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 10, Iss 1, p 249 (2011) |
op_relation |
http://www.malariajournal.com/content/10/1/249 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-10-249 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/10ebf3707e42496186f5aa843b7fd0ed |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-249 |
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Malaria Journal |
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10 |
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1 |
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1766347572746649600 |