The Role of the Gray Wolf in Rabies Transmission in Iran and Preliminary Assessment of an Oral Rabies Vaccine in this Animal
Introduction: In Iran, 95% of animal bites are attributed to domestic dogs and cats, while one-third of rabies victims are from wildlife. The wolf is one of the primary vectors of wildlife in the country. This study was aimed to assess the impact of wildlife on rabies transmission and to evaluate th...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:10d21ed892fd45aba166e681df3f5453 2023-05-15T15:50:51+02:00 The Role of the Gray Wolf in Rabies Transmission in Iran and Preliminary Assessment of an Oral Rabies Vaccine in this Animal Alireza Gholami Siamak Massoudi Majid Kharazian Moghaddam Mahmoud Ghazi Marashi Mahyar Marashi Rouzbeh Bashar Ahmad Fayaz Maryam Fazeli Firouzeh Farahtaj Nader Howaizi Mohammad Reza Shirzadi 2017-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doaj.org/article/10d21ed892fd45aba166e681df3f5453 EN eng Pasteur Institute of Iran http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-155-en.html https://doaj.org/toc/2345-5349 https://doaj.org/toc/2345-5330 2345-5349 2345-5330 https://doaj.org/article/10d21ed892fd45aba166e681df3f5453 Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Vol 5, Iss 3, Pp 56-61 (2017) oral rabies vaccination (orv) rabies anti-rabies antibodies wolf Pathology RB1-214 article 2017 ftdoajarticles 2022-12-31T06:12:01Z Introduction: In Iran, 95% of animal bites are attributed to domestic dogs and cats, while one-third of rabies victims are from wildlife. The wolf is one of the primary vectors of wildlife in the country. This study was aimed to assess the impact of wildlife on rabies transmission and to evaluate the efficacy of an oral rabies vaccine (ORV) in the gray wolf (Canis lupus pallipes). Methods: We studied the incidence of wolf attacks by analyzing a 10-year period of data (2000 to 2009) available in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, the Veterinary Organization and Pasteur Institute of Iran. In the next step, five captive gray wolves were fed by Raboral V-RG® vaccine baits (Merial®, part of Boehringer Ingelheim, Germany) and monitored for rabies neutralizing antibodies over 20 months by rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT). Results: Our analysis showed that 55% of animal bites occurred in rural areas and the remaining in urban areas. The most rabid wolves were from Fars province in southern Iran. The vaccine baits were palatable for the hungry wolves. Seroconversion with antibodies titers ≥0.5 IU/ml occurred after 12 weeks and maintained for 78 weeks indicating potential protection against rabies after receiving a single ORV bait. Conclusion: Our results suggested that a single dose of vaccination with V-RG®, though initially designed for foxes and raccoons, can protect the gray wolf against rabies as well. Article in Journal/Newspaper Canis lupus gray wolf Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Pasteur ENVELOPE(140.099,140.099,-66.625,-66.625) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
oral rabies vaccination (orv) rabies anti-rabies antibodies wolf Pathology RB1-214 |
spellingShingle |
oral rabies vaccination (orv) rabies anti-rabies antibodies wolf Pathology RB1-214 Alireza Gholami Siamak Massoudi Majid Kharazian Moghaddam Mahmoud Ghazi Marashi Mahyar Marashi Rouzbeh Bashar Ahmad Fayaz Maryam Fazeli Firouzeh Farahtaj Nader Howaizi Mohammad Reza Shirzadi The Role of the Gray Wolf in Rabies Transmission in Iran and Preliminary Assessment of an Oral Rabies Vaccine in this Animal |
topic_facet |
oral rabies vaccination (orv) rabies anti-rabies antibodies wolf Pathology RB1-214 |
description |
Introduction: In Iran, 95% of animal bites are attributed to domestic dogs and cats, while one-third of rabies victims are from wildlife. The wolf is one of the primary vectors of wildlife in the country. This study was aimed to assess the impact of wildlife on rabies transmission and to evaluate the efficacy of an oral rabies vaccine (ORV) in the gray wolf (Canis lupus pallipes). Methods: We studied the incidence of wolf attacks by analyzing a 10-year period of data (2000 to 2009) available in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, the Veterinary Organization and Pasteur Institute of Iran. In the next step, five captive gray wolves were fed by Raboral V-RG® vaccine baits (Merial®, part of Boehringer Ingelheim, Germany) and monitored for rabies neutralizing antibodies over 20 months by rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT). Results: Our analysis showed that 55% of animal bites occurred in rural areas and the remaining in urban areas. The most rabid wolves were from Fars province in southern Iran. The vaccine baits were palatable for the hungry wolves. Seroconversion with antibodies titers ≥0.5 IU/ml occurred after 12 weeks and maintained for 78 weeks indicating potential protection against rabies after receiving a single ORV bait. Conclusion: Our results suggested that a single dose of vaccination with V-RG®, though initially designed for foxes and raccoons, can protect the gray wolf against rabies as well. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Alireza Gholami Siamak Massoudi Majid Kharazian Moghaddam Mahmoud Ghazi Marashi Mahyar Marashi Rouzbeh Bashar Ahmad Fayaz Maryam Fazeli Firouzeh Farahtaj Nader Howaizi Mohammad Reza Shirzadi |
author_facet |
Alireza Gholami Siamak Massoudi Majid Kharazian Moghaddam Mahmoud Ghazi Marashi Mahyar Marashi Rouzbeh Bashar Ahmad Fayaz Maryam Fazeli Firouzeh Farahtaj Nader Howaizi Mohammad Reza Shirzadi |
author_sort |
Alireza Gholami |
title |
The Role of the Gray Wolf in Rabies Transmission in Iran and Preliminary Assessment of an Oral Rabies Vaccine in this Animal |
title_short |
The Role of the Gray Wolf in Rabies Transmission in Iran and Preliminary Assessment of an Oral Rabies Vaccine in this Animal |
title_full |
The Role of the Gray Wolf in Rabies Transmission in Iran and Preliminary Assessment of an Oral Rabies Vaccine in this Animal |
title_fullStr |
The Role of the Gray Wolf in Rabies Transmission in Iran and Preliminary Assessment of an Oral Rabies Vaccine in this Animal |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Role of the Gray Wolf in Rabies Transmission in Iran and Preliminary Assessment of an Oral Rabies Vaccine in this Animal |
title_sort |
role of the gray wolf in rabies transmission in iran and preliminary assessment of an oral rabies vaccine in this animal |
publisher |
Pasteur Institute of Iran |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/10d21ed892fd45aba166e681df3f5453 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(140.099,140.099,-66.625,-66.625) |
geographic |
Pasteur |
geographic_facet |
Pasteur |
genre |
Canis lupus gray wolf |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus gray wolf |
op_source |
Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Vol 5, Iss 3, Pp 56-61 (2017) |
op_relation |
http://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-155-en.html https://doaj.org/toc/2345-5349 https://doaj.org/toc/2345-5330 2345-5349 2345-5330 https://doaj.org/article/10d21ed892fd45aba166e681df3f5453 |
_version_ |
1766385876326154240 |