Distribution of karst caves with perennial ice in the Southern Urals and in the Cis-Urals
The paper presents systematized information about distribution of karst caves containing accumulations of old ice and snow outside the zone of continuous permafrost. It was found that among total number of 1,150 caves in the region known by January 1, 2022, the old ice had been registered only in 68...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:0ec5f675df2249fab017310b59aeeddf 2023-05-15T16:37:23+02:00 Distribution of karst caves with perennial ice in the Southern Urals and in the Cis-Urals A. I. Smirnov Yu. V. Sokolov 2022-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.31857/S2076673422030138 https://doaj.org/article/0ec5f675df2249fab017310b59aeeddf RU rus Nauka https://ice-snow.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1031 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-6734 https://doaj.org/toc/2412-3765 2076-6734 2412-3765 doi:10.31857/S2076673422030138 https://doaj.org/article/0ec5f675df2249fab017310b59aeeddf Лëд и снег, Vol 62, Iss 3, Pp 363-376 (2022) снежно-ледяные образования закономерности распространения пещера аскынская пещера ледяная-липовая Science Q article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.31857/S2076673422030138 2023-03-19T01:40:11Z The paper presents systematized information about distribution of karst caves containing accumulations of old ice and snow outside the zone of continuous permafrost. It was found that among total number of 1,150 caves in the region known by January 1, 2022, the old ice had been registered only in 68 (6%) ones. Distribution of them is conditioned by the general mechanisms of development of karst cavities, but a number of additional conditions are required to form the snow-ice accumulations within them. Ice and snow are formed mainly in bag-shaped caves confined to the middle and upper parts of river valleys, or in caves located in the upper reaches of the ravines on the watershed areas, the entrances to which are represented by wells, deep karst channels or are located in sinkholes. The intensity of accumulation and conservation of snow and ice in caves, under other favorable morphological and hydrogeological conditions, is directly dependent on the area of the entrance to the cave and the slope of the floor at its entrance. Snow-ice accumulations are represented by ice bodies, stalactites and stalagmites, hoarfrost and large ice crystals, snow, firn and ice. The most developed of them is ice. The maximum recorded area of the cave ice is 5000 m2, its thickness is 11 m, the depth of penetration of glaciation deep into the karst massif from the entrance reaches 70 m, and the length is 250 m. Factors that reduce the accumulation of snow and ice in the caves of the region include: periodic flooding of karst cavities, shortening of woody vegetation on the surface above them, and cave attendance. On the case of the Askynskaya cave, the dependence of the state of snow-ice accumulations on local climatic conditions and the degree of anthropogenic load has been determined. It is recommended to monitor the state of snow and ice formations in the rarely visited Ledyanaya-Lipovaya cave with the most thick icing, in order to establish a correlation between the state of glaciation of the cave and changes in local climatic ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Ice permafrost Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
Russian |
topic |
снежно-ледяные образования закономерности распространения пещера аскынская пещера ледяная-липовая Science Q |
spellingShingle |
снежно-ледяные образования закономерности распространения пещера аскынская пещера ледяная-липовая Science Q A. I. Smirnov Yu. V. Sokolov Distribution of karst caves with perennial ice in the Southern Urals and in the Cis-Urals |
topic_facet |
снежно-ледяные образования закономерности распространения пещера аскынская пещера ледяная-липовая Science Q |
description |
The paper presents systematized information about distribution of karst caves containing accumulations of old ice and snow outside the zone of continuous permafrost. It was found that among total number of 1,150 caves in the region known by January 1, 2022, the old ice had been registered only in 68 (6%) ones. Distribution of them is conditioned by the general mechanisms of development of karst cavities, but a number of additional conditions are required to form the snow-ice accumulations within them. Ice and snow are formed mainly in bag-shaped caves confined to the middle and upper parts of river valleys, or in caves located in the upper reaches of the ravines on the watershed areas, the entrances to which are represented by wells, deep karst channels or are located in sinkholes. The intensity of accumulation and conservation of snow and ice in caves, under other favorable morphological and hydrogeological conditions, is directly dependent on the area of the entrance to the cave and the slope of the floor at its entrance. Snow-ice accumulations are represented by ice bodies, stalactites and stalagmites, hoarfrost and large ice crystals, snow, firn and ice. The most developed of them is ice. The maximum recorded area of the cave ice is 5000 m2, its thickness is 11 m, the depth of penetration of glaciation deep into the karst massif from the entrance reaches 70 m, and the length is 250 m. Factors that reduce the accumulation of snow and ice in the caves of the region include: periodic flooding of karst cavities, shortening of woody vegetation on the surface above them, and cave attendance. On the case of the Askynskaya cave, the dependence of the state of snow-ice accumulations on local climatic conditions and the degree of anthropogenic load has been determined. It is recommended to monitor the state of snow and ice formations in the rarely visited Ledyanaya-Lipovaya cave with the most thick icing, in order to establish a correlation between the state of glaciation of the cave and changes in local climatic ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
A. I. Smirnov Yu. V. Sokolov |
author_facet |
A. I. Smirnov Yu. V. Sokolov |
author_sort |
A. I. Smirnov |
title |
Distribution of karst caves with perennial ice in the Southern Urals and in the Cis-Urals |
title_short |
Distribution of karst caves with perennial ice in the Southern Urals and in the Cis-Urals |
title_full |
Distribution of karst caves with perennial ice in the Southern Urals and in the Cis-Urals |
title_fullStr |
Distribution of karst caves with perennial ice in the Southern Urals and in the Cis-Urals |
title_full_unstemmed |
Distribution of karst caves with perennial ice in the Southern Urals and in the Cis-Urals |
title_sort |
distribution of karst caves with perennial ice in the southern urals and in the cis-urals |
publisher |
Nauka |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.31857/S2076673422030138 https://doaj.org/article/0ec5f675df2249fab017310b59aeeddf |
genre |
Ice permafrost |
genre_facet |
Ice permafrost |
op_source |
Лëд и снег, Vol 62, Iss 3, Pp 363-376 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://ice-snow.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1031 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-6734 https://doaj.org/toc/2412-3765 2076-6734 2412-3765 doi:10.31857/S2076673422030138 https://doaj.org/article/0ec5f675df2249fab017310b59aeeddf |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.31857/S2076673422030138 |
_version_ |
1766027681935130624 |