Increased Wounding of Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis) Calves by Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus) at Península Valdés, Argentina.
At least 626 southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) calves died at the Península Valdés calving ground, Argentina, between 2003 and 2014. Intense gull harassment may have contributed to these deaths. In the 1970s, Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus) began feeding on skin and blubber pecked from the b...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:0ec3bd19502241ddac60781165a386ae 2023-05-15T18:26:17+02:00 Increased Wounding of Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis) Calves by Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus) at Península Valdés, Argentina. Carina F Marón Lucas Beltramino Matías Di Martino Andrea Chirife Jon Seger Marcela Uhart Mariano Sironi Victoria J Rowntree 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139291 https://doaj.org/article/0ec3bd19502241ddac60781165a386ae EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4619304?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0139291 https://doaj.org/article/0ec3bd19502241ddac60781165a386ae PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 10, p e0139291 (2015) Medicine R Science Q article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139291 2022-12-31T11:40:13Z At least 626 southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) calves died at the Península Valdés calving ground, Argentina, between 2003 and 2014. Intense gull harassment may have contributed to these deaths. In the 1970s, Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus) began feeding on skin and blubber pecked from the backs of living right whales at Valdés. The frequency of gull attacks has increased dramatically over the last three decades and mother-calf pairs are the primary targets. Pairs attacked by gulls spend less time nursing, resting and playing than pairs not under attack. In successive attacks, gulls open new lesions on the whales' backs or enlarge preexisting ones. Increased wounding could potentially lead to dehydration, impaired thermoregulation, and energy loss to wound healing. The presence, number and total area of gull-inflicted lesions were assessed using aerial survey photographs of living mother-calf pairs in 1974-2011 (n = 2680) and stranding photographs of dead calves (n = 192) in 2003-2011. The percentage of living mothers and calves with gull lesions increased from an average of 2% in the 1970s to 99% in the 2000s. In the 1980s and 1990s, mothers and calves had roughly equal numbers of lesions (one to five), but by the 2000s, calves had more lesions (nine or more) covering a greater area of their backs compared to their mothers. Living mother-calf pairs and dead calves in Golfo Nuevo had more lesions than those in Golfo San José in the 2000s. The number and area of lesions increased with calf age during the calving season. Intensified Kelp Gull harassment at Península Valdés could be compromising calf health and thereby contributing to the high average rate of calf mortality observed in recent years, but it cannot explain the large year-to-year variance in calf deaths since 2000. Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Right Whale Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Argentina PLOS ONE 10 10 e0139291 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
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language |
English |
topic |
Medicine R Science Q |
spellingShingle |
Medicine R Science Q Carina F Marón Lucas Beltramino Matías Di Martino Andrea Chirife Jon Seger Marcela Uhart Mariano Sironi Victoria J Rowntree Increased Wounding of Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis) Calves by Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus) at Península Valdés, Argentina. |
topic_facet |
Medicine R Science Q |
description |
At least 626 southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) calves died at the Península Valdés calving ground, Argentina, between 2003 and 2014. Intense gull harassment may have contributed to these deaths. In the 1970s, Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus) began feeding on skin and blubber pecked from the backs of living right whales at Valdés. The frequency of gull attacks has increased dramatically over the last three decades and mother-calf pairs are the primary targets. Pairs attacked by gulls spend less time nursing, resting and playing than pairs not under attack. In successive attacks, gulls open new lesions on the whales' backs or enlarge preexisting ones. Increased wounding could potentially lead to dehydration, impaired thermoregulation, and energy loss to wound healing. The presence, number and total area of gull-inflicted lesions were assessed using aerial survey photographs of living mother-calf pairs in 1974-2011 (n = 2680) and stranding photographs of dead calves (n = 192) in 2003-2011. The percentage of living mothers and calves with gull lesions increased from an average of 2% in the 1970s to 99% in the 2000s. In the 1980s and 1990s, mothers and calves had roughly equal numbers of lesions (one to five), but by the 2000s, calves had more lesions (nine or more) covering a greater area of their backs compared to their mothers. Living mother-calf pairs and dead calves in Golfo Nuevo had more lesions than those in Golfo San José in the 2000s. The number and area of lesions increased with calf age during the calving season. Intensified Kelp Gull harassment at Península Valdés could be compromising calf health and thereby contributing to the high average rate of calf mortality observed in recent years, but it cannot explain the large year-to-year variance in calf deaths since 2000. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Carina F Marón Lucas Beltramino Matías Di Martino Andrea Chirife Jon Seger Marcela Uhart Mariano Sironi Victoria J Rowntree |
author_facet |
Carina F Marón Lucas Beltramino Matías Di Martino Andrea Chirife Jon Seger Marcela Uhart Mariano Sironi Victoria J Rowntree |
author_sort |
Carina F Marón |
title |
Increased Wounding of Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis) Calves by Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus) at Península Valdés, Argentina. |
title_short |
Increased Wounding of Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis) Calves by Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus) at Península Valdés, Argentina. |
title_full |
Increased Wounding of Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis) Calves by Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus) at Península Valdés, Argentina. |
title_fullStr |
Increased Wounding of Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis) Calves by Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus) at Península Valdés, Argentina. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Increased Wounding of Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis) Calves by Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus) at Península Valdés, Argentina. |
title_sort |
increased wounding of southern right whale (eubalaena australis) calves by kelp gulls (larus dominicanus) at península valdés, argentina. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139291 https://doaj.org/article/0ec3bd19502241ddac60781165a386ae |
geographic |
Argentina |
geographic_facet |
Argentina |
genre |
Southern Right Whale |
genre_facet |
Southern Right Whale |
op_source |
PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 10, p e0139291 (2015) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4619304?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0139291 https://doaj.org/article/0ec3bd19502241ddac60781165a386ae |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139291 |
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PLOS ONE |
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10 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
e0139291 |
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