Surge dynamics in the Nathorstbreen glacier system, Svalbard
Nathorstbreen glacier system (NGS) recently experienced the largest surge in Svalbard since 1936, and this was examined using spatial and temporal observations from DEM differencing, time series of surface velocities from satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and other sources. The upper basins w...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:0d8d31807e8041e2bdbf7056397ab633 2023-05-15T16:22:09+02:00 Surge dynamics in the Nathorstbreen glacier system, Svalbard M. Sund T. R. Lauknes T. Eiken 2014-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-623-2014 https://doaj.org/article/0d8d31807e8041e2bdbf7056397ab633 EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.the-cryosphere.net/8/623/2014/tc-8-623-2014.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 1994-0416 1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-8-623-2014 https://doaj.org/article/0d8d31807e8041e2bdbf7056397ab633 The Cryosphere, Vol 8, Iss 2, Pp 623-638 (2014) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2014 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-623-2014 2022-12-30T22:10:51Z Nathorstbreen glacier system (NGS) recently experienced the largest surge in Svalbard since 1936, and this was examined using spatial and temporal observations from DEM differencing, time series of surface velocities from satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and other sources. The upper basins with maximum accumulation during quiescence corresponded to regions of initial lowering. Initial speed-up exceeded quiescent velocities by a factor of several tens. This suggests that polythermal glacier surges are initiated in the temperate area before mass is displaced downglacier. Subsequent downglacier mass displacement coincided with areas where glacier velocity increased by a factor of 100–200 times (stage 2). After more than 5 years, the joint NGS terminus advanced abruptly into the fjord during winter, increasing velocities even more. The advance was followed by up-glacier propagation of crevasses, indicating the middle and subsequently the upper part of the glaciers reacting to the mass displacement. NGS advanced ~15 km, while another ~3 km length was lost due to calving. Surface lowering of ~50 m was observed in some up-glacier areas, and in 5 years the total glacier area increased by 20%. Maximum measured flow rates were at least 25 m d −1 , 2500 times quiescent velocity, while average velocities were about 10 m d −1 . The surges of Zawadzkibreen cycle with ca. 70-year periods. Article in Journal/Newspaper glacier Svalbard The Cryosphere Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Nathorstbreen ENVELOPE(16.215,16.215,77.437,77.437) Svalbard The Cryosphere 8 2 623 638 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 M. Sund T. R. Lauknes T. Eiken Surge dynamics in the Nathorstbreen glacier system, Svalbard |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Nathorstbreen glacier system (NGS) recently experienced the largest surge in Svalbard since 1936, and this was examined using spatial and temporal observations from DEM differencing, time series of surface velocities from satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and other sources. The upper basins with maximum accumulation during quiescence corresponded to regions of initial lowering. Initial speed-up exceeded quiescent velocities by a factor of several tens. This suggests that polythermal glacier surges are initiated in the temperate area before mass is displaced downglacier. Subsequent downglacier mass displacement coincided with areas where glacier velocity increased by a factor of 100–200 times (stage 2). After more than 5 years, the joint NGS terminus advanced abruptly into the fjord during winter, increasing velocities even more. The advance was followed by up-glacier propagation of crevasses, indicating the middle and subsequently the upper part of the glaciers reacting to the mass displacement. NGS advanced ~15 km, while another ~3 km length was lost due to calving. Surface lowering of ~50 m was observed in some up-glacier areas, and in 5 years the total glacier area increased by 20%. Maximum measured flow rates were at least 25 m d −1 , 2500 times quiescent velocity, while average velocities were about 10 m d −1 . The surges of Zawadzkibreen cycle with ca. 70-year periods. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
M. Sund T. R. Lauknes T. Eiken |
author_facet |
M. Sund T. R. Lauknes T. Eiken |
author_sort |
M. Sund |
title |
Surge dynamics in the Nathorstbreen glacier system, Svalbard |
title_short |
Surge dynamics in the Nathorstbreen glacier system, Svalbard |
title_full |
Surge dynamics in the Nathorstbreen glacier system, Svalbard |
title_fullStr |
Surge dynamics in the Nathorstbreen glacier system, Svalbard |
title_full_unstemmed |
Surge dynamics in the Nathorstbreen glacier system, Svalbard |
title_sort |
surge dynamics in the nathorstbreen glacier system, svalbard |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-623-2014 https://doaj.org/article/0d8d31807e8041e2bdbf7056397ab633 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(16.215,16.215,77.437,77.437) |
geographic |
Nathorstbreen Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Nathorstbreen Svalbard |
genre |
glacier Svalbard The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
glacier Svalbard The Cryosphere |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 8, Iss 2, Pp 623-638 (2014) |
op_relation |
http://www.the-cryosphere.net/8/623/2014/tc-8-623-2014.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 1994-0416 1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-8-623-2014 https://doaj.org/article/0d8d31807e8041e2bdbf7056397ab633 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-623-2014 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
623 |
op_container_end_page |
638 |
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1766010117768085504 |