Factors associated with severe human Rift Valley fever in Sangailu, Garissa County, Kenya.

BACKGROUND:Mosquito-borne Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) causes acute, often severe, disease in livestock and humans. To determine the exposure factors and range of symptoms associated with human RVF, we performed a population-based cross-sectional survey in six villages across a 40 km transect in n...

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Published in:PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Main Authors: A Desirée LaBeaud, Sarah Pfeil, Samuel Muiruri, Saidi Dahir, Laura J Sutherland, Zachary Traylor, Ginny Gildengorin, Eric M Muchiri, John Morrill, C J Peters, Amy G Hise, James W Kazura, Charles H King
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2015
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003548
https://doaj.org/article/0d7ad8c2a4df406a8e400bd61c24db7b
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spelling ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:0d7ad8c2a4df406a8e400bd61c24db7b 2023-05-15T15:15:34+02:00 Factors associated with severe human Rift Valley fever in Sangailu, Garissa County, Kenya. A Desirée LaBeaud Sarah Pfeil Samuel Muiruri Saidi Dahir Laura J Sutherland Zachary Traylor Ginny Gildengorin Eric M Muchiri John Morrill C J Peters Amy G Hise James W Kazura Charles H King 2015-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003548 https://doaj.org/article/0d7ad8c2a4df406a8e400bd61c24db7b EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4357470?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003548 https://doaj.org/article/0d7ad8c2a4df406a8e400bd61c24db7b PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 9, Iss 3, p e0003548 (2015) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003548 2022-12-31T02:02:56Z BACKGROUND:Mosquito-borne Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) causes acute, often severe, disease in livestock and humans. To determine the exposure factors and range of symptoms associated with human RVF, we performed a population-based cross-sectional survey in six villages across a 40 km transect in northeastern Kenya. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:A systematic survey of the total populations of six Northeastern Kenyan villages was performed. Among 1082 residents tested via anti-RVFV IgG ELISA, seroprevalence was 15% (CI95%, 13-17%). Prevalence did not vary significantly among villages. Subject age was a significant factor, with 31% (154/498) of adults seropositive vs. only 2% of children ≤15 years (12/583). Seroprevalence was higher among men (18%) than women (13%). Factors associated with seropositivity included a history of animal exposure, non-focal fever symptoms, symptoms related to meningoencephalitis, and eye symptoms. Using cluster analysis in RVFV positive participants, a more severe symptom phenotype was empirically defined as having somatic symptoms of acute fever plus eye symptoms, and possibly one or more meningoencephalitic or hemorrhagic symptoms. Associated with this more severe disease phenotype were older age, village, recent illness, and loss of a family member during the last outbreak. In multivariate analysis, sheltering livestock (aOR = 3.5 CI95% 0.93-13.61, P = 0.065), disposing of livestock abortus (aOR = 4.11, CI95% 0.63-26.79, P = 0.14), and village location (P = 0.009) were independently associated with the severe disease phenotype. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:Our results demonstrate that a significant proportion of the population in northeastern Kenya has been infected with RVFV. Village and certain animal husbandry activities were associated with more severe disease. Older age, male gender, herder occupation, killing and butchering livestock, and poor visual acuity were useful markers for increased RVFV infection. Formal vision testing may therefore prove to be a helpful, low-technology ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 9 3 e0003548
institution Open Polar
collection Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles
op_collection_id ftdoajarticles
language English
topic Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
RC955-962
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
spellingShingle Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
RC955-962
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
A Desirée LaBeaud
Sarah Pfeil
Samuel Muiruri
Saidi Dahir
Laura J Sutherland
Zachary Traylor
Ginny Gildengorin
Eric M Muchiri
John Morrill
C J Peters
Amy G Hise
James W Kazura
Charles H King
Factors associated with severe human Rift Valley fever in Sangailu, Garissa County, Kenya.
topic_facet Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
RC955-962
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
description BACKGROUND:Mosquito-borne Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) causes acute, often severe, disease in livestock and humans. To determine the exposure factors and range of symptoms associated with human RVF, we performed a population-based cross-sectional survey in six villages across a 40 km transect in northeastern Kenya. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:A systematic survey of the total populations of six Northeastern Kenyan villages was performed. Among 1082 residents tested via anti-RVFV IgG ELISA, seroprevalence was 15% (CI95%, 13-17%). Prevalence did not vary significantly among villages. Subject age was a significant factor, with 31% (154/498) of adults seropositive vs. only 2% of children ≤15 years (12/583). Seroprevalence was higher among men (18%) than women (13%). Factors associated with seropositivity included a history of animal exposure, non-focal fever symptoms, symptoms related to meningoencephalitis, and eye symptoms. Using cluster analysis in RVFV positive participants, a more severe symptom phenotype was empirically defined as having somatic symptoms of acute fever plus eye symptoms, and possibly one or more meningoencephalitic or hemorrhagic symptoms. Associated with this more severe disease phenotype were older age, village, recent illness, and loss of a family member during the last outbreak. In multivariate analysis, sheltering livestock (aOR = 3.5 CI95% 0.93-13.61, P = 0.065), disposing of livestock abortus (aOR = 4.11, CI95% 0.63-26.79, P = 0.14), and village location (P = 0.009) were independently associated with the severe disease phenotype. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:Our results demonstrate that a significant proportion of the population in northeastern Kenya has been infected with RVFV. Village and certain animal husbandry activities were associated with more severe disease. Older age, male gender, herder occupation, killing and butchering livestock, and poor visual acuity were useful markers for increased RVFV infection. Formal vision testing may therefore prove to be a helpful, low-technology ...
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author A Desirée LaBeaud
Sarah Pfeil
Samuel Muiruri
Saidi Dahir
Laura J Sutherland
Zachary Traylor
Ginny Gildengorin
Eric M Muchiri
John Morrill
C J Peters
Amy G Hise
James W Kazura
Charles H King
author_facet A Desirée LaBeaud
Sarah Pfeil
Samuel Muiruri
Saidi Dahir
Laura J Sutherland
Zachary Traylor
Ginny Gildengorin
Eric M Muchiri
John Morrill
C J Peters
Amy G Hise
James W Kazura
Charles H King
author_sort A Desirée LaBeaud
title Factors associated with severe human Rift Valley fever in Sangailu, Garissa County, Kenya.
title_short Factors associated with severe human Rift Valley fever in Sangailu, Garissa County, Kenya.
title_full Factors associated with severe human Rift Valley fever in Sangailu, Garissa County, Kenya.
title_fullStr Factors associated with severe human Rift Valley fever in Sangailu, Garissa County, Kenya.
title_full_unstemmed Factors associated with severe human Rift Valley fever in Sangailu, Garissa County, Kenya.
title_sort factors associated with severe human rift valley fever in sangailu, garissa county, kenya.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate 2015
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003548
https://doaj.org/article/0d7ad8c2a4df406a8e400bd61c24db7b
geographic Arctic
geographic_facet Arctic
genre Arctic
genre_facet Arctic
op_source PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 9, Iss 3, p e0003548 (2015)
op_relation http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4357470?pdf=render
https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727
https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735
1935-2727
1935-2735
doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003548
https://doaj.org/article/0d7ad8c2a4df406a8e400bd61c24db7b
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container_title PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
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