Factors associated with severe human Rift Valley fever in Sangailu, Garissa County, Kenya.
BACKGROUND:Mosquito-borne Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) causes acute, often severe, disease in livestock and humans. To determine the exposure factors and range of symptoms associated with human RVF, we performed a population-based cross-sectional survey in six villages across a 40 km transect in n...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:0d7ad8c2a4df406a8e400bd61c24db7b 2023-05-15T15:15:34+02:00 Factors associated with severe human Rift Valley fever in Sangailu, Garissa County, Kenya. A Desirée LaBeaud Sarah Pfeil Samuel Muiruri Saidi Dahir Laura J Sutherland Zachary Traylor Ginny Gildengorin Eric M Muchiri John Morrill C J Peters Amy G Hise James W Kazura Charles H King 2015-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003548 https://doaj.org/article/0d7ad8c2a4df406a8e400bd61c24db7b EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4357470?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003548 https://doaj.org/article/0d7ad8c2a4df406a8e400bd61c24db7b PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 9, Iss 3, p e0003548 (2015) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2015 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003548 2022-12-31T02:02:56Z BACKGROUND:Mosquito-borne Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) causes acute, often severe, disease in livestock and humans. To determine the exposure factors and range of symptoms associated with human RVF, we performed a population-based cross-sectional survey in six villages across a 40 km transect in northeastern Kenya. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:A systematic survey of the total populations of six Northeastern Kenyan villages was performed. Among 1082 residents tested via anti-RVFV IgG ELISA, seroprevalence was 15% (CI95%, 13-17%). Prevalence did not vary significantly among villages. Subject age was a significant factor, with 31% (154/498) of adults seropositive vs. only 2% of children ≤15 years (12/583). Seroprevalence was higher among men (18%) than women (13%). Factors associated with seropositivity included a history of animal exposure, non-focal fever symptoms, symptoms related to meningoencephalitis, and eye symptoms. Using cluster analysis in RVFV positive participants, a more severe symptom phenotype was empirically defined as having somatic symptoms of acute fever plus eye symptoms, and possibly one or more meningoencephalitic or hemorrhagic symptoms. Associated with this more severe disease phenotype were older age, village, recent illness, and loss of a family member during the last outbreak. In multivariate analysis, sheltering livestock (aOR = 3.5 CI95% 0.93-13.61, P = 0.065), disposing of livestock abortus (aOR = 4.11, CI95% 0.63-26.79, P = 0.14), and village location (P = 0.009) were independently associated with the severe disease phenotype. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:Our results demonstrate that a significant proportion of the population in northeastern Kenya has been infected with RVFV. Village and certain animal husbandry activities were associated with more severe disease. Older age, male gender, herder occupation, killing and butchering livestock, and poor visual acuity were useful markers for increased RVFV infection. Formal vision testing may therefore prove to be a helpful, low-technology ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 9 3 e0003548 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 A Desirée LaBeaud Sarah Pfeil Samuel Muiruri Saidi Dahir Laura J Sutherland Zachary Traylor Ginny Gildengorin Eric M Muchiri John Morrill C J Peters Amy G Hise James W Kazura Charles H King Factors associated with severe human Rift Valley fever in Sangailu, Garissa County, Kenya. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
BACKGROUND:Mosquito-borne Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) causes acute, often severe, disease in livestock and humans. To determine the exposure factors and range of symptoms associated with human RVF, we performed a population-based cross-sectional survey in six villages across a 40 km transect in northeastern Kenya. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:A systematic survey of the total populations of six Northeastern Kenyan villages was performed. Among 1082 residents tested via anti-RVFV IgG ELISA, seroprevalence was 15% (CI95%, 13-17%). Prevalence did not vary significantly among villages. Subject age was a significant factor, with 31% (154/498) of adults seropositive vs. only 2% of children ≤15 years (12/583). Seroprevalence was higher among men (18%) than women (13%). Factors associated with seropositivity included a history of animal exposure, non-focal fever symptoms, symptoms related to meningoencephalitis, and eye symptoms. Using cluster analysis in RVFV positive participants, a more severe symptom phenotype was empirically defined as having somatic symptoms of acute fever plus eye symptoms, and possibly one or more meningoencephalitic or hemorrhagic symptoms. Associated with this more severe disease phenotype were older age, village, recent illness, and loss of a family member during the last outbreak. In multivariate analysis, sheltering livestock (aOR = 3.5 CI95% 0.93-13.61, P = 0.065), disposing of livestock abortus (aOR = 4.11, CI95% 0.63-26.79, P = 0.14), and village location (P = 0.009) were independently associated with the severe disease phenotype. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:Our results demonstrate that a significant proportion of the population in northeastern Kenya has been infected with RVFV. Village and certain animal husbandry activities were associated with more severe disease. Older age, male gender, herder occupation, killing and butchering livestock, and poor visual acuity were useful markers for increased RVFV infection. Formal vision testing may therefore prove to be a helpful, low-technology ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
A Desirée LaBeaud Sarah Pfeil Samuel Muiruri Saidi Dahir Laura J Sutherland Zachary Traylor Ginny Gildengorin Eric M Muchiri John Morrill C J Peters Amy G Hise James W Kazura Charles H King |
author_facet |
A Desirée LaBeaud Sarah Pfeil Samuel Muiruri Saidi Dahir Laura J Sutherland Zachary Traylor Ginny Gildengorin Eric M Muchiri John Morrill C J Peters Amy G Hise James W Kazura Charles H King |
author_sort |
A Desirée LaBeaud |
title |
Factors associated with severe human Rift Valley fever in Sangailu, Garissa County, Kenya. |
title_short |
Factors associated with severe human Rift Valley fever in Sangailu, Garissa County, Kenya. |
title_full |
Factors associated with severe human Rift Valley fever in Sangailu, Garissa County, Kenya. |
title_fullStr |
Factors associated with severe human Rift Valley fever in Sangailu, Garissa County, Kenya. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Factors associated with severe human Rift Valley fever in Sangailu, Garissa County, Kenya. |
title_sort |
factors associated with severe human rift valley fever in sangailu, garissa county, kenya. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003548 https://doaj.org/article/0d7ad8c2a4df406a8e400bd61c24db7b |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 9, Iss 3, p e0003548 (2015) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4357470?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003548 https://doaj.org/article/0d7ad8c2a4df406a8e400bd61c24db7b |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003548 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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9 |
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3 |
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e0003548 |
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