A large proportion of asymptomatic Plasmodium infections with low and sub-microscopic parasite densities in the low transmission setting of Temotu Province, Solomon Islands: challenges for malaria diagnostics in an elimination setting
Abstract Background Many countries are scaling up malaria interventions towards elimination. This transition changes demands on malaria diagnostics from diagnosing ill patients to detecting parasites in all carriers including asymptomatic infections and infections with low parasite densities. Detect...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:0d26d3b4219c4402b5cc79656a27b792 2023-05-15T15:18:05+02:00 A large proportion of asymptomatic Plasmodium infections with low and sub-microscopic parasite densities in the low transmission setting of Temotu Province, Solomon Islands: challenges for malaria diagnostics in an elimination setting Harris Ivor Sharrock Wesley W Bain Lisa M Gray Karen-Ann Bobogare Albino Boaz Leonard Lilley Ken Krause Darren Vallely Andrew Johnson Marie-Louise Gatton Michelle L Shanks G Cheng Qin 2010-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-254 https://doaj.org/article/0d26d3b4219c4402b5cc79656a27b792 EN eng BMC http://www.malariajournal.com/content/9/1/254 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-9-254 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/0d26d3b4219c4402b5cc79656a27b792 Malaria Journal, Vol 9, Iss 1, p 254 (2010) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2010 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-254 2022-12-31T08:18:36Z Abstract Background Many countries are scaling up malaria interventions towards elimination. This transition changes demands on malaria diagnostics from diagnosing ill patients to detecting parasites in all carriers including asymptomatic infections and infections with low parasite densities. Detection methods suitable to local malaria epidemiology must be selected prior to transitioning a malaria control programme to elimination. A baseline malaria survey conducted in Temotu Province, Solomon Islands in late 2008, as the first step in a provincial malaria elimination programme, provided malaria epidemiology data and an opportunity to assess how well different diagnostic methods performed in this setting. Methods During the survey, 9,491 blood samples were collected and examined by microscopy for Plasmodium species and density, with a subset also examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). The performances of these diagnostic methods were compared. Results A total of 256 samples were positive by microscopy, giving a point prevalence of 2.7%. The species distribution was 17.5% Plasmodium falciparum and 82.4% Plasmodium vivax . In this low transmission setting, only 17.8% of the P. falciparum and 2.9% of P. vivax infected subjects were febrile (≥38°C) at the time of the survey. A significant proportion of infections detected by microscopy, 40% and 65.6% for P. falciparum and P. vivax respectively, had parasite density below 100/μL. There was an age correlation for the proportion of parasite density below 100/μL for P. vivax infections, but not for P. falciparum infections. PCR detected substantially more infections than microscopy (point prevalence of 8.71%), indicating a large number of subjects had sub-microscopic parasitemia. The concordance between PCR and microscopy in detecting single species was greater for P. vivax (135/162) compared to P. falciparum (36/118). The malaria RDT detected the 12 microscopy and PCR positive P. falciparum , but failed to detect 12/13 microscopy ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 9 1 254 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Harris Ivor Sharrock Wesley W Bain Lisa M Gray Karen-Ann Bobogare Albino Boaz Leonard Lilley Ken Krause Darren Vallely Andrew Johnson Marie-Louise Gatton Michelle L Shanks G Cheng Qin A large proportion of asymptomatic Plasmodium infections with low and sub-microscopic parasite densities in the low transmission setting of Temotu Province, Solomon Islands: challenges for malaria diagnostics in an elimination setting |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background Many countries are scaling up malaria interventions towards elimination. This transition changes demands on malaria diagnostics from diagnosing ill patients to detecting parasites in all carriers including asymptomatic infections and infections with low parasite densities. Detection methods suitable to local malaria epidemiology must be selected prior to transitioning a malaria control programme to elimination. A baseline malaria survey conducted in Temotu Province, Solomon Islands in late 2008, as the first step in a provincial malaria elimination programme, provided malaria epidemiology data and an opportunity to assess how well different diagnostic methods performed in this setting. Methods During the survey, 9,491 blood samples were collected and examined by microscopy for Plasmodium species and density, with a subset also examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). The performances of these diagnostic methods were compared. Results A total of 256 samples were positive by microscopy, giving a point prevalence of 2.7%. The species distribution was 17.5% Plasmodium falciparum and 82.4% Plasmodium vivax . In this low transmission setting, only 17.8% of the P. falciparum and 2.9% of P. vivax infected subjects were febrile (≥38°C) at the time of the survey. A significant proportion of infections detected by microscopy, 40% and 65.6% for P. falciparum and P. vivax respectively, had parasite density below 100/μL. There was an age correlation for the proportion of parasite density below 100/μL for P. vivax infections, but not for P. falciparum infections. PCR detected substantially more infections than microscopy (point prevalence of 8.71%), indicating a large number of subjects had sub-microscopic parasitemia. The concordance between PCR and microscopy in detecting single species was greater for P. vivax (135/162) compared to P. falciparum (36/118). The malaria RDT detected the 12 microscopy and PCR positive P. falciparum , but failed to detect 12/13 microscopy ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Harris Ivor Sharrock Wesley W Bain Lisa M Gray Karen-Ann Bobogare Albino Boaz Leonard Lilley Ken Krause Darren Vallely Andrew Johnson Marie-Louise Gatton Michelle L Shanks G Cheng Qin |
author_facet |
Harris Ivor Sharrock Wesley W Bain Lisa M Gray Karen-Ann Bobogare Albino Boaz Leonard Lilley Ken Krause Darren Vallely Andrew Johnson Marie-Louise Gatton Michelle L Shanks G Cheng Qin |
author_sort |
Harris Ivor |
title |
A large proportion of asymptomatic Plasmodium infections with low and sub-microscopic parasite densities in the low transmission setting of Temotu Province, Solomon Islands: challenges for malaria diagnostics in an elimination setting |
title_short |
A large proportion of asymptomatic Plasmodium infections with low and sub-microscopic parasite densities in the low transmission setting of Temotu Province, Solomon Islands: challenges for malaria diagnostics in an elimination setting |
title_full |
A large proportion of asymptomatic Plasmodium infections with low and sub-microscopic parasite densities in the low transmission setting of Temotu Province, Solomon Islands: challenges for malaria diagnostics in an elimination setting |
title_fullStr |
A large proportion of asymptomatic Plasmodium infections with low and sub-microscopic parasite densities in the low transmission setting of Temotu Province, Solomon Islands: challenges for malaria diagnostics in an elimination setting |
title_full_unstemmed |
A large proportion of asymptomatic Plasmodium infections with low and sub-microscopic parasite densities in the low transmission setting of Temotu Province, Solomon Islands: challenges for malaria diagnostics in an elimination setting |
title_sort |
large proportion of asymptomatic plasmodium infections with low and sub-microscopic parasite densities in the low transmission setting of temotu province, solomon islands: challenges for malaria diagnostics in an elimination setting |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-254 https://doaj.org/article/0d26d3b4219c4402b5cc79656a27b792 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 9, Iss 1, p 254 (2010) |
op_relation |
http://www.malariajournal.com/content/9/1/254 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-9-254 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/0d26d3b4219c4402b5cc79656a27b792 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-254 |
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Malaria Journal |
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9 |
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1 |
container_start_page |
254 |
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1766348320333103104 |