The Brain Anatomy of the Brown Bear (Carnivora, Ursus arctos L., 1758) Compared to That of Other Carnivorans: A Cross-Sectional Study Using MRI
In this study, we aimed to provide a neuroanatomy atlas derived from cross-sectional and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the encephalon of the brown bear (Ursus arctos). A postmortem brain analysis using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI – 1,5T; a high-resolution submillimeter three-dimensional T1...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:0cb9b81c88a6485f981533c4c4a2dc73 2023-05-15T18:41:49+02:00 The Brain Anatomy of the Brown Bear (Carnivora, Ursus arctos L., 1758) Compared to That of Other Carnivorans: A Cross-Sectional Study Using MRI Tomasz Sienkiewicz Agnieszka Sergiel Djuro Huber Robert Maślak Marcin Wrzosek Przemysław Podgórski Slaven Reljić Łukasz Paśko 2019-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2019.00079 https://doaj.org/article/0cb9b81c88a6485f981533c4c4a2dc73 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnana.2019.00079/full https://doaj.org/toc/1662-5129 1662-5129 doi:10.3389/fnana.2019.00079 https://doaj.org/article/0cb9b81c88a6485f981533c4c4a2dc73 Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, Vol 13 (2019) comparative neuroanatomy ursids brain imaging brown bear (Ursus arctos) Carnivora Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Human anatomy QM1-695 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2019.00079 2022-12-31T01:45:51Z In this study, we aimed to provide a neuroanatomy atlas derived from cross-sectional and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the encephalon of the brown bear (Ursus arctos). A postmortem brain analysis using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI – 1,5T; a high-resolution submillimeter three-dimensional T1-3D FFE) and cross-sectional macroscopic anatomy methods revealed major embryological and anatomical subdivisions of the encephalon, including the ventricular system. Most of the internal structures were comparably identifiable in both methods. The tractus olfactorius medialis, corpus subthalamicum, brachium colliculi rostralis, fasciculus longitudinalis medialis, nuclei vestibulares, velum medullare rostrale, nucleus fastigii, fasciculi cuneatus et gracilis were identified entirely by cross-sectional macroscopic analysis. However, the glandula pinealis, lemniscus lateralis and nuclei rhaphe were visualized only with MRI. Gross neuroanatomic analysis provided information about sulci and gyri of the cerebral hemispheres, components of the vermis and cerebellar hemispheres, and relative size and morphology of constituents of the rhinencephalon and cerebellum constituents. Similarities and discrepancies in identification of structures provided by both methods, as well as hallmarks of the structures facilitating identification using these methods are discussed. Finally, we compare the brown bear encephalon with other carnivores and discuss most of the identified structures compared to those of the domestic dog, the domestic cat, Ursidae and Mustelidae families and Pinnipedia clade. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ursus arctos Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Frontiers in Neuroanatomy 13 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
comparative neuroanatomy ursids brain imaging brown bear (Ursus arctos) Carnivora Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Human anatomy QM1-695 |
spellingShingle |
comparative neuroanatomy ursids brain imaging brown bear (Ursus arctos) Carnivora Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Human anatomy QM1-695 Tomasz Sienkiewicz Agnieszka Sergiel Djuro Huber Robert Maślak Marcin Wrzosek Przemysław Podgórski Slaven Reljić Łukasz Paśko The Brain Anatomy of the Brown Bear (Carnivora, Ursus arctos L., 1758) Compared to That of Other Carnivorans: A Cross-Sectional Study Using MRI |
topic_facet |
comparative neuroanatomy ursids brain imaging brown bear (Ursus arctos) Carnivora Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Human anatomy QM1-695 |
description |
In this study, we aimed to provide a neuroanatomy atlas derived from cross-sectional and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the encephalon of the brown bear (Ursus arctos). A postmortem brain analysis using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI – 1,5T; a high-resolution submillimeter three-dimensional T1-3D FFE) and cross-sectional macroscopic anatomy methods revealed major embryological and anatomical subdivisions of the encephalon, including the ventricular system. Most of the internal structures were comparably identifiable in both methods. The tractus olfactorius medialis, corpus subthalamicum, brachium colliculi rostralis, fasciculus longitudinalis medialis, nuclei vestibulares, velum medullare rostrale, nucleus fastigii, fasciculi cuneatus et gracilis were identified entirely by cross-sectional macroscopic analysis. However, the glandula pinealis, lemniscus lateralis and nuclei rhaphe were visualized only with MRI. Gross neuroanatomic analysis provided information about sulci and gyri of the cerebral hemispheres, components of the vermis and cerebellar hemispheres, and relative size and morphology of constituents of the rhinencephalon and cerebellum constituents. Similarities and discrepancies in identification of structures provided by both methods, as well as hallmarks of the structures facilitating identification using these methods are discussed. Finally, we compare the brown bear encephalon with other carnivores and discuss most of the identified structures compared to those of the domestic dog, the domestic cat, Ursidae and Mustelidae families and Pinnipedia clade. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tomasz Sienkiewicz Agnieszka Sergiel Djuro Huber Robert Maślak Marcin Wrzosek Przemysław Podgórski Slaven Reljić Łukasz Paśko |
author_facet |
Tomasz Sienkiewicz Agnieszka Sergiel Djuro Huber Robert Maślak Marcin Wrzosek Przemysław Podgórski Slaven Reljić Łukasz Paśko |
author_sort |
Tomasz Sienkiewicz |
title |
The Brain Anatomy of the Brown Bear (Carnivora, Ursus arctos L., 1758) Compared to That of Other Carnivorans: A Cross-Sectional Study Using MRI |
title_short |
The Brain Anatomy of the Brown Bear (Carnivora, Ursus arctos L., 1758) Compared to That of Other Carnivorans: A Cross-Sectional Study Using MRI |
title_full |
The Brain Anatomy of the Brown Bear (Carnivora, Ursus arctos L., 1758) Compared to That of Other Carnivorans: A Cross-Sectional Study Using MRI |
title_fullStr |
The Brain Anatomy of the Brown Bear (Carnivora, Ursus arctos L., 1758) Compared to That of Other Carnivorans: A Cross-Sectional Study Using MRI |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Brain Anatomy of the Brown Bear (Carnivora, Ursus arctos L., 1758) Compared to That of Other Carnivorans: A Cross-Sectional Study Using MRI |
title_sort |
brain anatomy of the brown bear (carnivora, ursus arctos l., 1758) compared to that of other carnivorans: a cross-sectional study using mri |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2019.00079 https://doaj.org/article/0cb9b81c88a6485f981533c4c4a2dc73 |
genre |
Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Ursus arctos |
op_source |
Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, Vol 13 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnana.2019.00079/full https://doaj.org/toc/1662-5129 1662-5129 doi:10.3389/fnana.2019.00079 https://doaj.org/article/0cb9b81c88a6485f981533c4c4a2dc73 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2019.00079 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Neuroanatomy |
container_volume |
13 |
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1766231362948300800 |