Clinical parameters of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae disease and ivermectin treatment in New Zealand sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri) pups.
Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae infection causes significant mortality of endangered New Zealand sea lion pups at Enderby Island, Auckland Islands. Gross necropsy and histopathology findings are well reported, but little is known about the clinical course of disease in affected pups. To determin...
Published in: | PLOS ONE |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264582 https://doaj.org/article/0c4c074c014c4b6d9edd9970ffbf5e49 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:0c4c074c014c4b6d9edd9970ffbf5e49 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:0c4c074c014c4b6d9edd9970ffbf5e49 2023-05-15T15:33:42+02:00 Clinical parameters of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae disease and ivermectin treatment in New Zealand sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri) pups. Sarah A Michael David T S Hayman Rachael Gray Wendi D Roe 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264582 https://doaj.org/article/0c4c074c014c4b6d9edd9970ffbf5e49 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264582 https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0264582 https://doaj.org/article/0c4c074c014c4b6d9edd9970ffbf5e49 PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 3, p e0264582 (2022) Medicine R Science Q article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264582 2022-12-31T16:14:58Z Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae infection causes significant mortality of endangered New Zealand sea lion pups at Enderby Island, Auckland Islands. Gross necropsy and histopathology findings are well reported, but little is known about the clinical course of disease in affected pups. To determine factors feasible as clinical screening tools for hypervirulent K. pneumoniae in live pups, 150 pups over two field seasons (2016-18) were recruited shortly after birth for a prospective cohort study. A randomised controlled clinical treatment trial with the anthelmintic ivermectin was conducted concurrently and risk factor data and biological samples were collected approximately fortnightly. Treatment with ivermectin has been demonstrated to reduce the risk of hypervirulent K. pneumoniae mortality in pups, so effects on clinical parameters between the treated and control cohorts were also investigated. A broader sample of pups were monitored for clinical signs to investigate the course of disease in affected pups. Clinical signs, haematology and oral and rectal swabs to detect gastrointestinal carriage of hypervirulent K. pneumoniae were not useful for detection of disease prior to death. Of those pups that died due to hypervirulent K. pneumoniae, only 26.1% (18/69) had any clinical signs prior, likely a reflection of the peracute course of disease. On comparison of haematological parameters between ivermectin-treated and control pups, significantly lower total plasma protein and higher eosinophil counts were seen in control versus treated pups, however standard length as a surrogate for age was a more important influence on parameters overall than ivermectin treatment. This study also highlighted a cohort of pups with severe clinical signs suggestive of hypervirulent K. pneumoniae infection were lost to follow up at the end of the monitored season, which could be contributing to cryptic juvenile mortality. Article in Journal/Newspaper Auckland Islands Enderby Island Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles New Zealand PLOS ONE 17 3 e0264582 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Medicine R Science Q |
spellingShingle |
Medicine R Science Q Sarah A Michael David T S Hayman Rachael Gray Wendi D Roe Clinical parameters of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae disease and ivermectin treatment in New Zealand sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri) pups. |
topic_facet |
Medicine R Science Q |
description |
Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae infection causes significant mortality of endangered New Zealand sea lion pups at Enderby Island, Auckland Islands. Gross necropsy and histopathology findings are well reported, but little is known about the clinical course of disease in affected pups. To determine factors feasible as clinical screening tools for hypervirulent K. pneumoniae in live pups, 150 pups over two field seasons (2016-18) were recruited shortly after birth for a prospective cohort study. A randomised controlled clinical treatment trial with the anthelmintic ivermectin was conducted concurrently and risk factor data and biological samples were collected approximately fortnightly. Treatment with ivermectin has been demonstrated to reduce the risk of hypervirulent K. pneumoniae mortality in pups, so effects on clinical parameters between the treated and control cohorts were also investigated. A broader sample of pups were monitored for clinical signs to investigate the course of disease in affected pups. Clinical signs, haematology and oral and rectal swabs to detect gastrointestinal carriage of hypervirulent K. pneumoniae were not useful for detection of disease prior to death. Of those pups that died due to hypervirulent K. pneumoniae, only 26.1% (18/69) had any clinical signs prior, likely a reflection of the peracute course of disease. On comparison of haematological parameters between ivermectin-treated and control pups, significantly lower total plasma protein and higher eosinophil counts were seen in control versus treated pups, however standard length as a surrogate for age was a more important influence on parameters overall than ivermectin treatment. This study also highlighted a cohort of pups with severe clinical signs suggestive of hypervirulent K. pneumoniae infection were lost to follow up at the end of the monitored season, which could be contributing to cryptic juvenile mortality. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sarah A Michael David T S Hayman Rachael Gray Wendi D Roe |
author_facet |
Sarah A Michael David T S Hayman Rachael Gray Wendi D Roe |
author_sort |
Sarah A Michael |
title |
Clinical parameters of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae disease and ivermectin treatment in New Zealand sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri) pups. |
title_short |
Clinical parameters of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae disease and ivermectin treatment in New Zealand sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri) pups. |
title_full |
Clinical parameters of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae disease and ivermectin treatment in New Zealand sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri) pups. |
title_fullStr |
Clinical parameters of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae disease and ivermectin treatment in New Zealand sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri) pups. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Clinical parameters of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae disease and ivermectin treatment in New Zealand sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri) pups. |
title_sort |
clinical parameters of hypervirulent klebsiella pneumoniae disease and ivermectin treatment in new zealand sea lion (phocarctos hookeri) pups. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264582 https://doaj.org/article/0c4c074c014c4b6d9edd9970ffbf5e49 |
geographic |
New Zealand |
geographic_facet |
New Zealand |
genre |
Auckland Islands Enderby Island |
genre_facet |
Auckland Islands Enderby Island |
op_source |
PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 3, p e0264582 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264582 https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0264582 https://doaj.org/article/0c4c074c014c4b6d9edd9970ffbf5e49 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264582 |
container_title |
PLOS ONE |
container_volume |
17 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
e0264582 |
_version_ |
1766364230392479744 |