Transcriptomic Evidence Reveals the Molecular Basis for Functional Differentiation of Hemocytes in a Marine Invertebrate, Crassostrea gigas
Hemocytes play unequivocally central roles in host immune defense of bivalve mollusks, though the exact mechanisms underlying their functional differentiation are only partially understood. To this end, granulocytes and hyalinocytes were sorted via flow cytometry from hemocytes of the Pacific oyster...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:0b45f68104244f189bfc391556f0725c 2023-05-15T15:58:10+02:00 Transcriptomic Evidence Reveals the Molecular Basis for Functional Differentiation of Hemocytes in a Marine Invertebrate, Crassostrea gigas Fan Mao Nai-Kei Wong Yue Lin Xiangyu Zhang Kunna Liu Minwei Huang Duo Xu Zhiming Xiang Jun Li Yang Zhang Ziniu Yu 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00911 https://doaj.org/article/0b45f68104244f189bfc391556f0725c EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00911/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224 1664-3224 doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00911 https://doaj.org/article/0b45f68104244f189bfc391556f0725c Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 11 (2020) oyster functional differentiation granulocytes Cdc42 Fos Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00911 2022-12-31T05:49:13Z Hemocytes play unequivocally central roles in host immune defense of bivalve mollusks, though the exact mechanisms underlying their functional differentiation are only partially understood. To this end, granulocytes and hyalinocytes were sorted via flow cytometry from hemocytes of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, and consequently quantitative transcriptomic analysis revealed a striking array of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were globally upregulated in granulocytes, dedicating to functional differentiation among oyster hemocytes. Our network of DEGs illustrated actively engaged signaling pathways, with Cdc42/Cdc42l being a core regulator of pathway network, which was validated by a dramatically reduced capacity for hemocyte phagocytosis in the presence of Cdc42 inhibitors. Additionally, a number of transcription factors were identified among DEGs, including ELK, HELT, and Fos, which were predominantly expressed in granulocytes. The AP-1 transcription factor Fos was confirmed to facilitate functional differentiation of hemocytes in an assay on binding to target genes by the AP-1 binding site, consistent with downstream phagocytosis and ROS production. Importantly, Cdc42/Cdc42l were also regulated by the expression of Fos, providing a possible regulatory mechanism-guided hemocyte functional differentiation. Findings in this study have bridged a knowledge gap on the mechanistic underpinnings of functional differentiation of hemocytes in a marine invertebrate C. gigas, which promise to facilitate research on the evolution of immune defense and functional differentiation of phagocyte in higher-order and more recent phyla. Article in Journal/Newspaper Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Pacific Frontiers in Immunology 11 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
oyster functional differentiation granulocytes Cdc42 Fos Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 |
spellingShingle |
oyster functional differentiation granulocytes Cdc42 Fos Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Fan Mao Nai-Kei Wong Yue Lin Xiangyu Zhang Kunna Liu Minwei Huang Duo Xu Zhiming Xiang Jun Li Yang Zhang Ziniu Yu Transcriptomic Evidence Reveals the Molecular Basis for Functional Differentiation of Hemocytes in a Marine Invertebrate, Crassostrea gigas |
topic_facet |
oyster functional differentiation granulocytes Cdc42 Fos Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 |
description |
Hemocytes play unequivocally central roles in host immune defense of bivalve mollusks, though the exact mechanisms underlying their functional differentiation are only partially understood. To this end, granulocytes and hyalinocytes were sorted via flow cytometry from hemocytes of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, and consequently quantitative transcriptomic analysis revealed a striking array of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were globally upregulated in granulocytes, dedicating to functional differentiation among oyster hemocytes. Our network of DEGs illustrated actively engaged signaling pathways, with Cdc42/Cdc42l being a core regulator of pathway network, which was validated by a dramatically reduced capacity for hemocyte phagocytosis in the presence of Cdc42 inhibitors. Additionally, a number of transcription factors were identified among DEGs, including ELK, HELT, and Fos, which were predominantly expressed in granulocytes. The AP-1 transcription factor Fos was confirmed to facilitate functional differentiation of hemocytes in an assay on binding to target genes by the AP-1 binding site, consistent with downstream phagocytosis and ROS production. Importantly, Cdc42/Cdc42l were also regulated by the expression of Fos, providing a possible regulatory mechanism-guided hemocyte functional differentiation. Findings in this study have bridged a knowledge gap on the mechanistic underpinnings of functional differentiation of hemocytes in a marine invertebrate C. gigas, which promise to facilitate research on the evolution of immune defense and functional differentiation of phagocyte in higher-order and more recent phyla. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Fan Mao Nai-Kei Wong Yue Lin Xiangyu Zhang Kunna Liu Minwei Huang Duo Xu Zhiming Xiang Jun Li Yang Zhang Ziniu Yu |
author_facet |
Fan Mao Nai-Kei Wong Yue Lin Xiangyu Zhang Kunna Liu Minwei Huang Duo Xu Zhiming Xiang Jun Li Yang Zhang Ziniu Yu |
author_sort |
Fan Mao |
title |
Transcriptomic Evidence Reveals the Molecular Basis for Functional Differentiation of Hemocytes in a Marine Invertebrate, Crassostrea gigas |
title_short |
Transcriptomic Evidence Reveals the Molecular Basis for Functional Differentiation of Hemocytes in a Marine Invertebrate, Crassostrea gigas |
title_full |
Transcriptomic Evidence Reveals the Molecular Basis for Functional Differentiation of Hemocytes in a Marine Invertebrate, Crassostrea gigas |
title_fullStr |
Transcriptomic Evidence Reveals the Molecular Basis for Functional Differentiation of Hemocytes in a Marine Invertebrate, Crassostrea gigas |
title_full_unstemmed |
Transcriptomic Evidence Reveals the Molecular Basis for Functional Differentiation of Hemocytes in a Marine Invertebrate, Crassostrea gigas |
title_sort |
transcriptomic evidence reveals the molecular basis for functional differentiation of hemocytes in a marine invertebrate, crassostrea gigas |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00911 https://doaj.org/article/0b45f68104244f189bfc391556f0725c |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
genre_facet |
Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
op_source |
Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 11 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00911/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224 1664-3224 doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00911 https://doaj.org/article/0b45f68104244f189bfc391556f0725c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00911 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Immunology |
container_volume |
11 |
_version_ |
1766393892215717888 |