Effect of Meteorological Patterns on the Intensity of Streambank Erosion in a Proglacial Gravel-Bed River (Spitsbergen)
Lower parts of proglacial rivers are commonly assumed to be characterised by a multiannual aggradation trend, and streambank erosion is considered to occur rarely and locally. In the years 2009–2013, detailed measurements of channel processes were performed in the Scott River (SW Spitsbergen). More...
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2018
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/w10030320 https://doaj.org/article/0a1c0da7b845400b9056a168538a0f06 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:0a1c0da7b845400b9056a168538a0f06 2023-05-15T18:16:02+02:00 Effect of Meteorological Patterns on the Intensity of Streambank Erosion in a Proglacial Gravel-Bed River (Spitsbergen) Waldemar Kociuba Grzegorz Janicki 2018-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/w10030320 https://doaj.org/article/0a1c0da7b845400b9056a168538a0f06 EN eng MDPI AG http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/10/3/320 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441 2073-4441 doi:10.3390/w10030320 https://doaj.org/article/0a1c0da7b845400b9056a168538a0f06 Water, Vol 10, Iss 3, p 320 (2018) streambank erosion proglacial gravel-bed river Spitsbergen Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/w10030320 2022-12-31T16:07:10Z Lower parts of proglacial rivers are commonly assumed to be characterised by a multiannual aggradation trend, and streambank erosion is considered to occur rarely and locally. In the years 2009–2013, detailed measurements of channel processes were performed in the Scott River (SW Spitsbergen). More than 60% of its surface area (10 km2) occupies non-glaciated valleys. Since the end of the Little Ice Age, the Scott Glacier has been subject to intensive retreat, resulting in the expansion of the terminoglacial and paraglacial zones. In this area, the Scott River develops an alluvial valley with a proglacial river, which has led to a comparatively low rate of fluvial transport, dominance of suspension over bedload, and the occurrence of various channel patterns. Measurements, performed in the lower course of the valley in two fixed cross-sections of the Scott River channel, document variable annual tendencies with a prevalence of scour over deposition processes in the channel bottom. The balance of scour and fill also differs in particular measurement cross-sections and during the summer season. The maximum erosion indices (1.7 m2) were related to single periods of floods with snow-glacier melt and rainfall origin. The contribution of streambank erosion was usually lower than that of deep erosion both in the annual cycle and during extreme events. The channel-widening index also suggests variable annual (from −1 m to +1 m) and inter-annual tendencies. During a three-day flood from August 2013, in a measurement profile at the mouth of the river, the NNW bank was laterally shifted by as much as 3 m. Annual and inter-seasonal indices of total channel erosion, however, show that changes in the channel-bottom morphology are equalised relatively fast, and in terms of balance the changes usually do not exceed 0.5% of a cross section’s area. Article in Journal/Newspaper Scott Glacier Spitsbergen Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Scott River ENVELOPE(-103.284,-103.284,56.267,56.267) Water 10 3 320 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
streambank erosion proglacial gravel-bed river Spitsbergen Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 |
spellingShingle |
streambank erosion proglacial gravel-bed river Spitsbergen Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Waldemar Kociuba Grzegorz Janicki Effect of Meteorological Patterns on the Intensity of Streambank Erosion in a Proglacial Gravel-Bed River (Spitsbergen) |
topic_facet |
streambank erosion proglacial gravel-bed river Spitsbergen Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 |
description |
Lower parts of proglacial rivers are commonly assumed to be characterised by a multiannual aggradation trend, and streambank erosion is considered to occur rarely and locally. In the years 2009–2013, detailed measurements of channel processes were performed in the Scott River (SW Spitsbergen). More than 60% of its surface area (10 km2) occupies non-glaciated valleys. Since the end of the Little Ice Age, the Scott Glacier has been subject to intensive retreat, resulting in the expansion of the terminoglacial and paraglacial zones. In this area, the Scott River develops an alluvial valley with a proglacial river, which has led to a comparatively low rate of fluvial transport, dominance of suspension over bedload, and the occurrence of various channel patterns. Measurements, performed in the lower course of the valley in two fixed cross-sections of the Scott River channel, document variable annual tendencies with a prevalence of scour over deposition processes in the channel bottom. The balance of scour and fill also differs in particular measurement cross-sections and during the summer season. The maximum erosion indices (1.7 m2) were related to single periods of floods with snow-glacier melt and rainfall origin. The contribution of streambank erosion was usually lower than that of deep erosion both in the annual cycle and during extreme events. The channel-widening index also suggests variable annual (from −1 m to +1 m) and inter-annual tendencies. During a three-day flood from August 2013, in a measurement profile at the mouth of the river, the NNW bank was laterally shifted by as much as 3 m. Annual and inter-seasonal indices of total channel erosion, however, show that changes in the channel-bottom morphology are equalised relatively fast, and in terms of balance the changes usually do not exceed 0.5% of a cross section’s area. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Waldemar Kociuba Grzegorz Janicki |
author_facet |
Waldemar Kociuba Grzegorz Janicki |
author_sort |
Waldemar Kociuba |
title |
Effect of Meteorological Patterns on the Intensity of Streambank Erosion in a Proglacial Gravel-Bed River (Spitsbergen) |
title_short |
Effect of Meteorological Patterns on the Intensity of Streambank Erosion in a Proglacial Gravel-Bed River (Spitsbergen) |
title_full |
Effect of Meteorological Patterns on the Intensity of Streambank Erosion in a Proglacial Gravel-Bed River (Spitsbergen) |
title_fullStr |
Effect of Meteorological Patterns on the Intensity of Streambank Erosion in a Proglacial Gravel-Bed River (Spitsbergen) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effect of Meteorological Patterns on the Intensity of Streambank Erosion in a Proglacial Gravel-Bed River (Spitsbergen) |
title_sort |
effect of meteorological patterns on the intensity of streambank erosion in a proglacial gravel-bed river (spitsbergen) |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/w10030320 https://doaj.org/article/0a1c0da7b845400b9056a168538a0f06 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-103.284,-103.284,56.267,56.267) |
geographic |
Scott River |
geographic_facet |
Scott River |
genre |
Scott Glacier Spitsbergen |
genre_facet |
Scott Glacier Spitsbergen |
op_source |
Water, Vol 10, Iss 3, p 320 (2018) |
op_relation |
http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/10/3/320 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441 2073-4441 doi:10.3390/w10030320 https://doaj.org/article/0a1c0da7b845400b9056a168538a0f06 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/w10030320 |
container_title |
Water |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
320 |
_version_ |
1766189448321564672 |