Reclaiming to Brackish Wetlands in the Alberta Oil Sands: Comparison of Responses to Sodium Concentrations by Carex atherodes and Carex aquatilis
The variation in sodium concentrations in waters of natural fens and marshes on the western Canadian landscape provides a background for choosing the appropriate plants for wetland reclamation. Broad tolerances to salinity are especially important for reclamation trials on saline-rich ‘in-pits’ that...
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MDPI AG
2021
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081511 https://doaj.org/article/0a1aa6bae91a401a83f71cfbbdb6ddbb |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:0a1aa6bae91a401a83f71cfbbdb6ddbb 2023-05-15T15:53:15+02:00 Reclaiming to Brackish Wetlands in the Alberta Oil Sands: Comparison of Responses to Sodium Concentrations by Carex atherodes and Carex aquatilis Lilyan C. Glaeser Melissa House Dale H. Vitt 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081511 https://doaj.org/article/0a1aa6bae91a401a83f71cfbbdb6ddbb EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/8/1511 https://doaj.org/toc/2223-7747 doi:10.3390/plants10081511 2223-7747 https://doaj.org/article/0a1aa6bae91a401a83f71cfbbdb6ddbb Plants, Vol 10, Iss 1511, p 1511 (2021) Alberta boreal Carex aquatilis Carex atherodes oil sands reclamation Sandhill Wetland Botany QK1-989 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081511 2022-12-31T15:06:48Z The variation in sodium concentrations in waters of natural fens and marshes on the western Canadian landscape provides a background for choosing the appropriate plants for wetland reclamation. Broad tolerances to salinity are especially important for reclamation trials on saline-rich ‘in-pits’ that were left from open-pit oil sands mining. One such species, Carex aquatilis , has been identified as a key species in early reclamation attempts; however, at the Sandhill Wetland on the Syncrude Canada oil sands lease, this species has aggressively colonized, dominating parts of the wetland and limiting species diversity. A second species, also widespread on natural lake shores and marshes, is Carex atherodes , with field observations suggesting a broad tolerance to salinity. Here, we examine the responses of this species to a series of sodium concentrations and compare these to those of C. aquatilis. In particular, we addressed three questions: (1) How do structural attributes of C. atherodes respond to a series of Na + concentration treatments? (2) Are different structural responses related to the functional attributes of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and/or transpiration rate? (3) How do these responses compare to those of C. aquatilis? We implemented a phytotron experiment to test the responses of these two species to either five or six concentrations of sodium, ranging from 20 to 3000 mg Na + L −1 . In general, structural responses of C. atherodes did not differ between 50 and 789 mg Na + L −1 , while performances of all attributes were reduced at 1407 mg L −1 . Physiological attributes had high variation, but also had reduced performances at similar treatment levels. In comparison, a clear threshold was present for structural attributes in Carex aquatilis between 1650 and 2148 mg Na + L −1 , while physiological attributes were reduced between 1035 to 1650 mg Na + L −1 . These responses from C. aquatilis were similar to those previously reported. Na + concentrations in porewater at the Sandhill Wetland ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Carex aquatilis Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Canada Plants 10 8 1511 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Alberta boreal Carex aquatilis Carex atherodes oil sands reclamation Sandhill Wetland Botany QK1-989 |
spellingShingle |
Alberta boreal Carex aquatilis Carex atherodes oil sands reclamation Sandhill Wetland Botany QK1-989 Lilyan C. Glaeser Melissa House Dale H. Vitt Reclaiming to Brackish Wetlands in the Alberta Oil Sands: Comparison of Responses to Sodium Concentrations by Carex atherodes and Carex aquatilis |
topic_facet |
Alberta boreal Carex aquatilis Carex atherodes oil sands reclamation Sandhill Wetland Botany QK1-989 |
description |
The variation in sodium concentrations in waters of natural fens and marshes on the western Canadian landscape provides a background for choosing the appropriate plants for wetland reclamation. Broad tolerances to salinity are especially important for reclamation trials on saline-rich ‘in-pits’ that were left from open-pit oil sands mining. One such species, Carex aquatilis , has been identified as a key species in early reclamation attempts; however, at the Sandhill Wetland on the Syncrude Canada oil sands lease, this species has aggressively colonized, dominating parts of the wetland and limiting species diversity. A second species, also widespread on natural lake shores and marshes, is Carex atherodes , with field observations suggesting a broad tolerance to salinity. Here, we examine the responses of this species to a series of sodium concentrations and compare these to those of C. aquatilis. In particular, we addressed three questions: (1) How do structural attributes of C. atherodes respond to a series of Na + concentration treatments? (2) Are different structural responses related to the functional attributes of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and/or transpiration rate? (3) How do these responses compare to those of C. aquatilis? We implemented a phytotron experiment to test the responses of these two species to either five or six concentrations of sodium, ranging from 20 to 3000 mg Na + L −1 . In general, structural responses of C. atherodes did not differ between 50 and 789 mg Na + L −1 , while performances of all attributes were reduced at 1407 mg L −1 . Physiological attributes had high variation, but also had reduced performances at similar treatment levels. In comparison, a clear threshold was present for structural attributes in Carex aquatilis between 1650 and 2148 mg Na + L −1 , while physiological attributes were reduced between 1035 to 1650 mg Na + L −1 . These responses from C. aquatilis were similar to those previously reported. Na + concentrations in porewater at the Sandhill Wetland ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lilyan C. Glaeser Melissa House Dale H. Vitt |
author_facet |
Lilyan C. Glaeser Melissa House Dale H. Vitt |
author_sort |
Lilyan C. Glaeser |
title |
Reclaiming to Brackish Wetlands in the Alberta Oil Sands: Comparison of Responses to Sodium Concentrations by Carex atherodes and Carex aquatilis |
title_short |
Reclaiming to Brackish Wetlands in the Alberta Oil Sands: Comparison of Responses to Sodium Concentrations by Carex atherodes and Carex aquatilis |
title_full |
Reclaiming to Brackish Wetlands in the Alberta Oil Sands: Comparison of Responses to Sodium Concentrations by Carex atherodes and Carex aquatilis |
title_fullStr |
Reclaiming to Brackish Wetlands in the Alberta Oil Sands: Comparison of Responses to Sodium Concentrations by Carex atherodes and Carex aquatilis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Reclaiming to Brackish Wetlands in the Alberta Oil Sands: Comparison of Responses to Sodium Concentrations by Carex atherodes and Carex aquatilis |
title_sort |
reclaiming to brackish wetlands in the alberta oil sands: comparison of responses to sodium concentrations by carex atherodes and carex aquatilis |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081511 https://doaj.org/article/0a1aa6bae91a401a83f71cfbbdb6ddbb |
geographic |
Canada |
geographic_facet |
Canada |
genre |
Carex aquatilis |
genre_facet |
Carex aquatilis |
op_source |
Plants, Vol 10, Iss 1511, p 1511 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/8/1511 https://doaj.org/toc/2223-7747 doi:10.3390/plants10081511 2223-7747 https://doaj.org/article/0a1aa6bae91a401a83f71cfbbdb6ddbb |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081511 |
container_title |
Plants |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
1511 |
_version_ |
1766388347297595392 |