Trends in known and undiagnosed diabetes, HbA1c levels, cardiometabolic risk factors and diabetes treatment target achievement in repeated cross-sectional surveys: the population-based Tromsø Study 1994–2016
Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate time trends in known and undiagnosed diabetes, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and other cardiometabolic risk factors in the general population as well as treatment target achievement among those with diabetes.Design and setting Repeated cross-...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:09be13c12809419f8f789693579eca09 2023-05-15T18:34:21+02:00 Trends in known and undiagnosed diabetes, HbA1c levels, cardiometabolic risk factors and diabetes treatment target achievement in repeated cross-sectional surveys: the population-based Tromsø Study 1994–2016 Laila Arnesdatter Hopstock Inger Njølstad Petja Lyn Langholz Rolf Jorde 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041846 https://doaj.org/article/09be13c12809419f8f789693579eca09 EN eng BMJ Publishing Group https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/3/e041846.full https://doaj.org/toc/2044-6055 doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041846 2044-6055 https://doaj.org/article/09be13c12809419f8f789693579eca09 BMJ Open, Vol 11, Iss 3 (2021) Medicine R article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041846 2022-12-31T07:17:49Z Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate time trends in known and undiagnosed diabetes, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and other cardiometabolic risk factors in the general population as well as treatment target achievement among those with diabetes.Design and setting Repeated cross-sectional surveys in the population-based Tromsø Study.Methods We used age-adjusted generalised estimating equation models to study trends in self-reported and undiagnosed (HbA1c ≥6.5%) diabetes, cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in 27 281 women and men aged 40–84 years examined in up to four surveys of the Tromsø Study between 1994 and 2016. Further, we analysed trends in diabetes treatment target achievement.Results During 1994–2016, diabetes prevalence increased in women (2.3% to 4.6%) and men (2.4% to 5.8%) and in all age groups, while the proportion of undiagnosed diabetes in women (32% to 17%) and men (37% to 24%) decreased. Blood pressure and total cholesterol decreased, while waist circumference increased in participants with and without diabetes, leading to a relatively stable prevalence of the metabolic syndrome throughout the study period. There was a marginal increase in HbA1c levels among participants without diabetes. Only half of those with diabetes achieved the treatment target of HbA1c ≤7.0%.Conclusion In the last two decades, diabetes prevalence increased, while the proportion of undiagnosed diabetes declined. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome remained stable throughout, driven by opposing trends with an increase in obesity and a decrease in other cardiometabolic risk factors. HbA1c treatment target achievement did not improve. Article in Journal/Newspaper Tromsø Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Tromsø BMJ Open 11 3 e041846 |
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Medicine R |
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Medicine R Laila Arnesdatter Hopstock Inger Njølstad Petja Lyn Langholz Rolf Jorde Trends in known and undiagnosed diabetes, HbA1c levels, cardiometabolic risk factors and diabetes treatment target achievement in repeated cross-sectional surveys: the population-based Tromsø Study 1994–2016 |
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Medicine R |
description |
Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate time trends in known and undiagnosed diabetes, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and other cardiometabolic risk factors in the general population as well as treatment target achievement among those with diabetes.Design and setting Repeated cross-sectional surveys in the population-based Tromsø Study.Methods We used age-adjusted generalised estimating equation models to study trends in self-reported and undiagnosed (HbA1c ≥6.5%) diabetes, cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in 27 281 women and men aged 40–84 years examined in up to four surveys of the Tromsø Study between 1994 and 2016. Further, we analysed trends in diabetes treatment target achievement.Results During 1994–2016, diabetes prevalence increased in women (2.3% to 4.6%) and men (2.4% to 5.8%) and in all age groups, while the proportion of undiagnosed diabetes in women (32% to 17%) and men (37% to 24%) decreased. Blood pressure and total cholesterol decreased, while waist circumference increased in participants with and without diabetes, leading to a relatively stable prevalence of the metabolic syndrome throughout the study period. There was a marginal increase in HbA1c levels among participants without diabetes. Only half of those with diabetes achieved the treatment target of HbA1c ≤7.0%.Conclusion In the last two decades, diabetes prevalence increased, while the proportion of undiagnosed diabetes declined. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome remained stable throughout, driven by opposing trends with an increase in obesity and a decrease in other cardiometabolic risk factors. HbA1c treatment target achievement did not improve. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Laila Arnesdatter Hopstock Inger Njølstad Petja Lyn Langholz Rolf Jorde |
author_facet |
Laila Arnesdatter Hopstock Inger Njølstad Petja Lyn Langholz Rolf Jorde |
author_sort |
Laila Arnesdatter Hopstock |
title |
Trends in known and undiagnosed diabetes, HbA1c levels, cardiometabolic risk factors and diabetes treatment target achievement in repeated cross-sectional surveys: the population-based Tromsø Study 1994–2016 |
title_short |
Trends in known and undiagnosed diabetes, HbA1c levels, cardiometabolic risk factors and diabetes treatment target achievement in repeated cross-sectional surveys: the population-based Tromsø Study 1994–2016 |
title_full |
Trends in known and undiagnosed diabetes, HbA1c levels, cardiometabolic risk factors and diabetes treatment target achievement in repeated cross-sectional surveys: the population-based Tromsø Study 1994–2016 |
title_fullStr |
Trends in known and undiagnosed diabetes, HbA1c levels, cardiometabolic risk factors and diabetes treatment target achievement in repeated cross-sectional surveys: the population-based Tromsø Study 1994–2016 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Trends in known and undiagnosed diabetes, HbA1c levels, cardiometabolic risk factors and diabetes treatment target achievement in repeated cross-sectional surveys: the population-based Tromsø Study 1994–2016 |
title_sort |
trends in known and undiagnosed diabetes, hba1c levels, cardiometabolic risk factors and diabetes treatment target achievement in repeated cross-sectional surveys: the population-based tromsø study 1994–2016 |
publisher |
BMJ Publishing Group |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041846 https://doaj.org/article/09be13c12809419f8f789693579eca09 |
geographic |
Tromsø |
geographic_facet |
Tromsø |
genre |
Tromsø |
genre_facet |
Tromsø |
op_source |
BMJ Open, Vol 11, Iss 3 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/3/e041846.full https://doaj.org/toc/2044-6055 doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041846 2044-6055 https://doaj.org/article/09be13c12809419f8f789693579eca09 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041846 |
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BMJ Open |
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11 |
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3 |
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e041846 |
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1766219049394503680 |