Distribution and recurrence of phytoplankton blooms around South Georgia, Southern Ocean
South Georgia phytoplankton blooms are amongst the largest of the Southern Ocean and are associated with a rich ecosystem and strong atmospheric carbon drawdown. Both aspects depend on the intensity of blooms, but also on their regularity. Here we use data from 12 yr of SeaWiFS (Sea-viewing Wide Fie...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:09085ebeefe44358adf0ee95895c5d05 2023-05-15T18:25:09+02:00 Distribution and recurrence of phytoplankton blooms around South Georgia, Southern Ocean I. Borrione R. Schlitzer 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-217-2013 https://doaj.org/article/09085ebeefe44358adf0ee95895c5d05 EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.biogeosciences.net/10/217/2013/bg-10-217-2013.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-10-217-2013 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/09085ebeefe44358adf0ee95895c5d05 Biogeosciences, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 217-231 (2013) Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2013 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-217-2013 2022-12-31T16:27:11Z South Georgia phytoplankton blooms are amongst the largest of the Southern Ocean and are associated with a rich ecosystem and strong atmospheric carbon drawdown. Both aspects depend on the intensity of blooms, but also on their regularity. Here we use data from 12 yr of SeaWiFS (Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor) ocean colour imagery and calculate the frequency of bloom occurrence (FBO) to re-examine spatial and temporal bloom distributions. We find that upstream of the island and outside the borders of the Georgia Basin, blooms occurred in less than 4 out of the 12 yr (FBO < 4). In contrast, FBO was mostly greater than 8 downstream of the island, i.e., to the north and northwest, and in places equal to 12, indicating that blooms occurred every year. The typical bloom area, defined as the region where blooms occurred in at least 8 out of the 12 yr, covers the entire Georgia Basin and the northern shelf of the island. The time series of surface chlorophyll a (Chl a ) concentrations averaged over the typical bloom area shows that phytoplankton blooms occurred in every year between September 1997 and September 2010, and that Chl a values followed a clear seasonal cycle, with concentration peaks around December followed in many years by a second peak during late austral summer or early autumn, suggesting a bi-modal bloom pattern. The bloom regularity we describe here is in contrast with results of Park et al. (2010) who used a significantly different study area including regions that almost never exhibit bloom conditions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Austral Georgia Basin ENVELOPE(-35.500,-35.500,-50.750,-50.750) Southern Ocean Biogeosciences 10 1 217 231 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 I. Borrione R. Schlitzer Distribution and recurrence of phytoplankton blooms around South Georgia, Southern Ocean |
topic_facet |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
South Georgia phytoplankton blooms are amongst the largest of the Southern Ocean and are associated with a rich ecosystem and strong atmospheric carbon drawdown. Both aspects depend on the intensity of blooms, but also on their regularity. Here we use data from 12 yr of SeaWiFS (Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor) ocean colour imagery and calculate the frequency of bloom occurrence (FBO) to re-examine spatial and temporal bloom distributions. We find that upstream of the island and outside the borders of the Georgia Basin, blooms occurred in less than 4 out of the 12 yr (FBO < 4). In contrast, FBO was mostly greater than 8 downstream of the island, i.e., to the north and northwest, and in places equal to 12, indicating that blooms occurred every year. The typical bloom area, defined as the region where blooms occurred in at least 8 out of the 12 yr, covers the entire Georgia Basin and the northern shelf of the island. The time series of surface chlorophyll a (Chl a ) concentrations averaged over the typical bloom area shows that phytoplankton blooms occurred in every year between September 1997 and September 2010, and that Chl a values followed a clear seasonal cycle, with concentration peaks around December followed in many years by a second peak during late austral summer or early autumn, suggesting a bi-modal bloom pattern. The bloom regularity we describe here is in contrast with results of Park et al. (2010) who used a significantly different study area including regions that almost never exhibit bloom conditions. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
I. Borrione R. Schlitzer |
author_facet |
I. Borrione R. Schlitzer |
author_sort |
I. Borrione |
title |
Distribution and recurrence of phytoplankton blooms around South Georgia, Southern Ocean |
title_short |
Distribution and recurrence of phytoplankton blooms around South Georgia, Southern Ocean |
title_full |
Distribution and recurrence of phytoplankton blooms around South Georgia, Southern Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Distribution and recurrence of phytoplankton blooms around South Georgia, Southern Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Distribution and recurrence of phytoplankton blooms around South Georgia, Southern Ocean |
title_sort |
distribution and recurrence of phytoplankton blooms around south georgia, southern ocean |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-217-2013 https://doaj.org/article/09085ebeefe44358adf0ee95895c5d05 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-35.500,-35.500,-50.750,-50.750) |
geographic |
Austral Georgia Basin Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Austral Georgia Basin Southern Ocean |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Biogeosciences, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 217-231 (2013) |
op_relation |
http://www.biogeosciences.net/10/217/2013/bg-10-217-2013.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-10-217-2013 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/09085ebeefe44358adf0ee95895c5d05 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-217-2013 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
217 |
op_container_end_page |
231 |
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1766206399879053312 |