The key role of background sea surface temperature over the cold tongue in asymmetric responses of the Arctic stratosphere to El Niño–Southern Oscillation
The response of the Arctic stratosphere to El Niño activity is strong but the response to La Niña activity is relatively weak. The asymmetric responses of Arctic stratosphere to El Niño and La Niña events are thought to be caused by asymmetric El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnections. Her...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae79b https://doaj.org/article/08bac17191144b768c4cbbe9a64a5294 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:08bac17191144b768c4cbbe9a64a5294 2023-09-05T13:16:40+02:00 The key role of background sea surface temperature over the cold tongue in asymmetric responses of the Arctic stratosphere to El Niño–Southern Oscillation Fei Xie Xin Zhou Jianping Li Cheng Sun Juan Feng Xuan Ma 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae79b https://doaj.org/article/08bac17191144b768c4cbbe9a64a5294 EN eng IOP Publishing https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae79b https://doaj.org/toc/1748-9326 doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aae79b 1748-9326 https://doaj.org/article/08bac17191144b768c4cbbe9a64a5294 Environmental Research Letters, Vol 13, Iss 11, p 114007 (2018) asymmetric responses Arctic stratosphere ENSO background sea surface temperature cold tongue Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae79b 2023-08-13T00:37:34Z The response of the Arctic stratosphere to El Niño activity is strong but the response to La Niña activity is relatively weak. The asymmetric responses of Arctic stratosphere to El Niño and La Niña events are thought to be caused by asymmetric El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnections. Here, we suggest that the background sea surface temperature (SST) over cold tongue of tropical eastern Pacific may be an important contributor to the asymmetric ENSO teleconnections. The atmosphere is very sensitive to tropical SST variations in the range of 26 °C–30 °C. During El Niño events, the background SST over cold tongue plus El Niño SST anomalies typically falls into the range. Under these conditions, the atmospheric response to El Niño SST anomalies is strong. During La Niña events, the background SST plus La Niña SST anomalies is typically below the range, which leads to a weak response of the atmosphere to SST anomalies. The proposed mechanism is well supported by simulations. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Pacific Environmental Research Letters 13 11 114007 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
asymmetric responses Arctic stratosphere ENSO background sea surface temperature cold tongue Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 |
spellingShingle |
asymmetric responses Arctic stratosphere ENSO background sea surface temperature cold tongue Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 Fei Xie Xin Zhou Jianping Li Cheng Sun Juan Feng Xuan Ma The key role of background sea surface temperature over the cold tongue in asymmetric responses of the Arctic stratosphere to El Niño–Southern Oscillation |
topic_facet |
asymmetric responses Arctic stratosphere ENSO background sea surface temperature cold tongue Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 |
description |
The response of the Arctic stratosphere to El Niño activity is strong but the response to La Niña activity is relatively weak. The asymmetric responses of Arctic stratosphere to El Niño and La Niña events are thought to be caused by asymmetric El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnections. Here, we suggest that the background sea surface temperature (SST) over cold tongue of tropical eastern Pacific may be an important contributor to the asymmetric ENSO teleconnections. The atmosphere is very sensitive to tropical SST variations in the range of 26 °C–30 °C. During El Niño events, the background SST over cold tongue plus El Niño SST anomalies typically falls into the range. Under these conditions, the atmospheric response to El Niño SST anomalies is strong. During La Niña events, the background SST plus La Niña SST anomalies is typically below the range, which leads to a weak response of the atmosphere to SST anomalies. The proposed mechanism is well supported by simulations. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Fei Xie Xin Zhou Jianping Li Cheng Sun Juan Feng Xuan Ma |
author_facet |
Fei Xie Xin Zhou Jianping Li Cheng Sun Juan Feng Xuan Ma |
author_sort |
Fei Xie |
title |
The key role of background sea surface temperature over the cold tongue in asymmetric responses of the Arctic stratosphere to El Niño–Southern Oscillation |
title_short |
The key role of background sea surface temperature over the cold tongue in asymmetric responses of the Arctic stratosphere to El Niño–Southern Oscillation |
title_full |
The key role of background sea surface temperature over the cold tongue in asymmetric responses of the Arctic stratosphere to El Niño–Southern Oscillation |
title_fullStr |
The key role of background sea surface temperature over the cold tongue in asymmetric responses of the Arctic stratosphere to El Niño–Southern Oscillation |
title_full_unstemmed |
The key role of background sea surface temperature over the cold tongue in asymmetric responses of the Arctic stratosphere to El Niño–Southern Oscillation |
title_sort |
key role of background sea surface temperature over the cold tongue in asymmetric responses of the arctic stratosphere to el niño–southern oscillation |
publisher |
IOP Publishing |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae79b https://doaj.org/article/08bac17191144b768c4cbbe9a64a5294 |
geographic |
Arctic Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Pacific |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Environmental Research Letters, Vol 13, Iss 11, p 114007 (2018) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae79b https://doaj.org/toc/1748-9326 doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aae79b 1748-9326 https://doaj.org/article/08bac17191144b768c4cbbe9a64a5294 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae79b |
container_title |
Environmental Research Letters |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
114007 |
_version_ |
1776198169345916928 |