Heart rate variability in Konik and purebred Arabian horses in response to different predator vocalisations
The current predation threat of domestic horses is generally low, and horses do not know predators' frightening cues. We studied whether horses still recognise predation threats. The aim of the study was to analyse the emotional response of purebred Arabian horses (Arabian) and Polish Konik hor...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:0842e84ce34c4085854b3687ae573a42 2023-05-15T15:51:17+02:00 Heart rate variability in Konik and purebred Arabian horses in response to different predator vocalisations I. Janczarek A. Stachurska W. Kędzierski E. Wnuk Pawlak I. Wilk K. Zyglewska A. Paszkowska M. Ryżak A. Wiśniewska 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2020.100045 https://doaj.org/article/0842e84ce34c4085854b3687ae573a42 EN eng Elsevier http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751731120300471 https://doaj.org/toc/1751-7311 1751-7311 doi:10.1016/j.animal.2020.100045 https://doaj.org/article/0842e84ce34c4085854b3687ae573a42 Animal, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 100045- (2021) Arabian panther growl Emotional agitation Golden jackal howl Grey wolf howl Horse ancestry Animal culture SF1-1100 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2020.100045 2022-12-31T07:57:59Z The current predation threat of domestic horses is generally low, and horses do not know predators' frightening cues. We studied whether horses still recognise predation threats. The aim of the study was to analyse the emotional response of purebred Arabian horses (Arabian) and Polish Konik horses (Konik) to an Arabian panther (Panthera pardus nimr) (panther) growl and a grey wolf (Canis lupus) (wolf) howl. Panther vocalisation was known to Arabian ancestors, whereas ancestors of Konik knew wolf vocalisation. The response to the howls of golden jackals (Canis aureus) (jackal), which did not prey on equids, was also studied comparatively. Two groups of 10 adult horses of each breed were subject to predator sounds of one predator daily for 5 min during a turn out on pasture. The test was performed for 18 days in total. The sound of each predator was interchangeably featured from one loudspeaker for 3 days followed by four loudspeakers simultaneously to imitate a group of predators for 3 days. The horses' emotional agitation in response to the sounds was measured based on the parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) using telemetric devices. The results showed that the predators' sounds were identified by horses as stressful or neutral. Horses generally retained their anti-predator responses even in the current habitat, which typically lacks predation cues. The results are not always coherent and may demonstrate that the response is somewhat attenuated. The wolf howl elicited a stronger response in Koniks. The panther growl more strongly influenced Arabians, whereas the jackal howl minimally elicited an agitation in the horses. The differentiated response of the two horse breeds to the three predator species suggests that the response is an innate adaptation to the predation risk in the habitat of the breed ancestors. This response occurs regardless of the emotional arousal specific to a breed, and the frightening cue is not the sound per se but the possible attack of predators. Horses display a type of ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Canis lupus Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Animal 15 1 100045 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arabian panther growl Emotional agitation Golden jackal howl Grey wolf howl Horse ancestry Animal culture SF1-1100 |
spellingShingle |
Arabian panther growl Emotional agitation Golden jackal howl Grey wolf howl Horse ancestry Animal culture SF1-1100 I. Janczarek A. Stachurska W. Kędzierski E. Wnuk Pawlak I. Wilk K. Zyglewska A. Paszkowska M. Ryżak A. Wiśniewska Heart rate variability in Konik and purebred Arabian horses in response to different predator vocalisations |
topic_facet |
Arabian panther growl Emotional agitation Golden jackal howl Grey wolf howl Horse ancestry Animal culture SF1-1100 |
description |
The current predation threat of domestic horses is generally low, and horses do not know predators' frightening cues. We studied whether horses still recognise predation threats. The aim of the study was to analyse the emotional response of purebred Arabian horses (Arabian) and Polish Konik horses (Konik) to an Arabian panther (Panthera pardus nimr) (panther) growl and a grey wolf (Canis lupus) (wolf) howl. Panther vocalisation was known to Arabian ancestors, whereas ancestors of Konik knew wolf vocalisation. The response to the howls of golden jackals (Canis aureus) (jackal), which did not prey on equids, was also studied comparatively. Two groups of 10 adult horses of each breed were subject to predator sounds of one predator daily for 5 min during a turn out on pasture. The test was performed for 18 days in total. The sound of each predator was interchangeably featured from one loudspeaker for 3 days followed by four loudspeakers simultaneously to imitate a group of predators for 3 days. The horses' emotional agitation in response to the sounds was measured based on the parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) using telemetric devices. The results showed that the predators' sounds were identified by horses as stressful or neutral. Horses generally retained their anti-predator responses even in the current habitat, which typically lacks predation cues. The results are not always coherent and may demonstrate that the response is somewhat attenuated. The wolf howl elicited a stronger response in Koniks. The panther growl more strongly influenced Arabians, whereas the jackal howl minimally elicited an agitation in the horses. The differentiated response of the two horse breeds to the three predator species suggests that the response is an innate adaptation to the predation risk in the habitat of the breed ancestors. This response occurs regardless of the emotional arousal specific to a breed, and the frightening cue is not the sound per se but the possible attack of predators. Horses display a type of ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
I. Janczarek A. Stachurska W. Kędzierski E. Wnuk Pawlak I. Wilk K. Zyglewska A. Paszkowska M. Ryżak A. Wiśniewska |
author_facet |
I. Janczarek A. Stachurska W. Kędzierski E. Wnuk Pawlak I. Wilk K. Zyglewska A. Paszkowska M. Ryżak A. Wiśniewska |
author_sort |
I. Janczarek |
title |
Heart rate variability in Konik and purebred Arabian horses in response to different predator vocalisations |
title_short |
Heart rate variability in Konik and purebred Arabian horses in response to different predator vocalisations |
title_full |
Heart rate variability in Konik and purebred Arabian horses in response to different predator vocalisations |
title_fullStr |
Heart rate variability in Konik and purebred Arabian horses in response to different predator vocalisations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Heart rate variability in Konik and purebred Arabian horses in response to different predator vocalisations |
title_sort |
heart rate variability in konik and purebred arabian horses in response to different predator vocalisations |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2020.100045 https://doaj.org/article/0842e84ce34c4085854b3687ae573a42 |
genre |
Canis lupus |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus |
op_source |
Animal, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 100045- (2021) |
op_relation |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751731120300471 https://doaj.org/toc/1751-7311 1751-7311 doi:10.1016/j.animal.2020.100045 https://doaj.org/article/0842e84ce34c4085854b3687ae573a42 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2020.100045 |
container_title |
Animal |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
100045 |
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1766386422991814656 |