On the cryogenic removal of NOy from the Antarctic polar stratosphere
We review current knowledge about the annual cycle of transport of nitrogen oxides to, and removal from, the polar stratosphere, with particular attention to Antarctica where the annual winter denitrifi cation process is both regular in occurrence and severe in effect. Evidence for a large downward...
Published in: | Annals of Geophysics |
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Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
2003
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:082c76f55ef8439ba1bc731cae95841b 2023-05-15T13:33:27+02:00 On the cryogenic removal of NOy from the Antarctic polar stratosphere S. Smyshlyaev G. Muscari R. L. de Zafra 2003-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-3402 https://doaj.org/article/082c76f55ef8439ba1bc731cae95841b EN eng Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) http://www.annalsofgeophysics.eu/index.php/annals/article/view/3402 https://doaj.org/toc/1593-5213 https://doaj.org/toc/2037-416X doi:10.4401/ag-3402 1593-5213 2037-416X https://doaj.org/article/082c76f55ef8439ba1bc731cae95841b Annals of Geophysics, Vol 46, Iss 2 (2003) polar stratosphere reactive nitrogen heterogeneous chemistry tracer-tracer correlations Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 article 2003 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-3402 2022-12-31T10:32:42Z We review current knowledge about the annual cycle of transport of nitrogen oxides to, and removal from, the polar stratosphere, with particular attention to Antarctica where the annual winter denitrifi cation process is both regular in occurrence and severe in effect. Evidence for a large downward fl ux of NOy from the mesosphere to the stratosphere, fi rst seen briefl y in the Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere (LIMS) data from the Arctic winter of 1978-1979, has been found during the 1990s in both satellite and ground-based observations, though this still seems to be omitted from many atmospheric models. When incorporated in the Stony Brook- St. Petersburg two dimensional (2D) transport and chemistry model, more realistic treatment of the NOy fl ux, along with sulfate transport from the mesosphere, sulfate aerosol formation where temperature is favorable, and the inclusion of a simple ion-cluster reaction, leads to good agreement with observed HNO3 formation in the mid-winter middle to upper stratosphere. To further emphasize the importance of large fl uxes of thermospheric and mesospheric NOy into the polar stratosphere, we have used observations, supplemented with model calculations, to defi ne new altitude dependent correlation curves between N2O and NOy. These are more suitable than those previously used in the literature to represent conditions within the Antarctic vortex region prior to and during denitrifi cation by Polar Stratospheric Cloud (PSC) particles. Our NOy -N2O curves lead to a 40% increase in the average amount of NOy removed during the Antarctic winter with respect to estimates calculated using NOy-N2O curves from the Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy (ATMOS)/ATLAS-3 data set. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic Annals of Geophysics 46 2 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
polar stratosphere reactive nitrogen heterogeneous chemistry tracer-tracer correlations Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 |
spellingShingle |
polar stratosphere reactive nitrogen heterogeneous chemistry tracer-tracer correlations Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 S. Smyshlyaev G. Muscari R. L. de Zafra On the cryogenic removal of NOy from the Antarctic polar stratosphere |
topic_facet |
polar stratosphere reactive nitrogen heterogeneous chemistry tracer-tracer correlations Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 |
description |
We review current knowledge about the annual cycle of transport of nitrogen oxides to, and removal from, the polar stratosphere, with particular attention to Antarctica where the annual winter denitrifi cation process is both regular in occurrence and severe in effect. Evidence for a large downward fl ux of NOy from the mesosphere to the stratosphere, fi rst seen briefl y in the Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere (LIMS) data from the Arctic winter of 1978-1979, has been found during the 1990s in both satellite and ground-based observations, though this still seems to be omitted from many atmospheric models. When incorporated in the Stony Brook- St. Petersburg two dimensional (2D) transport and chemistry model, more realistic treatment of the NOy fl ux, along with sulfate transport from the mesosphere, sulfate aerosol formation where temperature is favorable, and the inclusion of a simple ion-cluster reaction, leads to good agreement with observed HNO3 formation in the mid-winter middle to upper stratosphere. To further emphasize the importance of large fl uxes of thermospheric and mesospheric NOy into the polar stratosphere, we have used observations, supplemented with model calculations, to defi ne new altitude dependent correlation curves between N2O and NOy. These are more suitable than those previously used in the literature to represent conditions within the Antarctic vortex region prior to and during denitrifi cation by Polar Stratospheric Cloud (PSC) particles. Our NOy -N2O curves lead to a 40% increase in the average amount of NOy removed during the Antarctic winter with respect to estimates calculated using NOy-N2O curves from the Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy (ATMOS)/ATLAS-3 data set. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
S. Smyshlyaev G. Muscari R. L. de Zafra |
author_facet |
S. Smyshlyaev G. Muscari R. L. de Zafra |
author_sort |
S. Smyshlyaev |
title |
On the cryogenic removal of NOy from the Antarctic polar stratosphere |
title_short |
On the cryogenic removal of NOy from the Antarctic polar stratosphere |
title_full |
On the cryogenic removal of NOy from the Antarctic polar stratosphere |
title_fullStr |
On the cryogenic removal of NOy from the Antarctic polar stratosphere |
title_full_unstemmed |
On the cryogenic removal of NOy from the Antarctic polar stratosphere |
title_sort |
on the cryogenic removal of noy from the antarctic polar stratosphere |
publisher |
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) |
publishDate |
2003 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-3402 https://doaj.org/article/082c76f55ef8439ba1bc731cae95841b |
geographic |
Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic |
op_source |
Annals of Geophysics, Vol 46, Iss 2 (2003) |
op_relation |
http://www.annalsofgeophysics.eu/index.php/annals/article/view/3402 https://doaj.org/toc/1593-5213 https://doaj.org/toc/2037-416X doi:10.4401/ag-3402 1593-5213 2037-416X https://doaj.org/article/082c76f55ef8439ba1bc731cae95841b |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-3402 |
container_title |
Annals of Geophysics |
container_volume |
46 |
container_issue |
2 |
_version_ |
1766042332139880448 |