Metagenomics of the Svalbard reindeer rumen microbiome reveals abundance of polysaccharide utilization loci.
Lignocellulosic biomass remains a largely untapped source of renewable energy predominantly due to its recalcitrance and an incomplete understanding of how this is overcome in nature. We present here a compositional and comparative analysis of metagenomic data pertaining to a natural biomass-convert...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:07d84a0053b04dc08a4540d8850a331a 2023-05-15T15:08:50+02:00 Metagenomics of the Svalbard reindeer rumen microbiome reveals abundance of polysaccharide utilization loci. Phillip B Pope Alasdair K Mackenzie Ivan Gregor Wendy Smith Monica A Sundset Alice C McHardy Mark Morrison Vincent G H Eijsink 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038571 https://doaj.org/article/07d84a0053b04dc08a4540d8850a331a EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3368933?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038571 https://doaj.org/article/07d84a0053b04dc08a4540d8850a331a PLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 6, p e38571 (2012) Medicine R Science Q article 2012 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038571 2022-12-31T04:43:34Z Lignocellulosic biomass remains a largely untapped source of renewable energy predominantly due to its recalcitrance and an incomplete understanding of how this is overcome in nature. We present here a compositional and comparative analysis of metagenomic data pertaining to a natural biomass-converting ecosystem adapted to austere arctic nutritional conditions, namely the rumen microbiome of Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus). Community analysis showed that deeply-branched cellulolytic lineages affiliated to the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes are dominant, whilst sequence binning methods facilitated the assemblage of metagenomic sequence for a dominant and novel Bacteroidales clade (SRM-1). Analysis of unassembled metagenomic sequence as well as metabolic reconstruction of SRM-1 revealed the presence of multiple polysaccharide utilization loci-like systems (PULs) as well as members of more than 20 glycoside hydrolase and other carbohydrate-active enzyme families targeting various polysaccharides including cellulose, xylan and pectin. Functional screening of cloned metagenome fragments revealed high cellulolytic activity and an abundance of PULs that are rich in endoglucanases (GH5) but devoid of other common enzymes thought to be involved in cellulose degradation. Combining these results with known and partly re-evaluated metagenomic data strongly indicates that much like the human distal gut, the digestive system of herbivores harbours high numbers of deeply branched and as-yet uncultured members of the Bacteroidetes that depend on PUL-like systems for plant biomass degradation. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Rangifer tarandus Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus Svalbard svalbard reindeer Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Svalbard PLoS ONE 7 6 e38571 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Medicine R Science Q |
spellingShingle |
Medicine R Science Q Phillip B Pope Alasdair K Mackenzie Ivan Gregor Wendy Smith Monica A Sundset Alice C McHardy Mark Morrison Vincent G H Eijsink Metagenomics of the Svalbard reindeer rumen microbiome reveals abundance of polysaccharide utilization loci. |
topic_facet |
Medicine R Science Q |
description |
Lignocellulosic biomass remains a largely untapped source of renewable energy predominantly due to its recalcitrance and an incomplete understanding of how this is overcome in nature. We present here a compositional and comparative analysis of metagenomic data pertaining to a natural biomass-converting ecosystem adapted to austere arctic nutritional conditions, namely the rumen microbiome of Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus). Community analysis showed that deeply-branched cellulolytic lineages affiliated to the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes are dominant, whilst sequence binning methods facilitated the assemblage of metagenomic sequence for a dominant and novel Bacteroidales clade (SRM-1). Analysis of unassembled metagenomic sequence as well as metabolic reconstruction of SRM-1 revealed the presence of multiple polysaccharide utilization loci-like systems (PULs) as well as members of more than 20 glycoside hydrolase and other carbohydrate-active enzyme families targeting various polysaccharides including cellulose, xylan and pectin. Functional screening of cloned metagenome fragments revealed high cellulolytic activity and an abundance of PULs that are rich in endoglucanases (GH5) but devoid of other common enzymes thought to be involved in cellulose degradation. Combining these results with known and partly re-evaluated metagenomic data strongly indicates that much like the human distal gut, the digestive system of herbivores harbours high numbers of deeply branched and as-yet uncultured members of the Bacteroidetes that depend on PUL-like systems for plant biomass degradation. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Phillip B Pope Alasdair K Mackenzie Ivan Gregor Wendy Smith Monica A Sundset Alice C McHardy Mark Morrison Vincent G H Eijsink |
author_facet |
Phillip B Pope Alasdair K Mackenzie Ivan Gregor Wendy Smith Monica A Sundset Alice C McHardy Mark Morrison Vincent G H Eijsink |
author_sort |
Phillip B Pope |
title |
Metagenomics of the Svalbard reindeer rumen microbiome reveals abundance of polysaccharide utilization loci. |
title_short |
Metagenomics of the Svalbard reindeer rumen microbiome reveals abundance of polysaccharide utilization loci. |
title_full |
Metagenomics of the Svalbard reindeer rumen microbiome reveals abundance of polysaccharide utilization loci. |
title_fullStr |
Metagenomics of the Svalbard reindeer rumen microbiome reveals abundance of polysaccharide utilization loci. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Metagenomics of the Svalbard reindeer rumen microbiome reveals abundance of polysaccharide utilization loci. |
title_sort |
metagenomics of the svalbard reindeer rumen microbiome reveals abundance of polysaccharide utilization loci. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038571 https://doaj.org/article/07d84a0053b04dc08a4540d8850a331a |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Rangifer tarandus Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus Svalbard svalbard reindeer |
genre_facet |
Arctic Rangifer tarandus Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus Svalbard svalbard reindeer |
op_source |
PLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 6, p e38571 (2012) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3368933?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038571 https://doaj.org/article/07d84a0053b04dc08a4540d8850a331a |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038571 |
container_title |
PLoS ONE |
container_volume |
7 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
e38571 |
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