Boreal lakes moderate seasonal and diurnal temperature variation and perturb atmospheric circulation: analyses in the Community Earth System Model 1 (CESM1)
We used a lake thermal physics model recently coupled into the Community Earth System Model 1 (CESM1) to study the effects of lake distribution in present and future climate. Under present climate, correcting the large underestimation of lake area in CESM1 (denoted CCSM4 in the configuration used he...
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Stockholm University Press
2012
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v64i0.15639 https://doaj.org/article/06e2723543da4f5ba8bef71d58d10f78 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:06e2723543da4f5ba8bef71d58d10f78 2023-05-15T17:58:06+02:00 Boreal lakes moderate seasonal and diurnal temperature variation and perturb atmospheric circulation: analyses in the Community Earth System Model 1 (CESM1) William J. Riley Céline Bonfils Fuyu Li Lisa N. Murphy Zachary M. Subin 2012-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v64i0.15639 https://doaj.org/article/06e2723543da4f5ba8bef71d58d10f78 EN eng Stockholm University Press http://www.tellusa.net/index.php/tellusa/article/view/15639/pdf https://doaj.org/toc/0280-6495 https://doaj.org/toc/1600-0870 doi:10.3402/tellusa.v64i0.15639 0280-6495 1600-0870 https://doaj.org/article/06e2723543da4f5ba8bef71d58d10f78 Tellus: Series A, Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, Vol 64, Iss 0, Pp 1-21 (2012) lake modelling climate model evaluation land–atmosphere interactions atmospheric dynamics boreal climate change Oceanography GC1-1581 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 article 2012 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v64i0.15639 2022-12-30T23:54:18Z We used a lake thermal physics model recently coupled into the Community Earth System Model 1 (CESM1) to study the effects of lake distribution in present and future climate. Under present climate, correcting the large underestimation of lake area in CESM1 (denoted CCSM4 in the configuration used here) caused 1 °C spring decreases and fall increases in surface air temperature throughout large areas of Canada and the US. Simulated summer surface diurnal air temperature range decreased by up to 4 °C, reducing CCSM4 biases. These changes were much larger than those resulting from prescribed lake disappearance in some present-day permafrost regions under doubled-CO2 conditions. Correcting the underestimation of lake area in present climate caused widespread high-latitude summer cooling at 850 hPa. Significant remote changes included decreases in the strength of fall Southern Ocean westerlies. We found significantly different winter responses when separately analysing 45-yr subperiods, indicating that relatively long simulations are required to discern the impacts of surface changes on remote conditions. We also investigated the surface forcing of lakes using idealised aqua-planet experiments which showed that surface changes of 2 °C in the Northern Hemisphere extra-tropics could cause substantial changes in precipitation and winds in the tropics and Southern Hemisphere. Shifts in the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone were opposite in sign to those predicted by some previous studies. Zonal mean circulation changes were consistent in character but much larger than those occurring in the lake distribution experiments, due to the larger magnitude and more uniform surface forcing in the idealised aqua-planet experiments. Article in Journal/Newspaper permafrost Southern Ocean Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Southern Ocean Canada Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography 64 1 15639 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
lake modelling climate model evaluation land–atmosphere interactions atmospheric dynamics boreal climate change Oceanography GC1-1581 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
spellingShingle |
lake modelling climate model evaluation land–atmosphere interactions atmospheric dynamics boreal climate change Oceanography GC1-1581 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 William J. Riley Céline Bonfils Fuyu Li Lisa N. Murphy Zachary M. Subin Boreal lakes moderate seasonal and diurnal temperature variation and perturb atmospheric circulation: analyses in the Community Earth System Model 1 (CESM1) |
topic_facet |
lake modelling climate model evaluation land–atmosphere interactions atmospheric dynamics boreal climate change Oceanography GC1-1581 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
description |
We used a lake thermal physics model recently coupled into the Community Earth System Model 1 (CESM1) to study the effects of lake distribution in present and future climate. Under present climate, correcting the large underestimation of lake area in CESM1 (denoted CCSM4 in the configuration used here) caused 1 °C spring decreases and fall increases in surface air temperature throughout large areas of Canada and the US. Simulated summer surface diurnal air temperature range decreased by up to 4 °C, reducing CCSM4 biases. These changes were much larger than those resulting from prescribed lake disappearance in some present-day permafrost regions under doubled-CO2 conditions. Correcting the underestimation of lake area in present climate caused widespread high-latitude summer cooling at 850 hPa. Significant remote changes included decreases in the strength of fall Southern Ocean westerlies. We found significantly different winter responses when separately analysing 45-yr subperiods, indicating that relatively long simulations are required to discern the impacts of surface changes on remote conditions. We also investigated the surface forcing of lakes using idealised aqua-planet experiments which showed that surface changes of 2 °C in the Northern Hemisphere extra-tropics could cause substantial changes in precipitation and winds in the tropics and Southern Hemisphere. Shifts in the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone were opposite in sign to those predicted by some previous studies. Zonal mean circulation changes were consistent in character but much larger than those occurring in the lake distribution experiments, due to the larger magnitude and more uniform surface forcing in the idealised aqua-planet experiments. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
William J. Riley Céline Bonfils Fuyu Li Lisa N. Murphy Zachary M. Subin |
author_facet |
William J. Riley Céline Bonfils Fuyu Li Lisa N. Murphy Zachary M. Subin |
author_sort |
William J. Riley |
title |
Boreal lakes moderate seasonal and diurnal temperature variation and perturb atmospheric circulation: analyses in the Community Earth System Model 1 (CESM1) |
title_short |
Boreal lakes moderate seasonal and diurnal temperature variation and perturb atmospheric circulation: analyses in the Community Earth System Model 1 (CESM1) |
title_full |
Boreal lakes moderate seasonal and diurnal temperature variation and perturb atmospheric circulation: analyses in the Community Earth System Model 1 (CESM1) |
title_fullStr |
Boreal lakes moderate seasonal and diurnal temperature variation and perturb atmospheric circulation: analyses in the Community Earth System Model 1 (CESM1) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Boreal lakes moderate seasonal and diurnal temperature variation and perturb atmospheric circulation: analyses in the Community Earth System Model 1 (CESM1) |
title_sort |
boreal lakes moderate seasonal and diurnal temperature variation and perturb atmospheric circulation: analyses in the community earth system model 1 (cesm1) |
publisher |
Stockholm University Press |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v64i0.15639 https://doaj.org/article/06e2723543da4f5ba8bef71d58d10f78 |
geographic |
Southern Ocean Canada |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean Canada |
genre |
permafrost Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
permafrost Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Tellus: Series A, Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, Vol 64, Iss 0, Pp 1-21 (2012) |
op_relation |
http://www.tellusa.net/index.php/tellusa/article/view/15639/pdf https://doaj.org/toc/0280-6495 https://doaj.org/toc/1600-0870 doi:10.3402/tellusa.v64i0.15639 0280-6495 1600-0870 https://doaj.org/article/06e2723543da4f5ba8bef71d58d10f78 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v64i0.15639 |
container_title |
Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography |
container_volume |
64 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
15639 |
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1766166637888667648 |