Modeling Thermal Suitability for Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus ssp.) Brainworm (Elaphostrongylus rangiferi) Transmission in Fennoscandia
The brainworm, Elaphostrongylus rangiferi, is a nematode which causes neurological disorders (elaphostrongylosis) in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus ssp.). Favorable climatic conditions have been inferred as the cause of sporadic outbreaks of elaphostrongylosis in Norway, supported by positive associati...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:048cd53e86c541faaa3980e35ea9b029 2023-05-15T16:11:44+02:00 Modeling Thermal Suitability for Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus ssp.) Brainworm (Elaphostrongylus rangiferi) Transmission in Fennoscandia Hannah Rose Vineer Torill Mørk Diana J. Williams Rebecca K. Davidson 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.603990 https://doaj.org/article/048cd53e86c541faaa3980e35ea9b029 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2020.603990/full https://doaj.org/toc/2297-1769 2297-1769 doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.603990 https://doaj.org/article/048cd53e86c541faaa3980e35ea9b029 Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol 7 (2021) elaphostrongylus reindeer rangifer climate model parasite Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.603990 2022-12-31T07:25:18Z The brainworm, Elaphostrongylus rangiferi, is a nematode which causes neurological disorders (elaphostrongylosis) in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus ssp.). Favorable climatic conditions have been inferred as the cause of sporadic outbreaks of elaphostrongylosis in Norway, supported by positive associations between observed outbreaks/intensity of infection and summer temperatures in the previous years. Climate warming which results in increased transmission of E. rangiferi therefore presents a risk to the health of semi-domesticated and wild reindeer in Fennoscandia (Norway, Sweden, and Finland), the health of co-grazing small ruminants, and the livelihoods of indigenous Sámi herders. As a first step toward developing climate change impact assessments for E. rangiferi, a degree-day model was developed for larval development in a range of gastropod hosts and applied to historic weather data. Predictions were validated by statistical and qualitative comparison against historic parasitological and outbreak records. The model predicted an overall increase in thermal suitability for E. rangiferi, which was statistically significant in the north and along the Scandinavian mountain ranges, where reindeer density is highest. In these regions annual cumulative temperature conditions are suitable for larval development within a single year, potentially changing E. rangiferi epidemiology from a 2-year transmission cycle to a 1-year transmission cycle. This is the first mechanistic model developed for E. rangiferi and could be used to inform veterinary risk assessments on a broad spatial scale. Limitations and further developments are discussed. Article in Journal/Newspaper Fennoscandia Rangifer tarandus Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Norway Frontiers in Veterinary Science 7 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
elaphostrongylus reindeer rangifer climate model parasite Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 |
spellingShingle |
elaphostrongylus reindeer rangifer climate model parasite Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Hannah Rose Vineer Torill Mørk Diana J. Williams Rebecca K. Davidson Modeling Thermal Suitability for Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus ssp.) Brainworm (Elaphostrongylus rangiferi) Transmission in Fennoscandia |
topic_facet |
elaphostrongylus reindeer rangifer climate model parasite Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 |
description |
The brainworm, Elaphostrongylus rangiferi, is a nematode which causes neurological disorders (elaphostrongylosis) in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus ssp.). Favorable climatic conditions have been inferred as the cause of sporadic outbreaks of elaphostrongylosis in Norway, supported by positive associations between observed outbreaks/intensity of infection and summer temperatures in the previous years. Climate warming which results in increased transmission of E. rangiferi therefore presents a risk to the health of semi-domesticated and wild reindeer in Fennoscandia (Norway, Sweden, and Finland), the health of co-grazing small ruminants, and the livelihoods of indigenous Sámi herders. As a first step toward developing climate change impact assessments for E. rangiferi, a degree-day model was developed for larval development in a range of gastropod hosts and applied to historic weather data. Predictions were validated by statistical and qualitative comparison against historic parasitological and outbreak records. The model predicted an overall increase in thermal suitability for E. rangiferi, which was statistically significant in the north and along the Scandinavian mountain ranges, where reindeer density is highest. In these regions annual cumulative temperature conditions are suitable for larval development within a single year, potentially changing E. rangiferi epidemiology from a 2-year transmission cycle to a 1-year transmission cycle. This is the first mechanistic model developed for E. rangiferi and could be used to inform veterinary risk assessments on a broad spatial scale. Limitations and further developments are discussed. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hannah Rose Vineer Torill Mørk Diana J. Williams Rebecca K. Davidson |
author_facet |
Hannah Rose Vineer Torill Mørk Diana J. Williams Rebecca K. Davidson |
author_sort |
Hannah Rose Vineer |
title |
Modeling Thermal Suitability for Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus ssp.) Brainworm (Elaphostrongylus rangiferi) Transmission in Fennoscandia |
title_short |
Modeling Thermal Suitability for Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus ssp.) Brainworm (Elaphostrongylus rangiferi) Transmission in Fennoscandia |
title_full |
Modeling Thermal Suitability for Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus ssp.) Brainworm (Elaphostrongylus rangiferi) Transmission in Fennoscandia |
title_fullStr |
Modeling Thermal Suitability for Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus ssp.) Brainworm (Elaphostrongylus rangiferi) Transmission in Fennoscandia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modeling Thermal Suitability for Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus ssp.) Brainworm (Elaphostrongylus rangiferi) Transmission in Fennoscandia |
title_sort |
modeling thermal suitability for reindeer (rangifer tarandus ssp.) brainworm (elaphostrongylus rangiferi) transmission in fennoscandia |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.603990 https://doaj.org/article/048cd53e86c541faaa3980e35ea9b029 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Fennoscandia Rangifer tarandus |
genre_facet |
Fennoscandia Rangifer tarandus |
op_source |
Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol 7 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2020.603990/full https://doaj.org/toc/2297-1769 2297-1769 doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.603990 https://doaj.org/article/048cd53e86c541faaa3980e35ea9b029 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.603990 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
container_volume |
7 |
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1765996918638379008 |