Transcriptome analysis of the spider Phonotimpus pennimani reveals novel toxin transcripts
Abstract Background: Phonotimpus pennimani (Araneae, Phrurolithidae) is a small-sized (3-5 mm) spider endemic to the Tacaná volcano in Chiapas, Mexico, where it is found in soil litter of cloud forests and coffee plantations. Its venom composition has so far not been investigated, partly because it...
Published in: | Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:0413ad06eb4b49d7b9801efef7640890 2023-05-15T15:10:58+02:00 Transcriptome analysis of the spider Phonotimpus pennimani reveals novel toxin transcripts Jonathan David Baza-Moreno Leticia Vega-Alvarado Guillermo Ibarra-Núñez Karina Guillén-Navarro Luz Verónica García-Fajardo Verónica Jiménez-Jacinto Elia Diego-García 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2022-0031 https://doaj.org/article/0413ad06eb4b49d7b9801efef7640890 EN eng SciELO http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992023000100304&lng=en&tlng=en http://www.scielo.br/pdf/jvatitd/v29/1678-9199-jvatitd-29-e20220031.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9199 1678-9199 doi:10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2022-0031 https://doaj.org/article/0413ad06eb4b49d7b9801efef7640890 Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, Vol 29 (2023) Genes Molecular diversity Toxins Transcripts Wandering spider Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2022-0031 2023-01-29T01:30:18Z Abstract Background: Phonotimpus pennimani (Araneae, Phrurolithidae) is a small-sized (3-5 mm) spider endemic to the Tacaná volcano in Chiapas, Mexico, where it is found in soil litter of cloud forests and coffee plantations. Its venom composition has so far not been investigated, partly because it is not a species of medical significance. However, it does have an important impact on the arthropod populations of its natural habitat. Methods: Specimens were collected in Southeastern Mexico (Chiapas) and identified taxonomically by morphological characteristics. A partial sequence from the mitochondrial gene coxI was amplified. Sequencing on the Illumina platform of a transcriptome library constructed from 12 adult specimens revealed 25 toxin or toxin-like genes. Transcripts were validated (RT-qPCR) by assessing the differential expression of the toxin-like PpenTox1 transcript and normalising with housekeeping genes. Results: Analysis of the coxI-gene revealed a similarity to other species of the family Phrurolithidae. Transcriptome analysis also revealed similarity with venom components of species from the families Ctenidae, Lycosidae, and Sicariidae. Expression of the toxin-like PpenTox1 gene was different for each developmental stage (juvenile or adult) and also for both sexes (female or male). Additionally, a partial sequence was obtained for the toxin-like PpenTox1 from DNA. Conclusion: Data from the amplification of the mitochondrial coxI gene confirmed that P. pennimani belongs to the family Phrurolithidae. New genes and transcripts coding for venom components were identified. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 29 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
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English |
topic |
Genes Molecular diversity Toxins Transcripts Wandering spider Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 |
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Genes Molecular diversity Toxins Transcripts Wandering spider Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 Jonathan David Baza-Moreno Leticia Vega-Alvarado Guillermo Ibarra-Núñez Karina Guillén-Navarro Luz Verónica García-Fajardo Verónica Jiménez-Jacinto Elia Diego-García Transcriptome analysis of the spider Phonotimpus pennimani reveals novel toxin transcripts |
topic_facet |
Genes Molecular diversity Toxins Transcripts Wandering spider Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Toxicology. Poisons RA1190-1270 Zoology QL1-991 |
description |
Abstract Background: Phonotimpus pennimani (Araneae, Phrurolithidae) is a small-sized (3-5 mm) spider endemic to the Tacaná volcano in Chiapas, Mexico, where it is found in soil litter of cloud forests and coffee plantations. Its venom composition has so far not been investigated, partly because it is not a species of medical significance. However, it does have an important impact on the arthropod populations of its natural habitat. Methods: Specimens were collected in Southeastern Mexico (Chiapas) and identified taxonomically by morphological characteristics. A partial sequence from the mitochondrial gene coxI was amplified. Sequencing on the Illumina platform of a transcriptome library constructed from 12 adult specimens revealed 25 toxin or toxin-like genes. Transcripts were validated (RT-qPCR) by assessing the differential expression of the toxin-like PpenTox1 transcript and normalising with housekeeping genes. Results: Analysis of the coxI-gene revealed a similarity to other species of the family Phrurolithidae. Transcriptome analysis also revealed similarity with venom components of species from the families Ctenidae, Lycosidae, and Sicariidae. Expression of the toxin-like PpenTox1 gene was different for each developmental stage (juvenile or adult) and also for both sexes (female or male). Additionally, a partial sequence was obtained for the toxin-like PpenTox1 from DNA. Conclusion: Data from the amplification of the mitochondrial coxI gene confirmed that P. pennimani belongs to the family Phrurolithidae. New genes and transcripts coding for venom components were identified. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jonathan David Baza-Moreno Leticia Vega-Alvarado Guillermo Ibarra-Núñez Karina Guillén-Navarro Luz Verónica García-Fajardo Verónica Jiménez-Jacinto Elia Diego-García |
author_facet |
Jonathan David Baza-Moreno Leticia Vega-Alvarado Guillermo Ibarra-Núñez Karina Guillén-Navarro Luz Verónica García-Fajardo Verónica Jiménez-Jacinto Elia Diego-García |
author_sort |
Jonathan David Baza-Moreno |
title |
Transcriptome analysis of the spider Phonotimpus pennimani reveals novel toxin transcripts |
title_short |
Transcriptome analysis of the spider Phonotimpus pennimani reveals novel toxin transcripts |
title_full |
Transcriptome analysis of the spider Phonotimpus pennimani reveals novel toxin transcripts |
title_fullStr |
Transcriptome analysis of the spider Phonotimpus pennimani reveals novel toxin transcripts |
title_full_unstemmed |
Transcriptome analysis of the spider Phonotimpus pennimani reveals novel toxin transcripts |
title_sort |
transcriptome analysis of the spider phonotimpus pennimani reveals novel toxin transcripts |
publisher |
SciELO |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2022-0031 https://doaj.org/article/0413ad06eb4b49d7b9801efef7640890 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, Vol 29 (2023) |
op_relation |
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992023000100304&lng=en&tlng=en http://www.scielo.br/pdf/jvatitd/v29/1678-9199-jvatitd-29-e20220031.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1678-9199 1678-9199 doi:10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2022-0031 https://doaj.org/article/0413ad06eb4b49d7b9801efef7640890 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2022-0031 |
container_title |
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases |
container_volume |
29 |
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1766341894361579520 |