How the Saint Santin incoherent scatter system paved the way for a French involvement in EISCAT
This paper relates the development of a French incoherent scatter system which started its operations in 1965. This development took place several years after the initial implementation of such systems in the United States, in Peru and in the United Kingdom. The French system, owing to its bistatic...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:03ee8557a25e40e0821d19970e0b0c27 2023-05-15T16:04:45+02:00 How the Saint Santin incoherent scatter system paved the way for a French involvement in EISCAT P. Bauer A. Giraud W. Kofman M. Petit P. Waldteufel 2013-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-4-97-2013 https://doaj.org/article/03ee8557a25e40e0821d19970e0b0c27 EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.hist-geo-space-sci.net/4/97/2013/hgss-4-97-2013.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/2190-5010 https://doaj.org/toc/2190-5029 2190-5010 2190-5029 doi:10.5194/hgss-4-97-2013 https://doaj.org/article/03ee8557a25e40e0821d19970e0b0c27 History of Geo- and Space Sciences, Vol 4, Iss 2, Pp 97-103 (2013) Science Q Geology QE1-996.5 Dynamic and structural geology QE500-639.5 Physics QC1-999 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 article 2013 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-4-97-2013 2022-12-31T01:17:52Z This paper relates the development of a French incoherent scatter system which started its operations in 1965. This development took place several years after the initial implementation of such systems in the United States, in Peru and in the United Kingdom. The French system, owing to its bistatic configuration and the use of continuous waves, differed from the previous ones. These characteristics yielded signals of excellent spectral quality, unravelling the possibility of inferring physical parameters (Doppler shift, average ion mass) out of reach, at that time, of other systems. The possibility of making ion drift vector measurements led to extend the system into a quadristatic configuration. The multiple capabilities offered by the incoherent scatter technique, notably as concerns the thermodynamical properties of the ionosphere and of the thermosphere, led further the French community to a project of embarking an incoherent scatter radar on board a ship. Taking account of a project of a Scandinavian auroral zone radar and of the considerable interest of the study of auroral zone electrodynamics, the French community abandoned the idea of the ship and expressed an interest in joining the Scandinavian project in conjunction with Germany and the United Kingdom. Article in Journal/Newspaper EISCAT Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles History of Geo- and Space Sciences 4 2 97 103 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Science Q Geology QE1-996.5 Dynamic and structural geology QE500-639.5 Physics QC1-999 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 |
spellingShingle |
Science Q Geology QE1-996.5 Dynamic and structural geology QE500-639.5 Physics QC1-999 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 P. Bauer A. Giraud W. Kofman M. Petit P. Waldteufel How the Saint Santin incoherent scatter system paved the way for a French involvement in EISCAT |
topic_facet |
Science Q Geology QE1-996.5 Dynamic and structural geology QE500-639.5 Physics QC1-999 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 |
description |
This paper relates the development of a French incoherent scatter system which started its operations in 1965. This development took place several years after the initial implementation of such systems in the United States, in Peru and in the United Kingdom. The French system, owing to its bistatic configuration and the use of continuous waves, differed from the previous ones. These characteristics yielded signals of excellent spectral quality, unravelling the possibility of inferring physical parameters (Doppler shift, average ion mass) out of reach, at that time, of other systems. The possibility of making ion drift vector measurements led to extend the system into a quadristatic configuration. The multiple capabilities offered by the incoherent scatter technique, notably as concerns the thermodynamical properties of the ionosphere and of the thermosphere, led further the French community to a project of embarking an incoherent scatter radar on board a ship. Taking account of a project of a Scandinavian auroral zone radar and of the considerable interest of the study of auroral zone electrodynamics, the French community abandoned the idea of the ship and expressed an interest in joining the Scandinavian project in conjunction with Germany and the United Kingdom. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
P. Bauer A. Giraud W. Kofman M. Petit P. Waldteufel |
author_facet |
P. Bauer A. Giraud W. Kofman M. Petit P. Waldteufel |
author_sort |
P. Bauer |
title |
How the Saint Santin incoherent scatter system paved the way for a French involvement in EISCAT |
title_short |
How the Saint Santin incoherent scatter system paved the way for a French involvement in EISCAT |
title_full |
How the Saint Santin incoherent scatter system paved the way for a French involvement in EISCAT |
title_fullStr |
How the Saint Santin incoherent scatter system paved the way for a French involvement in EISCAT |
title_full_unstemmed |
How the Saint Santin incoherent scatter system paved the way for a French involvement in EISCAT |
title_sort |
how the saint santin incoherent scatter system paved the way for a french involvement in eiscat |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-4-97-2013 https://doaj.org/article/03ee8557a25e40e0821d19970e0b0c27 |
genre |
EISCAT |
genre_facet |
EISCAT |
op_source |
History of Geo- and Space Sciences, Vol 4, Iss 2, Pp 97-103 (2013) |
op_relation |
http://www.hist-geo-space-sci.net/4/97/2013/hgss-4-97-2013.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/2190-5010 https://doaj.org/toc/2190-5029 2190-5010 2190-5029 doi:10.5194/hgss-4-97-2013 https://doaj.org/article/03ee8557a25e40e0821d19970e0b0c27 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-4-97-2013 |
container_title |
History of Geo- and Space Sciences |
container_volume |
4 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
97 |
op_container_end_page |
103 |
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1766400369621991424 |