Multi-year observations reveal a larger than expected autumn respiration signal across northeast Eurasia
Site-level observations have shown pervasive cold season CO 2 release across Arctic and boreal ecosystems, impacting annual carbon budgets. Still, the seasonality of CO 2 emissions are poorly quantified across much of the high latitudes due to the sparse coverage of site-level observations. Space-ba...
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Copernicus Publications
2022
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4779-2022 https://doaj.org/article/03739c145fce418d9b4929fcc9d8e141 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:03739c145fce418d9b4929fcc9d8e141 2023-05-15T15:16:06+02:00 Multi-year observations reveal a larger than expected autumn respiration signal across northeast Eurasia B. Byrne J. Liu Y. Yi A. Chatterjee S. Basu R. Cheng R. Doughty F. Chevallier K. W. Bowman N. C. Parazoo D. Crisp X. Li J. Xiao S. Sitch B. Guenet F. Deng M. S. Johnson S. Philip P. C. McGuire C. E. Miller 2022-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4779-2022 https://doaj.org/article/03739c145fce418d9b4929fcc9d8e141 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/19/4779/2022/bg-19-4779-2022.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-19-4779-2022 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/03739c145fce418d9b4929fcc9d8e141 Biogeosciences, Vol 19, Pp 4779-4799 (2022) Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4779-2022 2022-12-30T21:33:12Z Site-level observations have shown pervasive cold season CO 2 release across Arctic and boreal ecosystems, impacting annual carbon budgets. Still, the seasonality of CO 2 emissions are poorly quantified across much of the high latitudes due to the sparse coverage of site-level observations. Space-based observations provide the opportunity to fill some observational gaps for studying these high-latitude ecosystems, particularly across poorly sampled regions of Eurasia. Here, we show that data-driven net ecosystem exchange (NEE) from atmospheric CO 2 observations implies strong summer uptake followed by strong autumn release of CO 2 over the entire cold northeastern region of Eurasia during the 2015–2019 study period. Combining data-driven NEE with satellite-based estimates of gross primary production (GPP), we show that this seasonality implies less summer heterotrophic respiration ( R h ) and greater autumn R h than would be expected given an exponential relationship between respiration and surface temperature. Furthermore, we show that this seasonality of NEE and R h over northeastern Eurasia is not captured by the TRENDY v8 ensemble of dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs), which estimate that 47 %–57 % (interquartile range) of annual R h occurs during August–April, while the data-driven estimates suggest 59 %–76 % of annual R h occurs over this period. We explain this seasonal shift in R h by respiration from soils at depth during the zero-curtain period, when sub-surface soils remain unfrozen up to several months after the surface has frozen. Additional impacts of physical processes related to freeze–thaw dynamics may contribute to the seasonality of R h . This study confirms a significant and spatially extensive early cold season CO 2 efflux in the permafrost-rich region of northeast Eurasia and suggests that autumn R h from subsurface soils in the northern high latitudes is not well captured by current DGVMs. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic permafrost Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Biogeosciences 19 19 4779 4799 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 B. Byrne J. Liu Y. Yi A. Chatterjee S. Basu R. Cheng R. Doughty F. Chevallier K. W. Bowman N. C. Parazoo D. Crisp X. Li J. Xiao S. Sitch B. Guenet F. Deng M. S. Johnson S. Philip P. C. McGuire C. E. Miller Multi-year observations reveal a larger than expected autumn respiration signal across northeast Eurasia |
topic_facet |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Site-level observations have shown pervasive cold season CO 2 release across Arctic and boreal ecosystems, impacting annual carbon budgets. Still, the seasonality of CO 2 emissions are poorly quantified across much of the high latitudes due to the sparse coverage of site-level observations. Space-based observations provide the opportunity to fill some observational gaps for studying these high-latitude ecosystems, particularly across poorly sampled regions of Eurasia. Here, we show that data-driven net ecosystem exchange (NEE) from atmospheric CO 2 observations implies strong summer uptake followed by strong autumn release of CO 2 over the entire cold northeastern region of Eurasia during the 2015–2019 study period. Combining data-driven NEE with satellite-based estimates of gross primary production (GPP), we show that this seasonality implies less summer heterotrophic respiration ( R h ) and greater autumn R h than would be expected given an exponential relationship between respiration and surface temperature. Furthermore, we show that this seasonality of NEE and R h over northeastern Eurasia is not captured by the TRENDY v8 ensemble of dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs), which estimate that 47 %–57 % (interquartile range) of annual R h occurs during August–April, while the data-driven estimates suggest 59 %–76 % of annual R h occurs over this period. We explain this seasonal shift in R h by respiration from soils at depth during the zero-curtain period, when sub-surface soils remain unfrozen up to several months after the surface has frozen. Additional impacts of physical processes related to freeze–thaw dynamics may contribute to the seasonality of R h . This study confirms a significant and spatially extensive early cold season CO 2 efflux in the permafrost-rich region of northeast Eurasia and suggests that autumn R h from subsurface soils in the northern high latitudes is not well captured by current DGVMs. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
B. Byrne J. Liu Y. Yi A. Chatterjee S. Basu R. Cheng R. Doughty F. Chevallier K. W. Bowman N. C. Parazoo D. Crisp X. Li J. Xiao S. Sitch B. Guenet F. Deng M. S. Johnson S. Philip P. C. McGuire C. E. Miller |
author_facet |
B. Byrne J. Liu Y. Yi A. Chatterjee S. Basu R. Cheng R. Doughty F. Chevallier K. W. Bowman N. C. Parazoo D. Crisp X. Li J. Xiao S. Sitch B. Guenet F. Deng M. S. Johnson S. Philip P. C. McGuire C. E. Miller |
author_sort |
B. Byrne |
title |
Multi-year observations reveal a larger than expected autumn respiration signal across northeast Eurasia |
title_short |
Multi-year observations reveal a larger than expected autumn respiration signal across northeast Eurasia |
title_full |
Multi-year observations reveal a larger than expected autumn respiration signal across northeast Eurasia |
title_fullStr |
Multi-year observations reveal a larger than expected autumn respiration signal across northeast Eurasia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Multi-year observations reveal a larger than expected autumn respiration signal across northeast Eurasia |
title_sort |
multi-year observations reveal a larger than expected autumn respiration signal across northeast eurasia |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4779-2022 https://doaj.org/article/03739c145fce418d9b4929fcc9d8e141 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic permafrost |
genre_facet |
Arctic permafrost |
op_source |
Biogeosciences, Vol 19, Pp 4779-4799 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/19/4779/2022/bg-19-4779-2022.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-19-4779-2022 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/03739c145fce418d9b4929fcc9d8e141 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4779-2022 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
19 |
container_start_page |
4779 |
op_container_end_page |
4799 |
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1766346412205801472 |