Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum and non-P. falciparum infections in a highland district in Ghana, and the influence of HIV and sickle cell disease
Abstract Background In the past two decades, there has been a reported decline in malaria in Ghana and the rest of the world; yet it remains the number one cause of mortality and morbidity. Human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) and sickle cell disease (SCD) share a common geographical space with malar...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:0349ba0dbae14030af12ed377ef558a6 2023-05-15T15:14:17+02:00 Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum and non-P. falciparum infections in a highland district in Ghana, and the influence of HIV and sickle cell disease Ewurama D. A. Owusu Charles A. Brown Martin P. Grobusch Petra Mens 2017-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-1823-y https://doaj.org/article/0349ba0dbae14030af12ed377ef558a6 EN eng BMC http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-017-1823-y https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-017-1823-y 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/0349ba0dbae14030af12ed377ef558a6 Malaria Journal, Vol 16, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2017) Falciparum Non-falciparum Malaria Ghana HIV SCD Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-1823-y 2022-12-30T21:19:24Z Abstract Background In the past two decades, there has been a reported decline in malaria in Ghana and the rest of the world; yet it remains the number one cause of mortality and morbidity. Human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) and sickle cell disease (SCD) share a common geographical space with malaria in sub-Saharan Africa and an interaction between these three conditions has been suggested. This study determined the Plasmodium falciparum and non-P. falciparum status of symptomatic and non-symptomatic residents of Mpraeso in the highlands of Kwahu-South district of Ghana based on evidence of current national decline. The influence of HIV and SCD on malaria was also determined. Methods Participants were 354 symptomatic patients visiting the Kwahu Government Hospital and 360 asymptomatic residents of the district capital. This cross-sectional study was conducted during the minor rainy season (October–December 2014). Rapid diagnostic tests (RDT), blood film microscopy and real-time polymerase chain reaction assessment of blood were done. Participants who tested positive with RDT were treated with artemisinin-based combination therapy; and assessment of venous blood was repeated 7 days after treatment. HIV screening and haemoglobin genotyping was done. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the influence of SCD and HIV. Results Plasmodium falciparum was prevalent at 124/142 (87.3%). Plasmodium malariae was the only non-falciparum species detected at 18/142 (12.7%). HIV and SCD did not significantly increase odds of malaria infection. However, the use of ITN and recent anti-malarial intake significantly decreased the odds of being malaria infected by 0.45-fold and 0.46-fold respectively. Conclusion Plasmodium falciparum and P. malariae infection are the prevailing species in the study area; albeit varying from the national average. HIV and SCD were not associated with the risk of having malaria. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Sickle ENVELOPE(-66.783,-66.783,-68.867,-68.867) Malaria Journal 16 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Falciparum Non-falciparum Malaria Ghana HIV SCD Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
spellingShingle |
Falciparum Non-falciparum Malaria Ghana HIV SCD Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Ewurama D. A. Owusu Charles A. Brown Martin P. Grobusch Petra Mens Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum and non-P. falciparum infections in a highland district in Ghana, and the influence of HIV and sickle cell disease |
topic_facet |
Falciparum Non-falciparum Malaria Ghana HIV SCD Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background In the past two decades, there has been a reported decline in malaria in Ghana and the rest of the world; yet it remains the number one cause of mortality and morbidity. Human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) and sickle cell disease (SCD) share a common geographical space with malaria in sub-Saharan Africa and an interaction between these three conditions has been suggested. This study determined the Plasmodium falciparum and non-P. falciparum status of symptomatic and non-symptomatic residents of Mpraeso in the highlands of Kwahu-South district of Ghana based on evidence of current national decline. The influence of HIV and SCD on malaria was also determined. Methods Participants were 354 symptomatic patients visiting the Kwahu Government Hospital and 360 asymptomatic residents of the district capital. This cross-sectional study was conducted during the minor rainy season (October–December 2014). Rapid diagnostic tests (RDT), blood film microscopy and real-time polymerase chain reaction assessment of blood were done. Participants who tested positive with RDT were treated with artemisinin-based combination therapy; and assessment of venous blood was repeated 7 days after treatment. HIV screening and haemoglobin genotyping was done. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the influence of SCD and HIV. Results Plasmodium falciparum was prevalent at 124/142 (87.3%). Plasmodium malariae was the only non-falciparum species detected at 18/142 (12.7%). HIV and SCD did not significantly increase odds of malaria infection. However, the use of ITN and recent anti-malarial intake significantly decreased the odds of being malaria infected by 0.45-fold and 0.46-fold respectively. Conclusion Plasmodium falciparum and P. malariae infection are the prevailing species in the study area; albeit varying from the national average. HIV and SCD were not associated with the risk of having malaria. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ewurama D. A. Owusu Charles A. Brown Martin P. Grobusch Petra Mens |
author_facet |
Ewurama D. A. Owusu Charles A. Brown Martin P. Grobusch Petra Mens |
author_sort |
Ewurama D. A. Owusu |
title |
Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum and non-P. falciparum infections in a highland district in Ghana, and the influence of HIV and sickle cell disease |
title_short |
Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum and non-P. falciparum infections in a highland district in Ghana, and the influence of HIV and sickle cell disease |
title_full |
Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum and non-P. falciparum infections in a highland district in Ghana, and the influence of HIV and sickle cell disease |
title_fullStr |
Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum and non-P. falciparum infections in a highland district in Ghana, and the influence of HIV and sickle cell disease |
title_full_unstemmed |
Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum and non-P. falciparum infections in a highland district in Ghana, and the influence of HIV and sickle cell disease |
title_sort |
prevalence of plasmodium falciparum and non-p. falciparum infections in a highland district in ghana, and the influence of hiv and sickle cell disease |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-1823-y https://doaj.org/article/0349ba0dbae14030af12ed377ef558a6 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-66.783,-66.783,-68.867,-68.867) |
geographic |
Arctic Sickle |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Sickle |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 16, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2017) |
op_relation |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-017-1823-y https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/s12936-017-1823-y 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/0349ba0dbae14030af12ed377ef558a6 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-1823-y |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
container_volume |
16 |
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1 |
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1766344754287607808 |